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A facile and general strategy for preparing uniform and multifunctional polyphenol-based colloidal particles through amine-catalyzed polymerization-induced self-assembly is described. The size and interfacial adhesion of polyphenol spheres can be easily controlled over a wide range via adjusting the concentration of the cosolvent and monomer. Moreover, the polyphenol spheres showed excellent thermal and chemical stability and highly active properties and could efficiently deplete the reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are helpful for

Slow-release fertilizers (SRFs) have been widely used to reduce environment pollution derived from excessive nutrients. Coated fertilizers have been designed and prepared using various materials. However, development of new green coating materials and simple process is still a huge challenge. In this study, tannic acid (TA), a natural polyphenol, was used to prepare poly(tannic acid) (PTA)-coated fertilizers with urea prills as the core, and the technology of the coating process in a spout fluidized bed was developed. PTA coating could be formed rapidly by the fast oxidation of TA by an oxidation solution containing CuSO4 and H2O2. The coated urea release behavior was systematically studied in water and soil. In both water and soil, the release rate of nitrogen from coated urea is much slower than that from raw urea. Raw urea was completely dissolved within 30 min, while 27% of urea was released from coated urea. The pot experiments indicated that coated urea has a positive effect on the plant growth as well. Our results provide an effective method to prepare environment-friendly SRFs, indicating a promising application in sustainable agriculture.

The solubility of sulfur S8 in toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, chlorobenzene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, HAS, benzene, cyclohexene, cyclohexane, and hexane was measured by using a gravimetric method in the temperature range between 298.15 and 363.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The solubility data of sulfur S8 in these solvents were correlated by using the van’t Hoff equation, modified Apelblat equation, and λh equation. Furthermore, the dissolution of S8 in each tested solvent is endothermic and nonspontaneous.

Isobaric vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) data were measured for three ternary systems containing ionic liquids (ILs): water + 2-propanol + 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([emim][BF4]), water + 1-propanol + [emim][BF4], and water + 1-propanol + 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF4]). The measurements were performed at P = 100 kPa and at several constant IL mass fractions. Activity coefficients of the volatile components were obtained without the need of a thermodynamic model of the liquid phase. The effect of the ILs on the relative volatility of the volatile components was depicted separately by their effect on the activity coefficients. Results of the activity coefficients showed that [emim]+ has a stronger interaction with water than [bmim]+; however, it has a weaker interaction with 1-propanol or 2-propanol. Boiling temperature data were also measured at 100 kPa for the six binary systems containing ILs. Ternary VLE data were also calculated from binary NRTL paramete...