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The patient developed progressive right heart failure with associated hepatic and renal failure requiring dialysis. Definitive therapy is surgical valve replacement but this was contraindicated in this patient due to the severe thrombocytopenia. B CONCLUSIONS: b Our patient illustrates the difficulty in determining the etiology of the thrombocytopenia. [Extracted from the article]

B INTRODUCTION: b Giant bullous emphysema, also termed the vanishing lung syndrome (VLS), is characterized by progressive bullae consuming at least one-third of a hemithorax resulting in compression of remaining lung parenchyma. A high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest revealed panlobular emphysema with bilateral apical bullae involving greater than one-third of each hemithorax, consistent with vanishing lung syndrome. B Reference #3: b Wiesel S, Siddiqui F, Khan T, Hossri S, El-Sayegh D. Vanishing Lung Syndrome: Compound Effect of Tobacco and Marijuana Use on the Development of Bullous Lung Disease - A Joint Effort. [Extracted from the article]

A computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest showed a large amount of air within the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries, consistent with massive air embolism. B DISCUSSION: b Venous air embolism can obstruct the right ventricular outflow tract or occlude the pulmonary microvasculature causing hypoxia and endothelial damage. Immediate resuscitation includes mechanical ventilation with high FiO2 and proper patient positioning; definite treatment is HBO. [Extracted from the article]

We present the case of a 77-year-old female presenting 24 days after endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm found to have renal failure, alveolar hemorrhage, peripheral and pulmonary eosinophilia and cerebrovascular accidents due to cholesterol crystal embolization who was successfully treated with supportive care, corticosteroids and therapeutic plasma exchange. Peripheral eosinophilia developed and bronchoalveolar lavage revealed pulmonary eosinophilia and alveolar hemorrhage. [Extracted from the article]