1. Variations in Vertical CO/CO2 Profiles in the Martian Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Measured by the ExoMars TGO/NOMAD: Implications of Variations in Eddy Diffusion Coefficient
- Author
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Yoshida, Nao, Nakagawa, Hiromu, Aoki, Shohei, Erwin, Justin, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Daerden, Frank, Thomas, Ian, Trompet, Loïc, Koyama, Shungo, Terada, Naoki, Neary, Lori, Murata, Isao, Villanueva, Geronimo, Liuzzi, Giuliano, Lopez‐Valverde, Miguel Angel, Brines, Adrian, Modak, Ashimananda, Kasaba, Yasumasa, Ristic, Bojan, Bellucci, Giancarlo, López‐Moreno, José Juan, Patel, Manish, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Belgian Science Policy Office, UK Space Agency, and Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
- Subjects
Geophysics ,Retrieval ,Atmospheric composition ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Mars ,Eddy diffusion coefficient ,Spectroscopy ,Mesosphere - Abstract
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited., Using the Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery instrument aboard Trace Gas Orbiter, we derived the CO/CO2 profiles between 75 and 105 km altitude with the equivalent width technique. The derived CO/CO2 profiles showed significant seasonal variations in the southern hemisphere with decreases near perihelion and increases near aphelion. The estimation of the CO/CO2 profiles with a one-dimensional photochemical model shows that an altitude-dependent eddy diffusion coefficient better reproduces the observed profiles than a vertically uniform one. Our estimation suggests that the eddy diffusion coefficient in Ls = 240–270 is uniformly larger by a factor of ∼2 than that in Ls = 90–120 in the southern hemisphere, while they are comparable in the northern hemisphere. This fact demonstrates that the eddy diffusion coefficient is variable with season and latitude. © 2022. The Authors., The NOMAD experiment is led by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA), assisted by Co-PI teams from Spain (IAA-CSIC), Italy (INAF-IAPS), and the United Kingdom (Open University). This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO), with the financial and contractual coordination by the ESA Prodex Office (PEA 4000103401, 4000121493), by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIU) and by European funds under Grants PGC2018-101836-B-I00 and ESP2017-87143-R (MINECO/FEDER), as well as by UK Space Agency through Grants ST/V002295/1, ST/V005332/1, and ST/S00145x/1 and Italian Space Agency through Grant 2018-2-HH.0. This work was supported by the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique–FNRS under Grant No. 30442502 (ET_HOME). The IAA/CSIC team acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709). US investigators were supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Canadian investigators were supported by the Canadian Space Agency. Y. N. is supported by The international Joint Graduate Program in Earth and Environmental Sciences, Tohoku University (GP-EES), and the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JP21J13710). This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Nos. 20H04605 and 19K03943.
- Published
- 2022