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Your search keyword '"Frédérique Leclerc"' showing total 3 results
Start Over Author "Frédérique Leclerc" Publisher american geophysical union (agu)
3 results on '"Frédérique Leclerc"'

1. Automatic Fault Mapping in Remote Optical Images and Topographic Data With Deep Learning

Author

Stéphane Dominguez, Isabelle Manighetti, Jacques Malavieille, Yuliya Tarabalka, Frédérique Leclerc, Jean-Michel Gaucel, Nicolas Girard, Tiziano Giampetro, Antoine Mercier, L. Matteo, Martijn van den Ende, Onur Tasar, Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Luxcarta technology [Mouans-Sartoux] (LCT), Thales Alenia Space, Geometric Modeling of 3D Environments (TITANE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Alenia Space [Toulouse] (TAS), THALES [France], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), and ANR-17-CE31-0008,FAULTS_R_GEMS,Les propriétés des failles: une clé fondamentale pour modéliser la rupture sismique et ses effets(2017)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, business.industry, Deep learning, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Pattern recognition, Complex network, [INFO.INFO-CG]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG], Fault (power engineering), 01 natural sciences, Convolutional neural network, Field (computer science), Identification (information), Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Fracture (geology), Artificial intelligence, business, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, TRACE (psycholinguistics)
Abstract

International audience; Faults form dense, complex multi‐scale networks generally featuring a master fault and myriads of smaller‐scale faults and fractures off its trace, often referred to as damage. Quantification of the architecture of these complex networks is critical to understanding fault and earthquake mechanics. Commonly, faults are mapped manually in the field or from optical images and topographic data through the recognition of the specific curvilinear traces they form at the ground surface. However, manual mapping is time‐consuming, which limits our capacity to produce complete representations and measurements of the fault networks. To overcome this problem, we have adopted a machine learning approach, namely a U‐Net Convolutional Neural Network, to automate the identification and mapping of fractures and faults in optical images and topographic data. Intentionally, we trained the CNN with a moderate amount of manually created fracture and fault maps of low resolution and basic quality, extracted from one type of optical images (standard camera photographs of the ground surface). Based on a number of performance tests, we select the best performing model, MRef, and demonstrate its capacity to predict fractures and faults accurately in image data of various types and resolutions (ground photographs, drone and satellite images and topographic data). MRef exhibits good generalization capacities, making it a viable tool for fast and accurate mapping of fracture and fault networks in image and topographic data. The MRef model can thus be used to analyze fault organization, geometry, and statistics at various scales, key information to understand fault and earthquake mechanics.

Published
2021
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2. Quantification of gravitational mass wasting and controls on submarine scarp morphology along the Roseau fault, Lesser Antilles

Author

Alex Hughes, Javier Escartín, Frédérique Leclerc, Christine Deplus, Luca C. Malatesta, Jean-Arthur Olive, Jérémy Billant, N. Feuillet, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), ANR-17-CE31-0020,SerSurF,Rupture Sismique des Faille Normales Sous-marines(2017), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Submarine, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Mass wasting, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Fault scarp, Mass mass wasting, Submarine submarine landslides, 01 natural sciences, Lesser Antillies, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Roseau Faultfault, Submarine submarine landscape evolution, 14. Life underwater, Geology, Seismology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Submarine landslide, Normal normal faults
Abstract

Due to challenges involved in mapping the seafloor at high‐resolution (e.g., < 2 m), data are lacking to understand processes that control the evolution of submarine normal fault scarps, which cover large parts of the global seafloor. Here, we use data from autonomous deep‐sea vehicles to quantify local erosion and deposition associated with a pronounced tectonic surface scarp formed by slip on the submarine Roseau normal fault (Lesser Antilles). We use high‐resolution video imagery, photomosaics, and high‐resolution bathymetry data (0.1–10 m/pixel) to identify active erosional features on the scarp including channels, steep gullies, small scarps, and debris cones. We compare volumes of erosion and deposition and find that under certain depositional conditions, debris cones effectively record the erosion signal of mass wasting from the footwall with a ratio of hanging wall deposition to footwall erosion of 0.80. We use eroded volumes to estimate earthquake‐induced landslide erosion rates for the Roseau fault of 14–46 m Ma‐1. Assuming mass wasting of the Roseau fault scarp is mostly coseismic, the erosion rates for the Roseau fault imply that submarine earthquake induced mass‐wasting can occur at similar rates to various terrestrial lithological and tectonic settings. We present a process‐based model of submarine scarp degradation via retrogressive erosion in basement lithology where scarps have a gravitational stability threshold height of 20–40 m and a long‐term average slope of 30–40°. More generally, the results presented here may be applicable to develop models of submarine landscape evolution based on degradation of normal fault scarps on the seafloor.

Published
2021
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3. Active faulting induced by slip partitioning in Montserrat and link with volcanic activity: New insights from the 2009 GWADASEIS marine cruise data

Author

Frédérique Leclerc, Nathalie Feuillet, Jean-Frédéric Lebrun, Alexandre Nercessian, Paul Tapponnier, François Beauducel, Anne Le Friant, Jean-Marie Saurel, Georges Boudon, Christine Deplus, and Valentin Clément

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Redonda, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Volcanic arc, biology, Slip (materials science), Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Fault scarp, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Seismic hazard, Volcano, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Echelon formation, 14. Life underwater, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

[1] New high-resolution marine data acquired aboard R/V Le Suroit was used to map active normal faults offshore Montserrat in greater detail. The main faults of the Montserrat-Havers fault zone have cumulative scarps up to 200 m high, and offset sedimentary layers by hundreds of meters. They are arranged in a right-stepping, en echelon, trans-tensional array, which confirms that they accommodate the left-lateral component of motion resulting from slip partitioning of oblique convergence along the volcanic arc. They cut across Montserrat's recent volcanic complex. Faulting and fissuring exerted control on the position of andesitic domes, which are aligned along the N110°E average fault trend. The ≈10 km-long fault segments that cross the island could produce damaging, M ≈ 6 events comparable to the shallow, 16 March 1985, Mw∼6.3 earthquake that ruptured a submarine, N140°E striking, left-lateral fault near Redonda.

Published
2010
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