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Freezer and refrigeration plants are among the highest consumers of electric energy because they must provide sufficient cooling capacity. At present, the technical standard for design, the European document for the technical approval of EOTA and the recommendations of refrigeration and logistics associations have to be applied to this area in the conditions of the Czech Republic. The recommendations focus on efficient energy consumption, targeting energy fuels, reducing CO2 emissions, which helps to suppress global warming as a result of climate change. The paper demonstrates the degree of energy savings by numerical modeling due to the shielding of solar radiation acting on the perimeter cladding by structural modification of the outer overhanging façade with a ventilated air layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Day after day the climate change due to global warming converts large areas into arid or semi-arid areas covered with sand dunes and establishing geotechnical structures on it becomes much more difficult. In this paper effect of the addition of two natural materials (bentonite and kaolinite) individually on several engineering properties of dune sand was investigated. Standard compaction, direct shear, and oedometer tests were made and a finite element model of a shallow strip footing was built by the PLAXIS 2D software based on those experimental results. It was found that both bentonite and kaolinite enhanced the dune sand behavior under a shallow strip footing but the bentonite was more effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is an Agriculture based country and about 60% of the population depends on agriculture for their living. But there is a substantiable reduction in agricultural production has happened due to unstable climate conditions and global warming. Indian farmers are always lacking the support of advanced technologies for improving and maximizing their yield. If they get explicit information about soil type, nutrients, pH value, changes in climatic factors, previous year yield etc., they can optimize their work and yield. With the advancement of machine learning, big data analytics and cloud computing technologies, the climate and crop yield can be got predicted to the farmers. Prediction of yield in advance can help the farmers to take corrective decisions about fertilization, storage and marketing to increase their production and revenue. A huge number of studies have been conducted worldwide, on agriculture sector for the prediction of crop yield, plant diseases etc. This paper presents a brief study of different researches in India on crop yield prediction based on Machine Learning and deep learning. Most of the researchers used environmental parameters like temperature, rainfall and soil type as the main features for prediction. A number of machine learning algorithms are employed in this field and it is really a complex task to identify the best algorithm. The researchers tried to accurately predict the crop yield and thereby suggesting ways to improve production and efficient use of fertilizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to increasing concentrations of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the problem of climate change due to global warming is becoming biggest concern. According to latest report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is indicated that to constraint warming at 1.5 oC, global anthropogenic CO2 emissions would need to minimized by 45% till 2030 from 2010 levels and become net zero by 2050. One way to do this is by reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The promising technology which could reduce CO2 concentrations from the atmosphere is the CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technology. The CCS technology involves the method of capturing effluent CO2 emitted on large scale from sources like power stations and prevent it from entering into atmosphere. Further, the captured CO2 is stored in subsurface geological formations from where it is transported to the desired site through pipelines, ships etc. for industrial and Enhanced Oil Recovery process (EOR). Low level of experience and awareness about technology in society negatively impact the successful deployment CCS projects. It is recognized that renewable power (such as wind, solar, etc.) represents only one element of technologies that will be required to deliver a technically and economically feasible energy system. In this context, CCS is known to play a vital role, providing significant value through flexible operation. However, despite of wide applications and its technical advantages, CCS has not yet been implemented on a larger scale with the ambitions formed a decade ago. This paper aims to review the importance of CCS projects in the global scenario by understanding various advantages that this technology offers to the people and various factors like environmental, technical, social and economic factors affecting the implementation of CCS technology which will describe the feasibility of this technology on a larger scale in the particular region about which was thought nearly a decade ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Debates on the role of coral reefs, whether as a carbon source or carbon sink, started in the early 1990s. These debates continue until today, especially with the increasing concern of global climate change and global warming. Although several studies have been done to calculate the flux of pCO2 between reefs and the atmosphere, there is no clear evidence whether the coral reef is a source or sink. This paper reviews the development of studies of carbon flux of reefs, with how pCO2 is different in several reef type habitats and assess if geographical latitude of reef affected the flux of CO2. In general, coral reefs act as a carbon source to the atmosphere. However, this role depends on the habitat type of reef, whether they are coral-dominated or algal-dominated reef. The geographical location of reefs may also affect CO2 flux between reefs and the atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to increase in earth's average temperature global warming is evident in recent decades. Because of this climate change phenomenon, world's mean surface temperature lifted by 0.6°C in the course of twentieth century. Present paper tries to investigate the influence of global warming on meteorological parameters for high altitude region Ooty, Tamil Nadu by segregating/analyzing the data collected from Indian Meteorological Department, Chennai for past three decades. With the help of statistical analysis such as Descriptive Analysis and Correlation Co-efficient Analysis, recent annual/seasonal warming trends are computed in the context of climate change. Also, the ratios are used to identify the impacts of temperature difference on other meteorological parameters by utilizing Statistical Package for Social Sciences (ver. 14.0) software. Finally, variations in Rainfall and runoff are calculated with reference to the differences in annual temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the traditional power sector hindered by fuel shortage and climate changes, the promotion of green energy becomes the most prioritized objective of the government. The ministry's move becomes significant because conversion to cleaner energy sources is the best way to minimize global warming and to reenergize the global economy. Among the available alternative gaseous fuels, acetylene caters to these needs because of its property similarities with hydrogen. In this research, the suitability of acetylene as an engine fuel is analyzed. Also, the production methods, combustion properties, abnormal combustion, and safety issues were discussed. This review paper describes about the various possible modes of fuel induction techniques to be adopted. The research establishes the utility of acetylene as a commercial fuel for internal combustion engines in the future years by the adoption of suitable methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is intended as a brief introduction to climate adaptation in a conference devoted otherwise to the physics of sustainable energy. Whereas mitigation involves measures to reduce the probability of a potential event, such as climate change, adaptation refers to actions that lessen the impact of climate change. Mitigation and adaptation differ in other ways as well. Adaptation does not necessarily have to be implemented immediately to be effective; it only needs to be in place before the threat arrives. Also, adaptation does not necessarily require global, coordinated action; many effective adaptation actions can be local. Some urban communities, because of land-use change and the urban heat-island effect, currently face changes similar to some expected under climate change, such as changes in water availability, heatrelated morbidity, or changes in disease patterns. Concern over those impacts might motivate the implementation of measures that would also help in climate adaptation, despite skepticism among some policy makers about anthropogenic global warming. Studies of ancient civilizations in the southwestern US lends some insight into factors that may or may not be important to successful adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global warming and climate change are two of our major problems in this decade. Local impacts of global warming need to be investigated since it depends on local conditions. Understanding variability of local weather especially surface air temperature requires many observations, not only periodic but also covers large area. In this paper, we report our progress in developing low cost miniature data loggers for temperature measurements. The data loggers are based on microcontrollers ATMega8L and 10 kΩ thermistors. Calibration results in laboratory and in field have indicated that the temperature obtained by data loggers shows good agreement with thermometer readings. It is found that errors of temperature measurements are less than 0.3 °C. We have performed preliminary temperature measurements in Lombok Island using twenty data loggers for about one week duration. Temperature variation in Lombok shows localized temperature distribution that is affected by position and topography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]