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Based on the analogy between resistor–capacitor (RC) filters and the thermoelastic component of a photoacoustic signal, the complex thermoelastic response of an open photoacoustic cell is described as a simple linear time-invariant system of a low-pass RC filter. This description is done by finding a linear relation between the thermoelastic cut-off frequency and sample material thickness within the range of 10–1000 μm. Based on the theory of a composite piston, we run numerical simulations of the proposed method for n-type silicon, described as either a surface or volume absorber. Theoretical predictions are experimentally validated by using an open photoacoustic cell setup to record the signal of an 850-μm-thick n-type silicon wafer illuminated by a blue light source modulated with frequencies from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. The obtained experimental results confirm the linear dependence of the thermoelastic cut-off frequency on the sample thickness, and, therefore, they lay the foundation of a new method for the thermal characterization of materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The airflow generated noise inside a simple expansion chamber muffler is predicted by combining large eddy simulation and Morhing acoustic analogy in the present work, and a good agreement is observed between the prediction and measurement. Research indicates that wall pressure fluctuations are dominated by hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations at the distance of first three pipe diameters in the outlet pipe, and wall pressure fluctuations at the distance of six pipe diameters downstream are dominated by sound pressure fluctuations. The airflow generated noise is mainly attributed to the vortex generated by structural change in the muffler, and one observes strong influences at the longitudinal resonance frequency and antiresonance frequency of the expansion chamber. In addition, the effects of expansion chamber lengths, extensions of inlet/outlet, filleted structure, conical tube, and perforated tube on airflow generated noise are studied. Predicted results show that the filleted structure, conical tube, and perforated tube structure may reduce the airflow generated noise effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a theoretical study of a periodic vibrating string composed of a finite sequence of string segments connected periodically, with each segment characterized by a constant linear mass density. The main purpose is to provide a model that can mimic the properties of photonic or phononic crystals. This system displays frequency intervals for which wave propagation is not allowed (frequency bandgaps), in close analogy to photonic and phononic crystals. We discuss the behavior of these bandgaps when varying physical parameters, such as the values of the linear mass densities, the oscillation frequency, and the number of string segments constituting the entire system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The LIGO analogy lab [Am. J. Phys. 87, 44 (2019)] includes a complicated pair of circuits to sense and control the length of an optical cavity. This Note describes an alternate, Arduino-based controller that is significantly less complex and easier to troubleshoot. The LIGO analogy lab [Am. J. Phys. 87, 44 (2019)] includes advanced experiments in which op-amp-based mixing and feedback circuits are used to lock the length of an optical cavity using heterodyne detection. This Note describes an alternate, Arduino-based controller that implements the heterodyning technique in a significantly less complex and easier to troubleshoot manner. This simplified approach makes the advanced LIGO analog experiments accessible to a wider audience in advanced instructional and optics laboratory courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photoion–photoion coincidence (PIPICO) is a simple and effective approach for the selection of correlated fragments in a specific dissociating channel in molecules. We propose here a charge-encoded multi-photoion coincidence (cMUPICO) method, in analogy to traditional PIPICO, however in which the charge of individual fragments is taken into account. The cMUPICO method allows for clearly displaying coincident channels for dissociation channels containing three more fragments with unequal charge states, invisible in the traditional PIPICO. As a demonstration, three-body fragmentation dynamics of CO2 in strong IR laser fields is analyzed, and 11 dissociation channels are effectively identified, five of which are first found with cMUPICO. The present results show that cMUPICO is a powerful and practical tool for distinguishing various dissociation channels with multiply charged multi-photoions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A clear comprehension of the oscillatory nature of sound for acoustics undergraduate students is of paramount importance. In this paper, two online experiments were implemented to aid teaching of the oscillatory nature of sound through the analogy between a mechanical mass-spring model and a Helmholtz resonator. The study was conducted among undergraduate students taking a science course in the Electronic and Electrical Engineering career curriculum. These in-class experiments were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic via the Zoom platform. Students measured the Helmholtz resonant frequency of a plastic bottle with a smartphone application and compared its oscillatory behavior with that of a conventional harmonic oscillator under a professor–student collaborative environment. The results of this study suggest that, with careful experiment design, students can effectively benefit from the use of common technology tools, which, in turn, poses these methodologies as a rather satisfactory alternative to face-to-face laboratory sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ammonium fluoride, NH4F, is often seen as an analog to ice, with several of its solid phases closely resembling known ice phases. While its ionic and hydrogen-ordered nature puts topological constraints on the ice-like network structures it can form, it is not clear what consequences these constraints have for NH4F compound formation and evolution. Here, we explore computationally the reach and eventual limits of the ice analogy for ammonium fluoride. By combining data mining of known and hypothetical ice networks with crystal structure prediction and density functional calculations, we explore the high-pressure phase diagram of NH4F and host–guest compounds of its hydrides. Pure NH4F departs from ice-like behavior above 80 GPa with the emergence of close-packed ionic structures. The predicted stability of NH4F hydrides shows that NH4F can act as a host to small guest species, albeit in a topologically severely constraint configuration space. Finally, we explore the binary NH3–HF chemical space, where we find candidate structures for several unsolved polyfluoride phases; among them is the chemical analog to H2O2 dihydrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anomaly cancellation is at the basis of the perturbative consistence of the Standard Model, and it provides a partial explanation of charge quantization. We consider an effective electroweak theory on a lattice, with a quartic interaction describing the weak forces and an interaction with the e.m. field. We prove the validity of the anomaly cancellation at a non-perturbative level and with a finite lattice cutoff, even if the lattice breaks some important symmetries, on which perturbative arguments for the cancellation are based. The method of the proof has analogies with the one adopted for establishing the universality in transport of quantum materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine the possibility of artificial Hawking radiation by proposing a non- PT -symmetric weakly pseudo-Hermitian two-band model containing a tilting parameter by pursuing Weyl semimetal blackhole analogy. We determine the tunneling probability using such a Hamiltonian through the event horizon that acts as a classically forbidden barrier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been shown [H. Chaté et al., Phys. Rev. E 77, 046113 (2008) and F. Ginelli, Eur. Phys. J.: Spec. Top. 225, 2099 (2016)] that the hydrodynamic equations of dry active polar fluids (i.e., moving flocks without momentum conservation) imply giant number fluctuations. Specifically, the rms fluctuations ⟨ (δ N) 2 ⟩ of the number N of active particles in a region containing a mean number of active particles ⟨N⟩ scale according to the law ⟨ (δ N) 2 ⟩ = K ′ ⟨ N ⟩ ϕ (d) with ϕ (d) = 7 10 + 1 5 d in d ≤ 4 spatial dimensions. This is much larger than the "law of large numbers" scaling ⟨ (δ N) 2 ⟩ = K ⟨ N ⟩ found in most equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems. In this paper, it is demonstrated that giant number fluctuations also depend singularly on the shape of the box in which one counts the particles, vanishing in the limit of very thin and very fat boxes. These fluctuations arise not from large density fluctuations—indeed, the density fluctuations in polar ordered dry active fluids are not in general particularly large—but from long ranged spatial correlations between those fluctuations. These are shown to be closely related in two spatial dimensions to the electrostatic potential near a sharp upward pointing conducting wedge of opening angle 3 π 4 = 135 ° and in three dimensions to the electrostatic potential near a sharp upward pointing charged cone of opening angle 37.16°. This very precise prediction can be stringently tested by alternative box counting experiments that directly measure the direction dependence, as well as the scaling with distance, of the density-density correlation function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The consistent interpretation of the equilibrium and simplest transport properties of diluted liquid electrolytes, the normal and cryogenic ones, by analogy with the observed consequences of electron-hole statistics in crystalline semiconductors is proposed. The consideration is based on the micro characteristics of individual charged clusters, introduced phenomenologically, such as their energies, effective masses, etc. The possibilities of extracting these parameters from the available experimental data are discussed in detail. This is crucial for explaining the very possibility of the statistical consideration of what is unfolding in electrolytes. A deep analogy between the statistics of electrolytes and that of solid-state semiconductors is noted. Its presence is the basis of the phenomenology being developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We review some recent results from the mathematical theory of transport of charge and spin in gapped crystalline quantum systems. The emphasis will be on transport coefficients, such as conductivities and conductances. As for the former, those are computed as appropriate expectations of current operators in a non-equilibrium almost-stationary state (NEASS), which arises from the perturbation of an equilibrium state by an external electric field. While for charge transport the usual double-commutator Kubo formula is recovered (also beyond linear response), we obtain formulas for appropriately defined spin conductivities, which are still explicit but more involved. Certain "Kubo-like" terms in these formulas are also shown to agree with the corresponding contributions to the spin conductance. In addition to that, we employ similar techniques to show a new result, namely that even in systems with non-conserved spin, there is no generation of spin torque, that is, the spin torque operator has an expectation in the NEASS which vanishes faster than any power of the intensity of the perturbing field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acoustic attenuation inside the bandgaps is, together with the bandgap width, a fundamental design parameter for phononic-crystal-based systems. We discuss approximate expressions for the maximum attenuation inside the bandgaps of one-dimensional longitudinal phononic crystals and its dependence on the acoustic contrast and the fractional bandwidth. We provide different approximations at small and large fractional bandwidths, computed from the trace of the transmission matrix of the crystal elementary cell. We show that, for relatively small gaps, the attenuation is roughly proportional to the fractional bandwidth, in analogy with the flexural case. For larger gaps, a large attenuation can be obtained only for high (and possibly impractical) acoustic contrasts. Approximate expressions are validated through comparison with FEM results. We also derive asymptotic upper limits for the bandgap borders and show that high contrasts do not necessarily lead to wide bandgaps, a fact connected to geometrical phase inversion for the acoustic wave in the crystal. We finally compare the attenuation of flexural and longitudinal waves at a fixed fractional bandwidth and derive regions of optimum attenuation for the two propagation modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electro-mechano-acoustical (EMA) analogy, introduced in the early 1900s, allows for the modeling of mechanical, acoustical, and EMA devices and systems using schematics of basic electrical elements, making possible the application of the well-established electrical network theory for studying, designing, and characterizing complex systems. By means of this elegant modeling, the behavior of intrinsically heterogeneous devices, such as microphones and loudspeaker drivers and systems, can be explained in each of the three domains and the mutual interactions between the electrical, mechanical, and acoustical parts can be precisely predicted. However, an open issue remains still unsolved: in all publications and textbooks, the EMA analogy has been always introduced only from the formal similarity of the equations describing the physical laws that regulate the basic EMA elements and a lack of insight into its physical fundamentals can be remarked. In this paper, an investigation on the existence of physical origins of the correspondences and similarities between the quantities and the laws describing the elements of electrical, mechanical, and acoustical domains is proposed and discussed. Historical research on the birth of EMA analogy theory with the fundamental contributions on its development given by the scientists and engineers is presented as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of analogies is a well-known teaching strategy to bridge unfamiliar and familiar concepts. However, analogies may become ineffective if the familiar concept is not familiar anymore. For example, this may occur when we describe rotational sense as clockwise and counterclockwise, assuming students know how to read a clock with hour and minute hands. To what extent is this assumption correct? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on an analogy to critical phenomena, it was shown that the Nikuradse turbulent friction factor (ft) measurements in pipes of radius R and wall roughness r can be collapsed onto a one-dimensional curve expressed as a conveyance law f t R e 1 / 4 = g o (χ) , where Re is the bulk Reynolds number and χ = R e 3 / 4 (r / R) . The implicit function g o (.) was conjectured based on matching two asymptotic limits of ft. However, the connection between g o (.) and the phenomenon it proclaims to represent—turbulent eddies—remains lacking. Using models for the wall-normal velocity spectrum and return-to-isotropy for pressure–strain effects to close a co-spectral density budget, a derivation of g o (.) is offered. The proposed method explicitly derives the solution for the conveyance law and provides a physical interpretation of χ as a dimensionless length scale reflecting the competition between the viscous sublayer thickness and characteristic height of roughness elements. Applications of the proposed method to other published measurements spanning roughness and Reynolds numbers beyond the original Nikuradse range are further discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of Dynamical Diseases provides a framework to understand physiological control systems in pathological states due to their operating in an abnormal range of control parameters: this allows for the possibility of a return to normal condition by a redress of the values of the governing parameters. The analogy with bifurcations in dynamical systems opens the possibility of mathematically modeling clinical conditions and investigating possible parameter changes that lead to avoidance of their pathological states. Since its introduction, this concept has been applied to a number of physiological systems, most notably cardiac, hematological, and neurological. A quarter century after the inaugural meeting on dynamical diseases held in Mont Tremblant, Québec [Bélair et al., Dynamical Diseases: Mathematical Analysis of Human Illness (American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, NY, 1995)], this Focus Issue offers an opportunity to reflect on the evolution of the field in traditional areas as well as contemporary data-based methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We discuss the realization of a magnonic version of the STImulated-Raman-Adiabatic-Passage (m-STIRAP) mechanism using micromagnetic simulations. We consider the propagation of magnons in curved magnonic directional couplers. Our results demonstrate that quantum-classical analogy phenomena are accessible in magnonics. Specifically, the inherent advantages of the STIRAP mechanism, associated with dark states, can now be utilized in magnonics. Applications of this effect for future magnonic device functionalities and designs are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transfer of mean momentum from surface gravity waves to Eulerian mean fluxes is investigated by modeling the total wave momentum (the Stokes flux) as a thin surface layer moving with the phase speed c of the waves and with a thickness Z derived from the divergence effect. The bulk of the fluid receiving momentum from the waves is modeled by a rigid lower layer acted upon by the virtual wave stress, where the latter is related to the form stress from the wind and the time rate of change in Z through −cdZ/dt. In addition, the effects of surface wind and bottom stress are included in the model. Through the combination with measurements, this robust model may yield information about the Eulerian fluxes when the ocean surface is covered by a combination of ice and oil, and the constitutive equations for the surface cover are not easily obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reasoning by analogy is powerful in physics for students and researchers alike, a case in point being electronics and hydraulics as analogous studies of electric currents and fluid flows. Around 100 years ago, Nikola Tesla proposed a flow control device intended to operate similarly to an electronic diode, allowing fluid to pass easily in one direction but providing high resistance in reverse. Here, we use experimental tests of Tesla's diode to illustrate principles of the electronic-hydraulic analogy. We design and construct a differential pressure chamber (akin to a battery) that is used to measure flow rate (current) and thus resistance of a given pipe or channel (circuit element). Our results prove the validity of Tesla's device, whose anisotropic resistance derives from its asymmetric internal geometry interacting with high-inertia flows, as quantified by the Reynolds number (here, Re ∼ 10 3 ). Through the design and testing of new fluidic diodes, we explore the limitations of the analogy and the challenges of shape optimization in fluid mechanics. We also provide materials that may be incorporated into lesson plans for fluid dynamics courses, laboratory modules, and further research projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Reynolds analogy for the fluid flow past a flat plate at zero incidence is considered. For viscous incompressible fluid, we show that at any positive Eckert number, the Reynolds analogy as a function of the Prandtl number has a maximum. For a rarefied gas flow, we investigate the extended Reynolds analogy, i.e., the relation between the shear stress and the energy flux transferred to the plate using the direct simulation Monte Carlo method. We find that the extended Reynolds analogy for a supersonic monatomic rarefied gas flow with the temperature of the undisturbed gas equal to the surface temperature depends weakly on the Knudsen number, it is close to 0.5. We show that the extended Reynolds analogy for supersonic gas flow depends on the plate velocity and temperature and undisturbed gas temperature mainly via the Knudsen and Eckert numbers. We generalize the extended Reynolds analogy. The generalized Reynolds analogy depends on the Knudsen number much more than on the Eckert number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raised menisci around small discs positioned to pull up a water-air interface provide a highly controllable experimental setup capable of reproducing much of the rich phenomenology of gravitational lensing (or microlensing) by n-body clusters. Results are shown for single, binary, and triple mass systems. The scheme represents a versatile testbench for the (astro)physics of general relativity's gravitational lens effects, including high multiplicity imaging of extended sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We theoretically investigate the potentiality of dual phononic-photonic (the so-called phoxonic) crystals for liquid sensing applications. We study the transmission through a two-dimensional (2D) crystal made of infinite cylindrical holes in a silicon substrate, where one row of holes oriented perpendicular to the propagation direction is filled with a liquid. The infiltrated holes may have a different radius than the regular holes. We show, in the defect structure, the existence of welldefined features (peaks or dips) in the transmission spectra of acoustic and optical waves and estimate their sensitivity to the sound and light velocity of the analyte. Some of the geometrical requirements behave in opposite directions when searching for an efficient sensing of either sound or light velocities. Hence, a compromise in the choice of the parameters may become necessary in making the phoxonic sensor. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the principle of permutational duality as well as the analogical approach of both electrical and magnetic dipoles, it is possible to obtain a new relativistic magnetic type vector potential of an arbitrarily moving electric point dipole. The specific cases of the magnetic vector potential in the calculation of fields have been considered, and the obtained results have been compared with the research of other scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resistance in neuromorphic nanowire networks can be decreased when activated by voltage as multiple pathways of low resistance interconnected nanowires form, increasing nanowire to nanowire connectivity. We show that high connectivity regions are retained for a few minutes after the energy source is switched off. We have used this property to devise an associative device. With a multielectrode array, we send current through the network to connect together areas that are spatially associated with a given electrode combination forming a pattern. We correctly retrieve the stored patterns by passing a small current through the network at a later time even when we input a faulty or incomplete pattern as the network groups stored patterns into cluster of high associativity, in analogy with semantic memory association in the human brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A non-perturbative analysis for the study non-axisymmetric (3D) effects on the linear ion-temperature-gradient driven mode is introduced. Perturbations and equilibria are considered to be global on the flux surface, yet radially local. The analysis is valid for systems arbitrarily far from axisymmetry. It is found that finite Larmor radius effects can suppress the global (on the surface) instability, in analogy with the local analysis but shift its poloidal location from the position of the greatest local instability. Fourier spectra of the instability whose width grow for increasingly non-axisymmetric systems are predicted. Results are in qualitative agreement with numerical global (on the surface) gyrokinetic simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The surveillance of nuclear tests relies on the seismic network and the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data. Using the surface displacements such as subsidence craters caused by a nuclear test is an effective tool to monitor and estimate source characteristics of nuclear tests. In this study, based on the scaling laws of the process of subsidence crater formation, we developed an explosive model test in a vacuum chamber using the yield and buried depth estimated by Wang et al. to simulate the surface subsidence zone and collapse the crater associated with the 3 September 2017 North Korean nuclear test, and compared with their research results. The explosive simulation apparatus independently developed by the Army Engineering University of PLA is also introduced. The simulated results indicate that the radii of the subsidence zone and collapse crater are ∼257 m and ∼154 m, respectively, which are close to the empirical formula and InSAR observations. The explosive model test in a vacuum chamber could help to characterize the surface displacements induced by nuclear tests and provide an effective method for nuclear monitoring and characterization around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We extend the key notion of Martin-Löf randomness for infinite bit sequences to the quantum setting, where the sequences become states of an infinite dimensional system. We prove that our definition naturally extends the classical case. In analogy with the Levin-Schnorr theorem, we work toward characterizing quantum ML-randomness of states by incompressibility (in the sense of quantum Turing machines) of all initial segments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose that supercoiling energizes double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) so as to facilitate thermal fluctuations to an unzipped state. We support this with a model of two elastic rods coupled via forces that represent base-pair interactions. Supercoiling is shown to lead to a distention of base pairs over a short span of dsDNA. This enhances the thermal probability for their disruption. The localized region of distention is analogous to a soliton. Our theory permits the development of an analogy between the unzipping transition and a second-order phase transition, for which the possibility of a new set of critical exponents is identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photoelectric effect consists of electrons emerging from the region near the inner surface of a metallic solid toward the outside vacuum, when the metal surface is illuminated. The effect depends on the frequency of the light waves and the properties of the metal surface. In particular, a minimum or "threshold" frequency of light is necessary to produce the effect in each metal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Choice in the behavior of organisms involves novelty, which may be unpredictable. Yet in retrospect, we can usually provide a rationale for the choice. A deterministic view of life cannot explain this. The solution to this paradox is that organisms can harness stochasticity through which they can generate many possible solutions to environmental challenges. They must then employ a comparator to find the solution that fits the challenge. What therefore is unpredictable in prospect can become comprehensible in retrospect. Harnessing stochastic and/or chaotic processes is essential to the ability of organisms to have agency and to make choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research in physics teaching has supported the use of analogies as an effective instructional tool that can be used to facilitate students' understanding of physics concepts. The effectiveness of analogies lies in that they allow students to form cognitive links between what they already know and what they are learning, harmoniously integrating, in this way, the new physics concepts into their existing knowledge. In this paper, it is suggested that analogies could be extended to provide physics teachers with a diagnostic form of assessment that can reveal both the misconceptions their students may hold, the prior knowledge upon which such misconceptions are based, as well as knowledge sources that can be productively used in the teaching process. This suggestion arises from the findings of a cross-age study in which students, from five different age groups, were asked to make predictions about a range of situations they had not previously encountered (novel situations) and explain the reasons that led them to make those predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a spatiotemporal dynamical system model (tree model) is utilized for investigating the features of forced and unforced turbulence in a dispersed phase two-phase system. The tree model includes a variable for spatial dimension in addition to variables of wavenumber and time, which display both spatial and temporal intermittencies. The focus of this paper is to study the turbulence modulation due to the presence of rigid particles. The study considers particles with the sizes of 32, 64, and 128 times the Kolmogorov length scale. Specifically, the study of the energy dissipation rate (EDR) at the particle-fluid interface is considered. Two models, namely, A and B with different types of interaction connections between nearby shells, are used first to compare the results of the particle-laden case with decaying turbulence. The number of tree connections in the model is found to affect the amount of augmentation of EDR near the particle surface. Model B is studied further with different sizes of particles in forced turbulence cases and compared to the unladen case with the same parameters. Also, the model expression is studied in the forced turbulence case of dual particles separated by given distances. The results of spatiotemporal shell models provide new approach of handling high Reynolds turbulence in dispersed phase multiphase systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Https://www.youtube.com/c/SteveMould https://tinyurl.com/WS-atomictrampoline https://tinyurl.com/WS-mouldspintronics https://upperstory.com/spintronics/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spintronics Steve Mould's recent video analyzes bouncing a ball bearing on an expensive and still quite rare slab of amorphous noncrystalline metal alloy glass (explained in the video, with links to other related videos). Along the way, Steve manages to explore various bearings, the effects of air resistance, coefficient of restitution, metallic lattices, elastic and plastic deformations, and models of metallic plasticity and ductility by lattice defect mobility, and references his video on heat treatment/annealing of metals. [Extracted from the article]

Students may have some confusion understanding certain physical concepts and principles because of their abstract nature. Using analogies is one of the useful methods to help them more easily grasp abstract concepts to promote conceptual understanding. Bilaloğlu classified analogies in four groups: (a) simple analogies, (b) storified analogies, (c) gamified analogies, and (d) analogies made with painting. In storified analogies, it is attempted to teach an event, phenomenon, concept, or principle by using an oral or written story. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]