132 results on '"Hill, J."'
Search Results
2. BasisOpt: A Python package for quantum chemistry basis set optimization.
- Author
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Shaw, Robert A. and Hill, J. Grant
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QUANTUM efficiency , *STANDARDIZED tests , *QUANTUM chemistry , *DATA visualization - Abstract
The accuracy and efficiency of molecular quantum chemical calculations depend critically on the basis set used. However, the development of novel basis sets is hindered because much of the literature relies on the use of opaque processes and tools that are not publicly available. We present here BasisOpt, a tool for the automated optimization of basis sets with an easy-to-use framework. It features an open and accessible workflow for basis set optimization that can be easily adapted to almost any quantum chemistry program, a standardized approach to testing basis sets, and visualization of both the optimized basis sets and the optimization process. We provide examples of usage in realistic basis set optimization scenarios where: (i) a density fitting basis set is optimized for He, Ne, and Ar; (ii) the exponents of the def2-SVP basis are re-optimized for a set of molecules rather than atoms; and (iii) a large, almost saturated basis of sp primitives is automatically reduced to (10s5p) while achieving the lowest energy for such a basis set composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
3. Correlation consistent basis sets for explicitly correlated wavefunctions: Pseudopotential-based basis sets for the group 11 (Cu, Ag, Au) and 12 (Zn, Cd, Hg) elements.
- Author
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Hill, J. Grant and Shaw, Robert A.
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DIATOMIC molecules , *COUPLED-cluster theory , *ANGULAR momentum (Mechanics) , *HEAVY metals , *PSEUDOPOTENTIAL method - Abstract
New correlation consistent basis sets for the group 11 (Cu, Ag, Au) and 12 (Zn, Cd, Hg) elements have been developed specifically for use in explicitly correlated F12 calculations. This includes orbital basis sets for valence only (cc-pVnZ-PP-F12, n = D, T, Q) and outer core–valence (cc-pCVnZ-PP-F12) correlation, along with both of these augmented with additional high angular momentum diffuse functions. Matching auxiliary basis sets required for density fitting and resolution-of-the-identity approaches to conventional and F12 integrals have also been optimized. All of the basis sets are to be used in conjunction with small-core relativistic pseudopotentials [Figgen et al., Chem. Phys. 311, 227 (2005)]. The accuracy of the basis sets is determined through benchmark calculation at the explicitly correlated coupled-cluster level of theory for various properties of atoms and diatomic molecules. The convergence of the properties with respect to the basis set is dramatically improved compared to conventional coupled-cluster calculations, with cc-pVTZ-PP-F12 results close to conventional estimates of the complete basis set limit. The patterns of convergence are also greatly improved compared to those observed from the use of conventional correlation consistent basis sets in F12 calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
4. A self-locking Rydberg atom electric field sensor.
- Author
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Fancher, C. T., Nicolich, K. L., Backes, K. M., Malvania, N., Cox, K., Meyer, D. H., Kunz, P. D., Hill, J. C., Holland, W., and Schmittberger Marlow, B. L.
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RYDBERG states ,OPTICAL resonators ,ATOMIC transitions ,DETECTORS ,ACQUISITION of data - Abstract
A crucial step toward enabling real-world applications for quantum sensing devices such as Rydberg atom electric field sensors is reducing their size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C) requirements without significantly reducing performance. Laser frequency stabilization is a key part of many quantum sensing devices and, when used for exciting non-ground state atomic transitions, is currently limited to techniques that require either large SWaP-C optical cavities and electronics or use significant optical power solely for frequency stabilization. Here, we describe a laser frequency stabilization technique for exciting non-ground state atomic transitions that solves these challenges and requires only a small amount of additional electronics. We describe the operation, capabilities, and limitations of this frequency stabilization technique and quantitatively characterize its performance. We show experimentally that Rydberg electric field sensors using this technique are capable of data collection while sacrificing only 0.1% of available bandwidth for frequency stabilization of noise up to 900 Hz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Gaussian basis sets for use in correlated molecular calculations. XI. Pseudopotential-based and all-electron relativistic basis sets for alkali metal (K-Fr) and alkaline earth (Ca-Ra) elements.
- Author
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Hill, J. Grant and Peterson, Kirk A.
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ALKALINE earth metals , *MOLECULAR orbitals , *ALKALINE earth oxides , *ELECTRON configuration , *GAUSSIAN function - Abstract
New correlation consistent basis sets based on pseudopotential (PP) Hamiltonians have been developed from double- to quintuple-zeta quality for the late alkali (K-Fr) and alkaline earth (Ca-Ra) metals. These are accompanied by new all-electron basis sets of double- to quadruple-zeta quality that have been contracted for use with both Douglas-Kroll-Hess (DKH) and eXact 2-Component (X2C) scalar relativistic Hamiltonians. Sets for valence correlation (ms), cc-pVnZ-PP and cc-pVnZ- (DK,DK3/X2C), in addition to outer-core correlation [valence + (m-1)sp], cc-p(w)CVnZ-PP and cc-pwCVnZ-(DK,DK3/X2C), are reported. The-PP sets have been developed for use with smallcore PPs [I. S. Lim et al., J. Chem. Phys. 122, 104103 (2005) and I. S. Lim et al., J. Chem. Phys. 124, 034107 (2006)], while the all-electron sets utilized second-order DKH Hamiltonians for 4s and 5s elements and third-orderDKHfor 6s and 7s. The accuracy of the basis sets is assessed through benchmark calculations at the coupled-cluster level of theory for both atomic and molecular properties. Not surprisingly, it is found that outer-core correlation is vital for accurate calculation of the thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties of diatomic molecules containing these elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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6. Prescreening and efficiency in the evaluation of integrals over ab initio effective core potentials.
- Author
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Shaw, Robert A. and Hill, J. Grant
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COUPLED-cluster theory , *INTEGRAL equations , *QUANTUM perturbations , *SILVER clusters , *POTENTIAL theory (Physics) - Abstract
New, efficient schemes for the prescreening and evaluation of integrals over effective core potentials (ECPs) are presented. The screening is shown to give a rigorous, and close bound, to within on average 10% of the true value. A systematic rescaling procedure is given to reduce this error to approximately 0.1%. This is then used to devise a numerically stable recursive integration routine that avoids expensive quadratures. Tests with coupled clusters with single and double excitations and perturbative triple calculations on small silver clusters demonstrate that the new schemes show no loss in accuracy, while reducing both the power and prefactor of the scaling with system size. In particular, speedups of roughly 40 times can be achieved compared to quadrature-based methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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7. Correlation consistent basis sets for explicitly correlated wavefunctions: Pseudopotential-based basis sets for the post-d main group elements Ga-Rn.
- Author
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Hill, J. Grant and Peterson, Kirk A.
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STATISTICAL correlation , *BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics) , *ORGANOGALLIUM compounds , *RADON , *INTEGRALS , *ELECTRONS , *PSEUDOPOTENTIAL method - Abstract
New correlation consistent basis sets, cc-pVnZ-PP-F12 (n = D, T, Q), for all the post-d main group elements Ga-Rn have been optimized for use in explicitly correlated F12 calculations. The new sets, which include not only orbital basis sets but also the matching auxiliary sets required for density fitting both conventional and F12 integrals, are designed for correlation of valence sp, as well as the outer-core d electrons. The basis sets are constructed for use with the previously published small-core relativistic pseudopotentials of the Stuttgart-Cologne variety. Benchmark explicitly correlated coupled-cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triples [CCSD(T)-F12b] calculations of the spectroscopic properties of numerous diatomic molecules involving 4p, 5p, and 6p elements have been carried out and compared to the analogous conventional CCSD(T) results. In general the F12 results obtained with a n-zeta F12 basis set were comparable to conventional augcc- pVxZ-PP or aug-cc-pwCVxZ-PP basis set calculations obtained with x = n + 1 or even x = n + 2. The new sets used in CCSD(T)-F12b calculations are particularly efficient at accurately recovering the large correlation effects of the outer-core d electrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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8. Upgrade of the gated laser entrance hole imager G-LEH-2 on the National Ignition Facility.
- Author
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Chen, Hui, Golick, B., Palmer, N., Carpenter, A., Claus, L. D., Dayton, M., Dean, J., Durand, C., Funsten, B., Petre, R. B., Hardy, C. M., Hill, J., Holder, J., Hurd, E., Izumi, N., Kehl, J., Khan, S., Macaraeg, C., Sanchez, M. O., and Sarginson, T.
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SOFT X rays ,PARTICLE physics ,INERTIAL confinement fusion ,LASERS ,PHYSICS experiments ,SETUP time - Abstract
A major upgrade has been implemented for the ns-gated laser entrance hole imager on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to obtain high-quality data for Hohlraum physics study. In this upgrade, the single "Furi" hCMOS sensor (1024 × 448 pixel arrays with two-frame capability) is replaced with dual "Icarus" sensors (1024 × 512 pixel arrays with four-frame capability). Both types of sensors were developed by Sandia National Laboratories for high energy density physics experiments. With the new Icarus sensors, the new diagnostic provides twice the detection area with improved uniformity, wider temporal coverage, flexible timing setup, and greater sensitivity to soft x rays (<2 keV). These features, together with the fact that the diagnostic is radiation hardened and can be operated on the NIF for high neutron yield deuterium–triterium experiments, enable significantly greater return of data per experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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9. Auxiliary basis sets for density fitting second-order Mo\ller-Plesset perturbation theory: Correlation consistent basis sets for the 5d elements Hf-Pt.
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Hill, J. Grant
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BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics) , *STATISTICAL correlation , *MOLECULAR orbitals , *PSEUDOPOTENTIAL method , *TRANSITION metals , *QUANTUM perturbations , *INCOMPLETENESS theorems - Abstract
Auxiliary basis sets specifically matched to the correlation consistent cc-pVnZ-PP, cc-pwCVnZ-PP, aug-cc-pVnZ-PP, and aug-cc-pwCVnZ-PP orbital basis sets (used in conjunction with pseudopotentials) for the 5d transition metal elements Hf-Pt have been optimized for use in density fitting second-order Mo\ller-Plesset perturbation theory and other correlated ab initio methods. Calculations of the second-order Mo\ller-Plesset perturbation theory correlation energy, for a test set of small to medium sized molecules, indicate that the density fitting error when utilizing these sets is negligible at three to four orders of magnitude smaller than the orbital basis set incompleteness error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. On the effectiveness of CCSD(T) complete basis set extrapolations for atomization energies.
- Author
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Feller, David, Peterson, Kirk A., and Grant Hill, J.
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BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics) ,EXTRAPOLATION ,ATOMIZATION ,CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics) ,THERMODYNAMICS ,HEAT of formation ,ATOMIC orbitals - Abstract
The leading cause of error in standard coupled cluster theory calculations of thermodynamic properties such as atomization energies and heats of formation originates with the truncation of the one-particle basis set expansion. Unfortunately, the use of finite basis sets is currently a computational necessity. Even with basis sets of quadruple zeta quality, errors can easily exceed 8 kcal/mol in small molecules, rendering the results of little practical use. Attempts to address this serious problem have led to a wide variety of proposals for simple complete basis set extrapolation formulas that exploit the regularity in the correlation consistent sequence of basis sets. This study explores the effectiveness of six formulas for reproducing the complete basis set limit. The W4 approach was also examined, although in lesser detail. Reference atomization energies were obtained from standard coupled-cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples (CCSD(T)) calculations involving basis sets of 6ζ or better quality for a collection of 141 molecules. In addition, a subset of 51 atomization energies was treated with explicitly correlated CCSD(T)-F12b calculations and very large basis sets. Of the formulas considered, all proved reliable at reducing the one-particle expansion error. Even the least effective formulas cut the error in the raw values by more than half, a feat requiring a much larger basis set without the aid of extrapolation. The most effective formulas cut the mean absolute deviation by a further factor of two. Careful examination of the complete body of statistics failed to reveal a single choice that out performed the others for all basis set combinations and all classes of molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Calibration study of the CCSD(T)-F12a/b methods for C2 and small hydrocarbons.
- Author
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Feller, David, Peterson, Kirk A., and Hill, J. Grant
- Subjects
CALIBRATION ,HYDROCARBONS ,EXTRAPOLATION ,MOLECULAR dynamics ,BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics) ,ATOMIZATION ,QUANTUM theory - Abstract
Explicitly correlated CCSD(T)-F12a/b methods combined with basis sets specifically designed for this technique have been tested for their ability to reproduce standard CCSD(T) benchmark data covering 16 small molecules composed of hydrogen and carbon. The standard method calibration set was obtained with very large one-particle basis sets, including some aug-cc-pV7Z and aug-cc-pV8Z results. Whenever possible, the molecular properties (atomization energies, structures, and harmonic frequencies) were extrapolated to the complete basis set limit in order to facilitate a direct comparison of the standard and explicitly correlated approaches without ambiguities arising from the use of different basis sets. With basis sets of triple-ζ quality or better, the F12a variant was found to overshoot the presumed basis set limit, while the F12b method converged rapidly and uniformly. Extrapolation of F12b energies to the basis set limit was found to be very effective at reproducing the best standard method atomization energies. Even extrapolations based on the small cc-pVDZ-F12/cc-pVTZ-F12 combination proved capable of a mean absolute deviation of 0.20 kcal/mol. The accuracy and simultaneous cost savings of the F12b approach are such that it should enable high quality property calculations to be performed on chemical systems that are too large for standard CCSD(T). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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- View/download PDF
12. Correlation consistent basis sets for molecular core-valence effects with explicitly correlated wave functions: The atoms B–Ne and Al–Ar.
- Author
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Hill, J. Grant, Mazumder, Shivnath, and Peterson, Kirk A.
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WAVE functions , *CONDUCTION electrons , *DIATOMIC molecules , *ELECTRONS , *BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics) - Abstract
Correlation consistent basis sets have been optimized for accurately describing core-core and core-valence correlation effects with explicitly correlated F12 methods. The new sets, denoted cc-pCVnZ-F12 (n=D, T, Q) and aug-cc-pCF12VnZ (n=D, T, Q, 5), were developed by augmenting the cc-pVnZ-F12 and aug-cc-pVnZ families of basis sets with additional functions whose exponents were optimized based on the difference between all-electron and valence-electron correlation energies. The number of augmented functions added is fewer, in general, than in the standard cc-pCVnZ and cc-pwCVnZ families of basis sets. Optimal values of the geminal Slater exponent for use with these basis sets in MP2-F12 calculations are presented and are also recommended for CCSD-F12b calculations. Auxiliary basis sets for use in the resolution of the identity approximation in explicitly correlated calculations have also been optimized and matched to the new cc-pCVnZ-F12 series of orbital basis sets. The cc-pCVnZ-F12 basis sets, along with the new auxiliary sets, were benchmarked in CCSD(T)-F12b calculations of spectroscopic properties on a series of homo- and heteronuclear first and second row diatomic molecules. Comparing the effects of correlating the outer core electrons in these molecules with those from conventional CCSD(T) at the complete basis set limit, which involved calculations with new cc-pCV6Z basis sets for the second row elements that were also developed in the course of this work, it is observed that the F12 values are reasonably well converged already at just the triple-ζ level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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13. Extrapolating MP2 and CCSD explicitly correlated correlation energies to the complete basis set limit with first and second row correlation consistent basis sets.
- Author
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Hill, J. Grant, Peterson, Kirk A., Knizia, Gerald, and Werner, Hans-Joachim
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BASIS sets (Quantum mechanics) , *PERTURBATION theory , *CLUSTER theory (Nuclear physics) , *STATISTICAL correlation , *EXTRAPOLATION , *NUMERICAL analysis - Abstract
Accurate extrapolation to the complete basis set (CBS) limit of valence correlation energies calculated with explicitly correlated MP2-F12 and CCSD(T)-F12b methods have been investigated using a Schwenke-style approach for molecules containing both first and second row atoms. Extrapolation coefficients that are optimal for molecular systems containing first row elements differ from those optimized for second row analogs, hence values optimized for a combined set of first and second row systems are also presented. The new coefficients are shown to produce excellent results in both Schwenke-style and equivalent power-law-based two-point CBS extrapolations, with the MP2-F12/cc-pV(D,T)Z-F12 extrapolations producing an average error of just 0.17 mEh with a maximum error of 0.49 for a collection of 23 small molecules. The use of larger basis sets, i.e., cc-pV(T,Q)Z-F12 and aug-cc-pV(Q,5)Z, in extrapolations of the MP2-F12 correlation energy leads to average errors that are smaller than the degree of confidence in the reference data (∼0.1 mEh). The latter were obtained through use of very large basis sets in MP2-F12 calculations on small molecules containing both first and second row elements. CBS limits obtained from optimized coefficients for conventional MP2 are only comparable to the accuracy of the MP2-F12/cc-pV(D,T)Z-F12 extrapolation when the aug-cc-pV(5+d)Z and aug-cc-pV(6+d)Z basis sets are used. The CCSD(T)-F12b correlation energy is extrapolated as two distinct parts: CCSD-F12b and (T). While the CCSD-F12b extrapolations with smaller basis sets are statistically less accurate than those of the MP2-F12 correlation energies, this is presumably due to the slower basis set convergence of the CCSD-F12b method compared to MP2-F12. The use of larger basis sets in the CCSD-F12b extrapolations produces correlation energies with accuracies exceeding the confidence in the reference data (also obtained in large basis set F12 calculations). It is demonstrated that the use of the 3C(D) Ansatz is preferred for MP2-F12 CBS extrapolations. Optimal values of the geminal Slater exponent are presented for the diagonal, fixed amplitude Ansatz in MP2-F12 calculations, and these are also recommended for CCSD-F12b calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Calculating interaction energies in transition metal complexes with local electron correlation methods.
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Hill, J. Grant and Platts, James A.
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TRANSITION metals , *PERTURBATION theory , *BINDING energy , *ELECTRON configuration , *HARTREE-Fock approximation - Abstract
The results of density fitting and local approximations applied to the calculation of transition metal–ligand binding energies using second order Mo\ller–Plesset perturbation theory are reported. This procedure accurately reproduces counterpoise corrected binding energies from the canonical method for a range of test complexes. While counterpoise corrections for basis set superposition error are generally small, this procedure can be time consuming, and in some cases gives rise to unphysical dissociation of complexes. In circumventing this correction, a local treatment of electron correlation offers major efficiency savings with little loss of accuracy. The use of density fitting for the underlying Hartree–Fock calculations is also tested for sample Ru complexes, leading to further efficiency gains but essentially no loss in accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Auxiliary basis sets for density fitting–MP2 calculations: Nonrelativistic triple-ζ all-electron correlation consistent basis sets for the 3d elements Sc–Zn.
- Author
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Hill, J. Grant and Platts, James A.
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DENSITY , *PERTURBATION theory , *ELECTRON configuration , *METAL complexes , *MOLECULAR orbitals - Abstract
Auxiliary basis sets for density fitting second-order Mo\ller-Plesset perturbation theory (DF-MP2) have been optimized for use with the triple-ζ nonrelativistic all-electron correlation consistent orbital basis sets, cc-pVTZ-NR and aug-cc-pVTZ-NR, for the 3d elements Sc–Zn. The relative error in using these auxiliary basis sets is found to be around four orders of magnitude smaller than that from utilizing triple-ζ orbital basis sets rather than corresponding quadruple-ζ basis sets, in calculation of the correlation energy for a test set of 54 small to medium sized transition metal complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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16. Kinetics of structure formation in electrorheological suspensions.
- Author
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Klingenberg, D. J., Zukoski, C. F., and Hill, J. C.
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RHEOLOGY ,DYNAMICS ,SUSPENSIONS (Chemistry) ,ELECTRIC fields - Abstract
Presents a study that characterized the kinetics of structure formation in electrorheological suspensions by the time required to form percolating fibers following application of an external electric field. Experimental details; Results of the study; Conclusion.
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- 1993
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17. ELDOR detection of ENDOR transitions in irradiated organic crystals.
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Kispert, L. D., Chen, T. C. S., Hill, J. R., and Clough, S.
- Published
- 1978
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18. Piezomagnetic and elastic properties of metallic glass alloys Fe67CO18B14Si1 and Fe81B13.5Si3.5C2.
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Meeks, Steven W. and Hill, J. Clifton
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- 1983
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19. Generation Recombination Noise in Intrinsic and Near-Intrinsic Germanium Crystals.
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Hill, J. E. and Van Vliet, K. M.
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- 1958
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20. Slowing Down Distribution of U235 Fission Neutrons from a Point Source in Light Water.
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Hill, J. E., Roberts, L. D., and Fitch, T. E.
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- 1955
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21. Slowing Down Distribution to Indium Resonance of U235 Fission Neutrons from a Point Fission Source in Two Aluminum Light Water Mixtures.
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Roberts, L. D., Hill, J. E., and Fitch, T. E.
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- 1955
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22. Divergent Beam X-Ray Photography with Standard Diffraction Equipment.
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Geisler, A. H., Hill, J. K., and Newkirk, J. B.
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- 1948
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23. Experimental Study of the Mechanism of Thermoluminescence in Irradiated Sodium Chloride.
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Hill, J. J. and Schwed, P.
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- 1955
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24. Phase Equilibria in Fluid Mixtures at High Pressures: The Helium-Nitrogen System.
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Streett, W. B. and Hill, J. L. E.
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- 1970
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25. Evidence for Electroweak Production of W(+/-)W(+/-)jj in pp Collisions at root s=8 TeV with the ATLAS Detector
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Aad, G., Abbott, B., Abdallah, J., Khalek, S. Abdel, Abdinov, O., Aben, R., Abi, B., Abolins, M., Abouzeid, O. S., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abreu, R., Abulaiti, Y., Acharya, B. S., Adamczyk, L., Adams, D. L., Adelman, J., Adomeit, S., Adye, T., Agatonovic Jovin, T., Aguilar Saavedra, J. A., Agustoni, M., Ahlen, S. P., Ahmadov, F., Aielli, G., Akerstedt, H., Akesson, T. P., Akimoto, G., Akimov, A. V., Alberghi, G. L., Albert, J., Albrand, S., Alconada Verzini, M. J., Aleksa, M., Aleksandrov, I. N., Alexa, C., Alexander, G., Alexandre, G., Alexopoulos, T., Alhroob, M., Alimonti, C. G., Alio, L., Alison, J., Allbrooke, B. M. M., Allison, L. J., Allport, P. P., Almond, J., Aloisio, A., Alonso, A., Alonso, F., Alpigiani, C., Altheimer, A., Gonzalez, B. Alvarez, Alviggi, M. G., Amako, K., Amaral Coutinho, Y., Amelung, C., Amidei, D., Amor Dos Santos, S. P., Amorim, A., Amoroso, S., Amram, N., Amundsen, G., Anastopoulos, C., Ancu, L. S., Andari, N., Andeen, T., Anders, C. F., Anders, G., Anderson, K. J., Andreazza, A., Andrei, V., Anduaga, X. S., Angelidakis, S., Angelozzi, I., Anger, P., Angerami, A., Anghinolfi, F., Anisenkov, A. V., Anjos, N., Annovi, A., Antonaki, A., Antonelli, M., Antonov, A., Antos, J., Anulli, F., Aoki, M., Bella, L. Aperio, Apolle, R., Arabidze, G., Aracena, I., Arai, Y., Araque, J. P., Arce, A. T. H., Arguin, J. F., Argyropoulos, S., Arik, M., Armbruster, A. J., Arnaez, O., Arnal, V., Arnold, H., Arratia, M., Arslan, O., Artamonov, A., Artoni, G., Asai, S., Asbah, N., Ashkenazi, A., Asman, B., Asquith, L., Assamagan, K., Astalos, R., Atkinson, M., Atlay, N. B., Auerbach, B., Augsten, K., Aurousseau, M., Avolio, G., Azuelos, G., Azuma, Y., Baak, M. A., Bacci, C., Bachacou, H., Bachas, K., Backes, M., Backhaus, M., Mayes, J. Backus, Badescu, E., Bagiacchi, P., Bagnaia, Paolo, Bai, Y., Bain, T., Baines, J. T., Baker, O. K., Baker, S., Balek, P., Balli, F., Banas, E., Banerjee, S. w., Bannoura, A. A. E., Bansal, V., Bansil, H. S., Barak, L., Baranov, S. P., Barberio, E. L., Barberis, D., Barbero, M., Barillari, T., Barisonzi, M., Barklow, T., Barlow, N., Barnett, B. M., Barnett, R. M., Barnovska, Z., Baroncelli, A., Barone, G., Barr, A. J., Barreiro, F., da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes, Bartoldus, R., Barton, A. E., Bartos, P., Bartsch, V., Bassalat, A., Basye, A., Bates, R. L., Batkova, L., Batley, J. R., Battaglia, M., Battistin, M., Bauer, F., Bawa, H. S., Beau, T., Beauchemin, P. H., Beccherle, R., Bechtle, P., Beck, H. P., Becker, K., Becker, S., Beckingham, M., Becot, C., Beddall, A. J., Beddall, A., Bedikian, S., Bednyakov, V. A., Bee, C. P., Beemster, L. J., Beermann, T. A., Begel, M., Behr, K., Belanger Champagne, C., Bell, P. J., Bell, W. H., Bella, G., Bellagamba, L., Bellerive, A., Bellomo, M., Belotskiy, K., Beltramello, O., Benary, O., Benchekroun, D., Bendtz, K., Benekos, N., Benhammou, Y., Noccioli, E. Benhar, Benitez Garcia, J. A., Benjamin, D. P., Bensinger, J. R., Benslama, K., Bentvelsen, S., Berge, D., Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas, Berger, N., Berghaus, F., Berglund, E., Beringer, J., Bernard, C., Bernat, P., Bernius, C., Bernlochner, F. U., Berry, T., Berta, P., Bertella, C., Bertoli, G., Bertolucci, F., Bertsche, D., Besana, M. I., Besjes, G. J., Bessidskaia, O., Bessner, M. F., Besson, N., Betancourt, C., Bethke, S., Bhimji, W., Bianchi, R. M., Bianchini, L., Bianco, M., Biebel, O., Bieniek, S. P., Bierwagen, K., Biesiada, J., Biglietti, M., De Mendizabal, J. Bilbao, Bilokon, H., Bindi, M., Binet, S., Bingul, A., Bini, Cesare, Black, C. W., Black, J. E., Black, K. M., Blackburn, D., Blair, R. E., Blanchard, J. B., Blazek, T., Bloch, I., Blocker, C., Blum, W., Blumenschein, U., Bobbink, G. J., Bobrovnikov, V. S., Bocchetta, S. S., Bocci, A., Bock, C., Boddy, C. R., Boehler, M., Boek, J., Boek, T. T., Bogaerts, J. A., Bogdanchikov, A. G., Bogouch, A., Bohm, C., Bohm, J., Boisvert, V., Bold, T., Boldea, V., Boldyrev, A. 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R., Suzuki, Y., Svatos, M., Swedish, S., Swiatlowski, M., Sykora, I., Sykora, T., Ta, D., Tackmann, K., Taenzer, J., Taffard, A., Tafirout, R., Taiblum, N., Takahashi, Y., Takai, H., Takashima, R., Takeda, H., Takeshita, T., Takubo, Y., Talby, M., Talyshev, A. A., Tam, J. Y. C., Tan, K. G., Tanaka, J., Tanaka, R., Tanaka, S., Tanasijczuk, A. J., Tani, K., Tannoury, N., Tapprogge, S., Tarem, S., Tarrade, F., Tartarelli, G. F., Tas, P., Tasevsky, M., Tashiro, T., Tassi, E., Delgado, A. Tavares, Tayalati, Y., Taylor, F. E., Taylor, G. N., Taylor, W., Teischinger, F. A., Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias, Teixeira Dias, P., Temming, K. K., Ten Kate, H., Teng, P. K., Teoh, J. J., Terada, S., Terashi, K., Terron, J., Terzo, S., Testa, M., Teuscher, R. J., Therhaag, J., Theveneaux Pelzer, T., Thomas, J. P., Thomas Wilsker, J., Thompson, E. N., Thompson, P. D., Thompson, A. S., Thomsen, L. A., Thomson, E., Thomson, M., Thong, W. M., Thun, R. P., Tian, F., Tibbetts, M. J., Tikhomirov, V. O., Tikhonov, Y. u. A., Timoshenko, S., Tiouchichine, E., Tipton, P., Tisserant, S., Todorov, T., Todorova Nova, S., Toggerson, B., Tojo, J., Tokar, S., Tokushuku, K., Tollefson, K., Tomlinson, L., Tomoto, M., Tompkins, L., Toms, K., Topilin, N. D., Torrence, E., Torres, H., Torro Pastor, E., Toth, J., Touchard, F., Tovey, D. R., Tran, H. L., Trefzger, T., Tremblet, L., Tricoli, A., Trigger, I. M., Trincaz Duvoid, S., Tripiana, M. F., Triplett, N., Trischuk, W., Trocme, B., Troncon, C., Trottier McDonald, M., Trovatelli, M., True, P., Trzebinski, M., Trzupek, A., Tsarouchas, C., Tseng, J. C. L., Tsiareshka, P. V., Tsionou, D., Tsipolitis, G., Tsirintanis, N., Tsiskaridze, S., Tsiskaridze, V., Tskhadadze, E. G., Tsukerman, I. I., Tsulaia, V., Tsuno, S., Tsybychev, D., Tudorache, A., Tudorache, V., Tuna, A. N., Tupputi, S. A., Turchikhin, S., Turecek, D., Cakir, I. Turk, Turra, R., Tuts, P. M., Tykhonov, A., Tylmad, M., Tyndel, M., Uchida, K., Ueda, I., Ueno, R., Ughetto, M., Ugland, M., Uhlenbrock, M., Ukegawa, F., Unal, G., Undrus, A., Unel, G., Ungaro, F. C., Unno, Y., Urbaniec, D., Urquijo, P., Usai, G., Usanova, A., Vacavant, L., Vacek, V., Vachon, B., Valencic, N., Valentinetti, S., Valero, A., Valery, L., Valkar, S., Valladolid Gallego, E., Vallecorsa, S., Valls Ferrer, J. A., Van der Deijl, P. C., van der Geer, R., van der Graaf, H., Van Der Leeuw, R., van der Ster, D., van Eldik, N., van Gemmeren, P., Van Nieuwkoop, J., van Vulpen, I., van Woerden, M. C., Vanadia, M., Vandelli, W., Vanguri, R., Vaniachine, A., Vankov, P., Vannucci, F., Vardanyan, G., Vari, R., Varnes, E. W., Varol, T., Varouchas, D., Vartapetian, A., Varvell, K. E., Vazeille, F., Schroeder, T. Vazquez, Veatch, J., Veloso, F., Veneziano, S., Ventura, A., Ventura, D., Venturi, M., Venturi, N., Venturini, A., Vercesi, V., Verducci, M., Verkerke, W., Vermeulen, J. C., Vest, A., Vetterli, M. C., Viazlo, O., Vichou, I., Vickey, T., Boeriu, O. E. Vickey, Viehhauser, G. H. A., Viel, S., Vigne, R., Villa, M., Perez, M. Villaplana, Vilucchi, E., Vincter, M. G., Vinogradov, V. B., Virzi, J., Vivarelli, I., Vaque, F. Vives, Vlachos, S., Vladoiu, D., Vlasak, M., Vogel, A., Vogel, M., Vokac, P., Volpi, G., Volpi, M., von der Schmitt, H., von Radziewski, H., von Toerne, E., Vorobel, V., Vorobev, K., Vos, M., Voss, R., Vossebeld, J. H., Vranjes, N., Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes, Vrba, V., Vreeswijk, M., Anh, T. Vu, Vuillermet, R., Vukotic, I., Vykydal, Z., Wagner, P., Wagner, W., Wahlberg, H., Wahrmund, S., Wakabayashi, J., Walder, J., Walker, R., Walkowiak, W., Wall, R., Waller, P., Walsh, B., Wang, C., Wang, F., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, R., Wang, S. M., Wang, T., Wang, X., Wanotayaroj, C., Warburton, A., Ward, C. P., Wardrope, D. R., Warsinsky, M., Washbrook, A., Wasicki, C., Watanabe, I., Watkins, P. M., Watson, A. T., Watson, I. J., Watson, M. F., Watts, G., Watts, S., Waugh, B. M., Webb, S., Weber, M. S., Weber, S. W., Webster, J. S., Weidberg, A. R., Weigell, P., Weinert, B., Weingarten, J., Weiser, C., Weits, H., Wells, P. S., Wenaus, T., Wendland, D., Weng, Z., Wengler, T., Wenig, S., Wermes, N., Werner, M., Werner, P., Wessels, M., Wetter, J., Whalen, K., White, A., White, M. J., White, R., White, S., Whiteson, D., Wicke, D., Wickens, F. J., Wiedenmann, W., Wielers, M., Wienemann, P., Wiglesworth, C., Wiik Fuchs, L. A. M., Wijeratne, P. A., Wildauer, A., Wildt, M. A., Wilkens, H. G., Will, J. Z., Williams, H. H., Williams, S., Willis, C., Willocq, S., Wilson, A., Wilson, J. A., Wingerter Seez, I., Winklmeier, F., Winter, B. T., Wittgen, M., Wittig, T., Wittkowski, J., Wollstadt, S. J., Wolter, M. W., Wolters, H., Wosiek, B. K., Wotschack, J., Woudstra, M. J., Wozniak, K. W., Wright, M., Wu, M., S. L., Wu, Wu, X., Wu, Y., Wulf, E., Wyatt, T. R., Wynne, B. M., Xella, S., Xiao, M., Xu, D., Xu, L., Yabsley, B., Yacoob, S., Yamada, M., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, S., Yamamura, T., Yamanaka, T., Yamauchi, K., Yamazaki, Y., Yan, Z., Yang, H., Yang, U. K., Yang, Y., Yanush, S., Yao, L., Yao, W. M., Yasu, Y., Yatsenko, E., Wong, K. H. Yau, Ye, J., Ye, S., Yen, A. L., Yildirim, E., Yilmaz, M., Yoosoofmiya, R., Yorita, K., Yoshida, R., Yoshihara, K., Young, C., Young, C. J. S., Youssef, S., D. R., Yu, Yu, J., J. M., Yu, Yuan, L., Yurkewicz, A., Zabinski, B., Zaidan, R., Zaitsev, A. M., Zaman, A., Zambito, S., Zanello, L., Zanzi, D., Zeitnitz, C., Zeman, M., Zemla, A., Zengel, K., Zenin, O., Zenis, T., Zerwas, D., Porta, G. Zevi dlla, Zhang, D., Zhang, F., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Z., Zhemchugov, A., Zhong, J., Zhou, B., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, H., Zhu, J., Zhu, Y., Zhuang, X., Zhukov, K., Zibell, A., Zieminska, D., Zimine, N. I., Zimmermann, C., Zimmermann, R., Zimmermann, S., Zinonos, Z., Ziolkowski, M., Zobernig, G., Zoccoli, A., zur Nedden, M., Zurzolo, G., Zutshi, V., and Zwalinski, L.
- Subjects
Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale - Published
- 2014
26. Publisher's Note: "A self-locking Rydberg atom electric field sensor" [Appl. Phys. Lett. 122, 094001 (2023)].
- Author
-
Fancher, C. T., Nicolich, K. L., Backes, K. M., Malvania, N., Cox, K., Meyer, D. H., Kunz, P. D., Hill, J. C., Holland, W., and Schmittberger Marlow, B. L.
- Subjects
RYDBERG states ,ELECTRIC fields ,PUBLISHING ,DETECTORS - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Large elastic recovery of zinc dicyanoaurate.
- Author
-
Coates, C. S., Ryder, M. R., Hill, J. A., Tan, J.-C., and Goodwin, A. L.
- Subjects
SPRINGBACK (Elasticity) ,NANOINDENTATION ,MATERIAL plasticity - Abstract
We report a single-crystal nanoindentation study of the negative compressibility material zinc(II) dicyanoaurate. The material exhibits a particularly strong elastic recovery, which we attribute to the existence of supramolecular helices that function as atomic-scale springs-storing mechanical energy during compressive stress and inhibiting plastic deformation. Our results are consistent with the relationship noted by Cheng and Cheng [Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 614 (1998)] between elastic recovery and the ratio of material hardness to Young's modulus. Drawing on comparisons with other framework materials containing helical motifs, we suggest helices as an attractive design element for imparting resistance to plastic deformation in functional materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Polymeric electro-optic phase modulators formed by self-alignment over channels etched into indium phosphide.
- Author
-
Hill, J. R. and Pantelis, P.
- Subjects
- *
PLASMA waveguides , *ELECTROOPTICS , *POLYMERS , *INDIUM phosphide - Abstract
Presents a study which investigated the fabrication of wave guides which are single mode and have linear electro-optic properties by spin coating polymers onto etched indium phosphide. Function of the side-chain polymer which comprises the core of the wave guide; Calculation of the electro-optic coefficient of the core polymer; Way in which the capacity of fiber optic communications systems can be expanded.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Demonstration of the linear electro-optic effect in a thermopoled polymer film.
- Author
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Hill, J. R., Pantelis, P., Abbasi, F., and Hodge, P.
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRONIC modulators , *POLYMERS , *ELECTROOPTICS - Abstract
Describes an interdigital linear electro-optic modulator produced from a novel polymer. Formation of the polymer; Novel polymer used in the modulator; Schematic of the linear electro-optic modulator.
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Critical dynamics at the spin-density-wave transition of chromium.
- Author
-
Sternlieb, B. J., Hill, J. P., Inami, T., Shirane, G., Lee, W.-T., Werner, S. A., and Fawcett, Eric
- Subjects
- *
NEUTRONS , *SCATTERING (Physics) , *FLUCTUATIONS (Physics) , *ELECTRONS - Abstract
Focuses on a study that detailed neutron scattering measurements of critical fluctuations associated with the spin-density-wave transition at the Néel temperature in a single-Q chromium crystal. Implication of energy scans at the silent satellite positions; Electron that has the most itinerant character; Feature of the both the allowed and silent inelastic data.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Mössbauer Effect of 129I in Pyridine Complexes of Iodine Monohalides.
- Author
-
Wynter, C. I., Hill, J., Bledsoe, W., Shenoy, G. K., and Ruby, S. L.
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. POET: POlarimeters for Energetic Transients.
- Author
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Hill, J. E., McConnell, M. L., Bloser, P., Legere, J., Macri, J., Ryan, J., Barthelmy, S., Angelini, L., Sakamoto, T., Black, J. K., Hartmann, D. H., Kaaret, P., Zhang, B., Ioka, K., Nakamura, T., Toma, K., Yamazaki, R., and Wu, X.
- Subjects
- *
POLARISCOPE , *SPECTRUM analysis , *SOLAR activity , *NEUTRON stars , *RADIATION sources - Abstract
POET (Polarimeters for Energetic Transients) is a Small Explorer mission concept proposed to NASA in January 2008. The principal scientific goal of POET is to measure GRB polarization between 2 and 500 keV. The payload consists of two wide FoV instruments: a Low Energy Polarimeter (LEP) capable of polarization measurements in the energy range from 2–15 keV and a high energy polarimeter (Gamma-Ray Polarimeter Experiment—GRAPE) that will measure polarization in the 60–500 keV energy range. Spectra will be measured from 2 keV up to 1 MeV. The POET spacecraft provides a zenith-pointed platform for maximizing the exposure to deep space. Spacecraft rotation will provide a means of effectively dealing with systematics in the polarization response. POET will provide sufficient sensitivity and sky coverage to measure statistically significant polarization for up to 100 GRBs in a two-year mission. Polarization data will also be obtained for solar flares, pulsars and other sources of astronomical interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. GRB 050117: Simultaneous Gamma-ray and X-ray Observations with the Swift Satellite.
- Author
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Hill, J. E., Morris, D. C., Sakamoto, T., Sato, G., Burrows, D. N., Angelini, L., Pagani, C., Moretti, A., Abbey, A. F., Barthelmy, S., Beardmore, A. P., Biryukov, V. V., Campana, S., Capalbi, M., Cusumano, G., Giommi, P., Ibrahimov, M. A., Kennea, J. A., Kobayashi, S., and Ioka, K.
- Subjects
- *
X-ray telescopes , *GAMMA ray bursts , *GAMMA rays , *ASTRONOMICAL instruments , *ASTRONOMY , *PHYSICS - Abstract
The Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Explorer performed its first autonomous, X-ray follow-up to a newly detected GRB on 2005 January 17, within 193 seconds of the burst trigger by the Swift Burst Alert Telescope. While the burst was still in progress, the X-ray Telescope obtained a position and an image for an un-catalogued X-ray source; simultaneous with the gamma-ray observation. The XRT observed flux during the prompt emission was 1.1 × 10-8 ergs cm-2 s-1 in the 0.5–10 keV energy band. The emission in the X-ray band decreased by three orders of magnitude within 700 seconds, following the prompt emission. This is found to be consistent with the gamma-ray decay when extrapolated into the XRT energy band. During the following 6.3 hours, the XRT observed the afterglow in an automated sequence for an additional 947 seconds, until the burst became fully obscured by the Earth limb. A faint, extremely slowly decaying afterglow, α=-0.21, was detected. Finally, a break in the lightcurve occurred and the flux decayed with α<-1.2. The X-ray position triggered many follow-up observations: no optical afterglow could be confirmed, although a candidate was identified 3 arcsecs from the XRT position. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Rapid Centroids and the Refined Position Accuracy of the Swift Gamma-ray Burst Catalogue.
- Author
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Hill, J. E., Angelini, L., Moretti, A., Morris, D. C., Racusin, J., Burrows, D. N., Beardmore, A. P., Campana, S., Capalbi, M., Kennea, J. A., Osborne, J. P., Pagani, C., Tagliaferri, G., Chincarini, G., Gehrels, N., Wells, A., and Nousek, J. A.
- Subjects
- *
X-ray telescopes , *GAMMA ray bursts , *GAMMA rays , *ASTRONOMICAL instruments , *ASTRONOMY , *PHYSICS - Abstract
The Swift X-ray Telescope autonomously refines the Burst Alert Telescope positions (∼1–4′ uncertainty) to better than 5 arcsec, within 5 seconds of target acquisition by the observatory for typical bursts. The results of the rapid positioning capability of the XRT are presented here for both known sources and newly discovered GRBs, demonstrating the ability to automatically utilise one of two integration times according to the burst brightness, and to correct the position for alignment offsets caused by the fast pointing performance and variable thermal environment of the satellite as measured by the Telescope Alignment Monitor. We present an evaluation of the position accuracy for both the onboard centroiding software and the ground software for the calibration targets and show that a significant improvement in position accuracy is obtained if the boresight detector position is optimised relative to the spacecraft pointing. Finally, we present an updated catalogue of Swift GRB X-ray positions obtained in Photon Counting Mode using the improved, calibrated boresight. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Late-Time X-ray Flares during GRB Afterglows: Extended Internal Engine Activity.
- Author
-
Falcone, A. D., Burrows, D. N., Romano, P., Kobayashi, S., Lazzati, D., Zhang, B., Campana, S., Chincarini, G., Cusumano, G., Gehrels, N., Giommi, P., Goad, M. R., Godet, O., Hill, J. E., Kennea, J. A., Mészáros, P., Morris, D., Nousek, J. A., O'Brien, P. T., and Osborne, J. P.
- Subjects
GAMMA ray bursts ,X-rays ,GAMMA rays ,IONIZING radiation ,ASTRONOMY ,PHYSICS - Abstract
Observations of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) with Swift produced the initially surprising result that many bursts have large X-ray flares superimposed on the underlying afterglow. These flares were sometimes intense, rapid, and late relative to the nominal prompt phase. The most intense of these flares was observed by XRT with a flux > 500× the afterglow. This burst then surprised observers by flaring again after > 10000 s. The intense flare can be most easily understood within the context of the standard fireball model, if the internal engine that powers the prompt GRB emission is still active at late times. Recent observations indicate that X-ray flares are detected in ∼1/3 of XRT detected afterglows. By studying the properties of the varieties of flares (such as rise/fall time, onset time, spectral variability, etc.) and relating them to overall burst properties, models of flare production and the GRB internal engine can be constrained. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Evidence for intrinsic absorption in the Swift X-ray afterglows.
- Author
-
Campana, S., Romano, P., Covino, S., Lazzati, D., De Luca, A., Chincarini, G., Moretti, A., Tagliaferri, G., Cusumano, G., Mangano, V., La Parola, V., Mineo, T., Giommi, P., Perri, M., Capalbi, M., Antonelli, L. A., Burrows, D. N., Hill, J. E., Racusin, J. L., and Kennea, J. A.
- Subjects
GAMMA ray bursts ,STELLAR mass ,MOLECULAR clouds ,X-ray research ,REDSHIFT ,ASTRONOMY ,PHYSICS - Abstract
Gamma-ray burst (GRB) progenitors are observationally linked to the death of massive stars. X-ray studies of the GRB afterglows can deepen our knowledge of the ionization status and metal abundances of the matter in the GRB environment. Moreover, the presence of local matter can be inferred through its fingerprints in the X-ray spectrum, i.e. the presence of absorption higher than the Galactic value. A few studies based on BeppoSAX and XMM-Newton found evidence of higher than Galactic values for the column density in a number of GRB afterglows. Here we report on a systematic analysis of 17 GRBs observed by Swift up to April 15, 2005. We observed a large number of GRBs with an excess of column density. Our sample, together with previous determinations of the intrinsic column densities for GRBs with known redshift, provides evidence for a distribution of absorption consistent with that predicted for randomly occurring GRB within molecular clouds. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. In-flight calibration of the Swift XRT effective area.
- Author
-
Cusumano, G., Campana, S., Romano, P., Mangano, V., Moretti, A., Abbey, A. F., Angelini, L., Beardmore, A. P., Burrows, D. N., Capalbi, M., Chincarini, G., Citterio, O., Giommi, P., Goad, M. R., Godet, O., Hartner, G. D., Hill, J. E., Kennea, J. A., La Parola, V., and Mineo, T.
- Subjects
X-ray telescopes ,X-rays ,SPECTRUM analysis ,X-ray astronomy ,ASTRONOMY ,PHYSICS - Abstract
The Swift X-ray Telescope is designed to make astrometric, spectroscopic and photometric observations of the X-ray emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts and their afterglows in the 0.2–10 keV energy band. Here we report some results on the in-flight calibration of the Swift XRT effective area obtained analyzing observations of cosmic sources with different the analysis of cosmic sources intrinsic spectra and using the on-ground calibration and ray-tracing simulations as a starting point Our analysis includes the study of the effective area for different XRT operating modes. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Flight Calibration and Operations of the Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT).
- Author
-
Burrows, D. N., Hill, J. E., Nousek, J. A., Wells, A. A., Osborne, J. P., Mukerjee, K., Chincarini, G., Tagliaferri, G., and Campana, S.
- Subjects
- *
X-ray telescopes , *TELESCOPES , *ASTRONOMICAL instruments , *OPTICAL instruments , *GAMMA ray bursts , *GAMMA ray astronomy , *ASTRONOMY - Abstract
We present the current on-orbit calibration and operational plans for the Swift XRT. The XRT is a largely autonomous instrument and requires very little manual commanding for normal operations. A detailed calibration plan is being developed to verify the instrumental performance on-orbit, including effective area, point spread function, vignetting, spectroscopic performance, and timing accuracy. Operational plans include regular calibration measurements using on-board calibration sources as well as periodic calibration observations using celestial targets. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The X-ray Telescope for the SWIFT Gamma-Ray Burst Mission.
- Author
-
Wells, A., Burrows, D. N., Hill, J. E., Nousek, J. A., Chincarini, G., Abbey, A. F., Beardmore, A., Bosworth, J., Brauninger, H. W., Burkert, W., Campana, S., Capalbi, M., Chang, W., Citterio, O., Freyberg, M. J., Giommi, P., Hartner, G. D., Killough, R., Kittle, B., and Klar, R.
- Subjects
X-ray telescopes ,TELESCOPES ,ASTRONOMICAL instruments ,OPTICAL instruments ,GAMMA ray bursts ,GAMMA ray astronomy - Abstract
The X-ray Telescope (XRT) for the SWIFT mission, built by the international consortium from Pennsylvania State University (US), University of Leicester (UK) and Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (Italy), is already installed on the SWIFT spacecraft. The XRT has two key functions on SWIFT; to determine locations of GRBs to better than 5 arc seconds within 100 seconds of initial detection of a burst and to measure spectra and light curves of the X-ray afterglow over around four orders of magnitude of decay in the afterglow intensity. This paper summarises the XRT performance, operating modes and sensitivity for the detection of prompt and extended X-ray afterglows from gamma-ray bursts. The performance characteristics have been determined from data taken during the ground calibration campaign at MPE’s Panter facility in September 2002. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering from transition metal oxides.
- Author
-
Hill, J. P.
- Subjects
- *
X-rays , *CHARGE transfer - Abstract
Recent developments in hard x-ray resonant inelastic x-ray scattering as a probe of strongly correlated systems are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to studies of Nd[sub 2]CuO[sub 4]. A charge transfer excitation is observed when the incident photon energy is tuned in the vicinity of the copper K-edge. It is shown that the presence of resonant enhancements is controlled by the polarization dependence of the excitation process and by the overlap between a given intermediate state and the particular excitation being studied. This latter observation has shed light on the non-local effects present in certain intermediate states. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
41. Equivalence of domains for hyperbolic Hubbard-Stratonovich transformations.
- Author
-
Müller-Hill, J. and Zirnbauer, M. R.
- Subjects
- *
EQUIVALENCE relations (Set theory) , *EXPONENTIAL functions , *MATHEMATICAL transformations , *COMPACTIFICATION (Mathematics) , *NONLINEAR theories , *SIGMA particles , *SYMMETRY groups - Abstract
We settle a long standing issue concerning the traditional derivation of non-compact non-linear sigma models in the theory of disordered electron systems: the hyperbolic Hubbard-Stratonovich (HS) transformation of Pruisken-Schäfer type. Only recently the validity of such transformations was proved in the case of U(p, q) (non-compact unitary) and O(p, q) (non-compact orthogonal) symmetry. In this article we give a proof for general non-compact symmetry groups. Moreover, we show that the Pruisken-Schäfer type transformations are related to other variants of the HS transformation by deformation of the domain of integration. In particular we clarify the origin of surprising sign factors which were recently discovered in the case of orthogonal symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. The dynamics of the rich cluster A2634.
- Author
-
Rhee, George, Pinkney, Jason, Burns, Jack, Hill, J. M., Oegerle, W., Hintzen, P., and Batuski, D.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Characteristics of hardron-nucleus interactions at 100 GeV/c.
- Author
-
Toothacker, W. S., Whitmore, J., Elcombe, P. A., Hill, J. C., Neale, W. W., Kowald, W., Walker, W. D., Lucas, P., Voyvodic, L., Ammar, R., Coppage, D., Davis, R., Gress, J., Kanekal, S., Kwak, N., Bishop, J. M., Biswas, N. N., Cason, N. M., Kenney, V. P., and Mattingly, M. C. K.
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Fast ignition relevant study of the flux of high intensity laser-generated electrons via a hollow cone into a laser-imploded plasma.
- Author
-
Key, M. H., Adam, J. C., Akli, K. U., Borghesi, M., Chen, M. H., Evans, R. G., Freeman, R. R., Habara, H., Hatchett, S. P., Hill, J. M., Heron, A., King, J. A., Kodama, R., Lancaster, K. L., MacKinnon, A. J., Patel, P., Phillips, T., Romagnani, L., Snavely, R. A., and Stephens, R.
- Subjects
LASER plasmas ,PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) ,COLLISIONLESS plasmas ,ELECTRON bombardment conductivity ,PLASMA dynamics ,PHYSICS education - Abstract
An integrated experiment relevant to fast ignition . A Cu-doped deuterated polymer spherical shell target with an inserted hollow Au cone is imploded by a six-beam 900-J, 1-ns laser. A 10-ps, 70-J laser pulse is focused into the cone at the time of peak compression. The flux of high-energy electrons through the imploded material is determined from the yield of Cu Kα fluorescence by comparison with a Monte Carlo model. The electrons are estimated to carry about 15% of the laser energy. Collisional and Ohmic heating are modeled, and Ohmic effects are shown to be relatively unimportant. An electron spectrometer shows significantly greater reduction of the transmitted electron flux than is calculated in the model. Enhanced scattering by instability-induced magnetic fields is suggested. An extension of this fluor-based technique to measurement of coupling efficiency to the ignition hot spot in future larger-scale fast ignition experiments is outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Laser generated proton beam focusing and high temperature isochoric heating of solid matter.
- Author
-
Snavely, R. A., Zhang, B., Akli, K., Chen, Z., Freeman, R. R., Gu, P., Hatchett, S. P., Hey, D., Hill, J., Key, M. H., Izawa, Y., King, J., Kitagawa, Y., Kodama, R., Langdon, A. B., Lasinski, B. F., Lei, A., MacKinnon, A. J., Patel, P., and Stephens, R.
- Subjects
PROTON beams ,PARTICLE beams ,PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) ,HIGH temperatures ,HEATING - Abstract
The results of laser-driven proton beam focusing and heating with a high energy (170 J) short pulse are reported. Thin hemispherical aluminum shells are illuminated with the Gekko petawatt laser using 1 μm light at intensities of ∼3×10
18 W/cm2 and measured heating of thin Al slabs. The heating pattern is inferred by imaging visible and extreme-ultraviolet light Planckian emission from the rear surface. When Al slabs 100 μm thick were placed at distances spanning the proton focus beam waist, the highest temperatures were produced at 0.94× the hemisphere radius beyond the equatorial plane. Isochoric heating temperatures reached 81 eV in 15 μm thick foils. The heating with a three-dimensional Monte Carlo model of proton transport with self-consistent heating and proton stopping in hot plasma was modeled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Conditional statistics for passive-scalar mixing in a confined rectangular turbulent jet.
- Author
-
Feng, H., Olsen, M. G., Fox, R. O., and Hill, J. C.
- Subjects
FLUID dynamic measurements ,SPEED ,HYDRAULIC engineering ,FLUID dynamics ,INDUSTRIAL design ,VELOCIMETRY ,LASER Doppler velocimeter - Abstract
Experimental results for the conditional statistics, such as the velocity conditioned on a conserved scalar and the scalar conditioned on velocity, in a confined liquid-phase rectangular jet are presented and analyzed for a data set collected using simultaneous particle image velocimetry and planar laser-induced fluorescence. The joint velocity-scalar probability density function (PDF) is not joint Gaussian in this flow, as the PDF of the conserved scalar is accurately described by a beta-PDF. The conditional mean velocity is found to agree with a linear model when the scalar is close to its local mean value. A gradient PDF model is found to give poor predictions for the streamwise conditional velocity. However, the improved gradient PDF model predicts both the streamwise and transverse conditional velocities well. A linear model for the scalar fluctuation conditioned on velocity is also tested against the experimental data, showing that this model only obtains good approximations when the joint velocity-scalar PDF approaches a joint Gaussian at farther downstream locations in this flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Vacuum bench for the characterization of thermoionization ion sources.
- Author
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Guillermier, C., Lechene, C. P., Hill, J., and Hillion, F.
- Subjects
ELECTRON beams ,ELECTRONICS ,ELECTRON gun ,MICROPYROMETER ,DIAPHRAGM (Anatomy) - Abstract
We have designed a vacuum bench to study the parameters of thermoionization sources with the ultimate goal of obtaining high spatial resolution for biomedical applications of secondary ion mass spectrometry. In the bench, the source ionizer can be directly heated with an electron gun positioned perpendicular to the axis of the ion beam and focused with an optical system including slit lenses and a magnetic sector. The source cross over diameter is measured by forming the image of the source using an Einzel lens at a 1×magnification. The ion beam current is measured in a Faraday cup placed after a movable diaphragm. The temperature of the diverse elements of the ionizer assembly is measured through a mirror with a micropyrometer. Using the vacuum bench with a cesium carbonate source, we measured a 35 μm minimum cross over size, and we calculated a 400 A/cm[SUP2]/sr maximum brightness. We obtained an intense cesium ion beam when heating the ionizer with the electron gun. The vacuum bench will be used to compare the effect of the heating mode of the ionizer (i.e., indirect by filament electron emission or direct by electron beam) on the brightness of the cesium source, and to develop a thermoionization iodine negative ion source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Statistical Properties of Gamma-Ray Burst Polarization.
- Author
-
Toma, K., Sakamoto, T., Zhang, B., Hill, J. E., McConnell, M. L., Bloser, P. E., Yamazaki, R., Ioka, K., and Nakamura, T.
- Subjects
GAMMA ray bursts ,POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics) ,PROPERTIES of matter ,MAGNETIC fields ,LIGHT curves ,SYNCHROTRONS ,POLARIMETRY - Abstract
The emission mechanism and the origin and structure of magnetic fields in gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets are among the most important open questions concerning the nature of the central engine of GRBs. In spite of extensive observational efforts, these questions remain to be answered and are difficult or even impossible to infer with the spectral and lightcurve information currently collected. Polarization measurements will lead to unambiguous answers to several of these questions. Recent developments in X-ray and γ-ray polarimetry techniques have demonstrated a significant increase in sensitivity enabling several new mission concepts, e.g. POET (Polarimeters for Energetic Transients), providing wide field of view and broadband polarimetry measurements. If launched, missions of this kind would finally provide definitive measurements of GRB polarizations. We perform Monte Carlo simulations to derive the distribution of GRB polarizations in three emission models; the synchrotron model with a globally ordered magnetic field (SO model), the synchrotron model with a locally random magnetic field (SR model), and the Compton drag model (CD model). The results show that POET, or other polarimeters with similar capabilities, can constrain the GRB emission models by using the statistical properties of GRB polarizations. In particular, the ratio of the number of GRBs for which the polarization degrees can be measured to the number of GRBs that are detected (N
m /Nd ) and the distributions of the polarization degrees (II) can be used as the criteria. If Nm /Nd >30% and II is clustered between 0.2 and 0.7, the SO model will be favored. If instead Nm /Nd <15%, then the SR or CD model will be favored. If several events with II>0.8 are observed, then the CD model will be favored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. GRB Polarimetry with POET.
- Author
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McConnell, M. L., Angelini, L., Baring, M. G., Barthelmy, S., Black, J. K., Bloser, P. F., Dennis, B., Emslie, A. G., Greiner, J., Hajdas, W., Harding, A. K., Hartmann, D. H., Hill, J. E., Ioka, K., Kaaret, P., Kanbach, G., Kniffen, D., Legere, J. S., Macri, J. R., and Morris, R.
- Subjects
POLARISCOPE ,X-rays ,ARTIFICIAL satellites ,POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics) ,SOLAR flares - Abstract
POET (Polarimeters for Energetic Transients) represents a concept for a Small Explorer (SMEX) satellite mission, whose principal scientific goal is to understand the structure of GRB sources through sensitive X-ray and γ-ray polarization measurements. The payload consists of two wide field-of-view (FoV) instruments: a Low Energy Polarimeter (LEP) capable of polarization measurements in the energy range from 2–15 keV and a high energy polarimeter (Gamma-Ray Polarimeter Experiment or GRAPE) that would measure polarization in the 60–500 keV energy range. The POET spacecraft provides a zenith-pointed platform for maximizing the exposure to deep space. Spacecraft rotation provides a means of effectively dealing with any residual systematic effects in the polarization response. POET provides sufficient sensitivity and sky coverage to measure statistically significant polarization (for polarization levels in excess of 20%) for ∼80 GRBs in a two-year mission. High energy polarization data would also be obtained for SGRs, solar flares, pulsars and other sources of astronomical interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The Swift X-Ray Telescope.
- Author
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Burrows, D. N., Hill, J. E., Nousek, J. A., Wells, A., Short, A., Turner, M., Citterio, O., Tagliaferri, G., and Chincarini, G.
- Subjects
- *
X-ray telescopes , *GAMMA ray bursts , *GAMMA ray astronomy - Abstract
The Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Explorer is designed to make prompt multiwavelength observations of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows. The X-ray Telescope (XRT) provides key capabilities that permit Swift to determine GRB positions with several arcsecond accuracy within 100 seconds of the burst onset. We present an overview of the XRT and its capabilities. The XRT is designed to observe GRB afterglows covering 7 orders of magnitude in flux in the 0.2-10 kev band, with completely autonomous operation. Accurate GRB positions are determined within seconds of target acquisition and are sent to the ground for distribution over the GCN. The XRT can also measure redshifts of GRBs if they have Fe line emission or other spectral features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
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