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Using first principle calculation we have studied the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of four different stoichiometry of Copper Thiocyanate (CuSCN); namely 1) CSCuN, 2) CNCuS, 3) CuSCN and 4) SCNCuSCNCu. The calculated binding energy revels the stability factor of different stoichiometry and found that the CuSCN and SCNCuSCNCu have highest binding energy magnitude with negligible magnetic moment. The antiferromagnetic behavior is observed in all stoichiometry expect CuSCN. The reason of spin polarized metallic behavior is discussed. Our results show that the CuSCN can induce the half metallic nature which is crucial parameters for several futuristic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world populace is increasing exponentially, thus bringing many challenges to urban planning and the transportation sector. The evolution of cities has come up with many changes in technology and advancements, as transportation is one of the major components of planning and governance. The changes bring in issues such as pollution, traffic congestion, accidents, mismanagement of services, lack of transport facilities and exploitation of resources, which are to be resolved by a more focused approach in the transportation systems. This paper will discuss about the approaches and best practices in transportation sector around the globe in a better way to understand a streamlined viewpoint of the existing practices and the best to opt for in policy making and governance undertaken by the danger of global concerns like climate change and global warming, on which there are agendas such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the most current discussion on Zero Carbon Emissions in United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 26). The best practices provide the different challenges and techniques to fight and improve the hourly need both for the present and the future mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creation of concrete outcomes in outflow of a comparable measure of carbon dioxide which is a green-house gas into environment causing an unnatural weather change. Fly debris and ground granulated impact heater slag (GGBS) has cementitious material properties and thus can be utilized as substitute material for concrete to defeat the ecological issues. During power age in warm plants huge quantity of fly debris is created as a side-effect, removal of which is issue and comparably GGBS is supportive of reduced in steel plants. Stream sand access is likewise getting all the more exorbitant and restricted due to unlawful digging in this manner fabricated sand is utilized as another for waterway sand. Thus, in this investigation an endeavour is made to contemplate the compressive strength and flexural strength of geo-polymer concrete made of M sand exposed to warm relieving at 500C and 600C with various proportions of the activator arrangements, molarities of soluble arrangement presented to raised temperature. Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate arrangements were utilized as antacid activators in various blend extents. Geopolymer is regularly known as inorganic aluminohydride polymer which is blended prevalently from silicon and aluminium particles in fly ash and GGBS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of tunnel is challenging inHimalayan terrain because its uncertain nature. Many times, things remain unnoticed during the tunneling operations even with surface mapping and geotechnical investigations which ultimately create hardship in the construction of tunnels. The solution of this problem is important because tunnels are important mode of communication by road, railways, pipelines and for defense purposes. The nature of the tunnel varies according to their usage. The construction will depend on the conditions of soil, ground water and nature of the rock present in that area. Tunnels are important as it connect many urban or villages together and make travel shorter and cheap. Earlier it is much time consuming to construct a tunnel as it took too much time but now a days with the advancement of technology tunnels become bit easier and safer. The inspection of the tunnel is also very necessary before and after the tunneling operations. In our paper we are showing some older and new techniques which are using in the Himalayan terrain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tribo-performance behavior of lubricants plays an instrumental role in conserving the energy while enhancing the machine life. Rheological properties of lubricants such as shear stress, shear rate, viscosity, viscoelastic behavior etc influence the tribo-performance behavior to a great extent. Modern Chemistry lays emphasis on the synthesis of nano additives that help enhance the rheological and tribological properties of lubricants ultimately leading to the conservation of valuable energy. In the present study the Rheological and Tribological performance behavior of hexagonal boron nitride (Hex-BN) nanofluids is presented. In order to study the effect of Hex-BN nano-particles on the rheological properties of lubricants two commercially available blended synthetic engine oils of same grades were selected. They were blended with 0.1 and 0.2% weight by weight of well dispersed Hex-BNnanoparticles. Standard test procedures were used to determine physicochemical properties and tribo-performance behavior of oils respectively. The study reveals that tested Hex-BN nanofluids behaved as non-Newtonian lubricants with shear thinning behavior at all tested temperatures and exhibited viscoelastic behavior at small shear rates. As a result of this anti-wear property showed an enhancement up to 12% for 0.2% Hex-BN indicating fair improvement in anti-wear properties of Hex-BN nanofluid. However, a marginal reduction in friction to the tune of 7% observed for the 0.2 wt% of Hex-BN nano-particles in the tested lubricants indicates that finished products have little scope to improve anti-friction properties under the influence of existing additives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demand of MEMS sensor is increasing due to its applicability in various fields such as in automobile and industrial applications. Save driving is very necessary which can be properly accomplish by usage of flexible MEMS devices which can monitor different parameters such as tyre pressure, speed etc. Tyre pressure monitoring system consists of flexible MEMS pressure sensor, which provide low power consumption and temperature compatibility by proper selection of the sensor material. In this paper, modelling of graphene based flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor has been carried out for monitoring of the tyre pressure. Graphene is used as a substrate material, which makes the flexible device that can be implanted easily in the tyre. Graphene is also used as the sensing material for piezoresistors. Results indicate that sensitivity of 0.63 mV/kPa is achieved at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is about the study of the electrical properties of transparent gate thin film transistors (TGTFT) at normal room temperature. TG-TFT a 10 nm device is designed using indium tin oxide (ITO) as the gate material. Source and drain are 4nm long each. Drain current is compared with the conventional TFT device drain current and there is a significant increase by 12.29% from the conventional TFT. The transfer characteristics of TFT are provided with Vth as 0.4 V, and that of conventional one was 0.3V. The electrical characteristics of the device generated are also studied and compared to the conventional one, and better results were shown by the proposed device. Later on, the comparison was drawn between the valence and the conduction band energy of TGTFT and C-TFT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The behavior of laminated composite skew plates under different temperature variations is an important phenomena which was explored in this study. For modelling of laminated composite skew plate the suitable parabolic variation of transverse shear variation was considered. The skew effect was incorporated with transformation matrix detailed in the manuscript. Due to parabolic variation of transverse shear considered the need of shear correction factor was circumvented in present work. The different type of temperature variations were considered in the present work. The parametric variations of skew angle, plate thickness etc. were varied to study the temperature variation behavior on laminated composite skew plate. The authors developed the FORTRAN code for the finite element formulation of present mathematical model along with temperature variations incorporations. Nine node isoparametric finite elements were used in the present FE formulation. Top and bottom zero transverse shear stresses were implied in present formulations to calculate unknown parameters. The developed model 2D allowed prediction of results close to 3D solution. The presented method work results are in close resemblance with previously published results obtained by other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In present work thermal and moisture concentration effects on laminated composite hypars is explored. Third degree thickness coordinate is considered in plane displacement variables. The twist curvatures of hypars is considered in present analysis. The shear correction factor is eliminated due to actual representation of transverse shear in present work. Imposition of nil transverse shear stress conditions at top and bottom of the surface of hypars is done mathematically. Finite element (FE) formulation of present mathematical model is done using a nine noded curved isoparametric element with seven unknowns at each node. FE formulation is coded in FORTRAN. The comparison study of present work is found to be consistent with previous published works by different methods. The parametric study is done by varying different parameters like moisture concentration, temperature variations, and boundary conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earth is getting contaminated by different sources and it affects various factors. Pure water is the most essential need for living creatures. Although, there are different reasons by which heavy metals get dissolved in water but industrial waste like metal wastage, chemical wastage, clothing dyes, etc are the main reasons by which water gets polluted. As there are many techniques like precipitation, chromatography, electrophoresis and ion exchange, etc and biosorption is one of the conventional methods. Here, this lignin extracted from walnut shells is considered a bio-sorbent that adsorb heavy metals like copper from wastewater. Lignin is a naturally occurring biomass abundantly found in agricultural waste, paper pulp, and wood residue. Certain lignin modifications are done to get a higher absorbance rate of heavy metals in a quick period. Lignin-based nanoparticles with proper alignment absorb more. Sorption by lignin-based nanoparticles is the most appropriate method than other available methods for heavy metal removal as it is not expensive, easily available material, and no need for a heavy setup. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on TiO2 coated thin films with high level of transparency were fabricated using sol-gel spin coating technique. The coating preparation is made by forming first nanocolloids through polyol reduction method using titanium (IV) oxysulfate (TiOSO4) precursor. The surface morphology and transparency of deposited thin films were investigated using FESEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The self-cleaning/anti soiling of thin films was studied by placing coated and uncoated samples in dusty region. The coated substrate shows, remarkably 50% reduction in the dust deposition rate and only less than 4% transmission loss as compared with bare glass substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanoalloy clusters formed between Au and Si are topics of great interest today from both scientific and technological point of view. Due to its remarkable catalytic, electronic, mechanical and magnetic properties Au-Si nanoalloy clusters have extensive applications in the field of microelectronics, catalysis, biomedicine, and jewelry industry. Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a new paradigm of quantum mechanics, which is very much popular to study the electronic properties of materials. Conceptual DFT based descriptors have been invoked to correlate the experimental properties of nanoalloy clusters. In this venture, we have systematically investigated AuSin (n=1-9) nanoalloy clusters in the theoretical frame of the B3LYP exchange correlation. The experimental properties of AuSin (n=1-9) nanoalloy clusters are correlated in terms of DFT based descriptors viz. HOMO-LUMO gap, Electronegativity (χ), Global Hardness (η), Global Softness (S) and Electrophilicity Index (ω). The calculated HOMO-LUMO gap exhibits interesting odd-even alteration behaviour, indicating that even numbered clusters possess higher stability as compare to their neighbour odd numbered clusters. This study also reflects a very well agreement between experimental bond length and computed data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of radon concentration was measured in some areas of Pathankot district, Punjab, India, from the health hazard point of view due to radon. The exposure to radon through drinking water is largely by inhalation and ingestion. RAD 7, an electronic solid state silicon detector (Durridgeco., USA) was used to measure the radon concentration in drinking water samples of the study area. The recorded values of radon concentration in these water samples are below the recommended limit by UNSCEAR and European commission. The recommended limit of radon concentration in water samples is 4 to 40 Bq/1 given by UNSCEAR [1] and European commission has recommended the safe limit for radon concentration in water sample is 100 Bq/1 [2]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many types of research had shown that daylight is crucial for the classroom as it saves energy, reduces the consumption of fossil fuel, and increases the productivity and writing, and reading speed of the students. Daylight in the classroom is measured by different metrics like Static, Dynamic, and Distribution. Daylight Uniformity ratio falls in the distribution metric category. This uniformity ratio is similarly important as lighting levels as it helps to obtain visual comfort within the classroom as poor daylight uniformity ratio will not only cause glare but will increase the tendency of using artificial lights. This research aims to analyze the impact of the light shelves on the uniformity ratio of the classroom only due to natural light. For the purpose, uniformity ratio (UO) analysis in presence of light shelves was conducted out in the typical classroom of Kendriya Vidyalaya (K.V), Patna of south orientation. A field study was carried out through spontaneous lighting levels to validate the computer simulations for assessing the visual comfort in K.V. The study shows a positive increment in Uniformity ratio after adding the light shelves in the classroom of south orientation; however these increase in Uniformity ratio changes with the respect of sun position, altitude, and orientation. Conclusions about possible modifications can be suggested to achieve a better uniformity ratio in similar types of classrooms within Patna and other areas of which are falling under similar types of climate in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The compound nucleus 76Kr* is formed in the heavy-ion fusion reactions by an asymmetric entrance channel 12C+64Zn and the symmetric entrance channel 31P+45Sc at the excitation energy of 75 MeV and angular momentum of 39 η. Neutron energy spectra of the asymmetric system (12C+64Zn) at different angles are well described by the statistical model predictions using the normal value of the level density parameter a = A/8 MeV-1. However, in the case of the symmetric system (31P+45Sc), the statistical model interpretation of the data requires the change in the value of a = A/10 MeV-1. The delayed evolution of the compound system in case of the symmetric 31P+45Sc system may lead to the formation of a temperature equilibrated dinuclear complex, which may be responsible for the neutron emission at higher temperature, while the protons and alpha particles are evap orated after neutron emission when the system is sufficiently cooled down and the higher λ-values do not contribute in the formation of the compound nucleus for the symmetric entrance channel in case of charged particle emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The compound nucleus 76Kr* was populated at the excitation energy of 75 MeV and angular momentum of 39 h in fusion reactions with two complementary, mass-symmetric (31P+45Sc) and mass asymmetric (12C+64Zn) entrance channels. The neutron evaporation spectra were measured and compared with the predictions of the statistical model calculations. The results for the mass-asymmetric reaction are found to be consistent with the predictions of the statistical model calculations. However, for the mass-symmetric reaction (31P+45Sc), the experimental spectra are found to be harder than the theoretical neutron spectra. The dynamical model calculations of Feldmeier show that the formation time for the compound nucleus for the symmetric system is relatively larger as compared to the asymmetric system. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a well-established multivariate analysis technique that helps in reducing dimensions of big datasets (possibly correlated variables) into a fewer number of uncorrelated variables known as principal components. Now a day's its application can be seen in biostatistics, marketing, sociology and other fields. In order to determine the pattern of variation with a view to identifying potential improvement in the parent population, this study aims to empirically demonstrate the application of the principal component analysis by the use of grain yield and its component characteristics data for fifty maize genotypes in the North-West plain area of India were collected from AICRP Annual Maize Progress Report of Kharif 2018. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The compound nucleus 76Kr* is formed in the heavy-ion fusion reactions by an asymmetric entrance channel 12C+64Zn and the symmetric entrance channel 31P+45Sc at the excitation energy of 75 MeV and angular momentum of 39 h. Neutron energy spectra of the asymmetric system (12C+64Zn) at different angles are well described by the statistical model predictions using the normal value of the level density parameter a = A/8 MeV -1. However, in the case of the symmetric system (31P+45Sc), the statistical model interpretation of the data requires the change in the value of a = A/10 MeV-1. The delayed evolution of the compound system in case of the symmetric 31P+45Sc system may lead to the formation of a temperature equilibrated dinuclear complex, which may be responsible for the neutron emission at higher temperature, while the protons and alpha particles are evaporated after neutron emission when the system is sufficiently cooled down and the higher ℓ-values do not contribute in the formation of the compound nucleus for the symmetric entrance channel in case of charged particle emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, the influence of visible rock textures on the durability and strength characteristics of different rocks viz. shale, slate, phyllite, gneisses, granites, schists, metabasics, dolostone and quartzites were investigated. A total twenty seven rock blocks with distinct and visible textural features collected from the Himalayan terrain were studied for the purpose. The minerological and textural features of rocks were studied under optical microscope. The slake durability index (Id) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) through indirect test i.e. point load test for each group of rock types were determined in the laboratory using standard ISRM suggested methods. It has been observed that rocks located near the major geological thrusts and faults have undergone deformation because of the tectonic activity around these faults and thrusts, and thus resulted either in reduction in grain sizes or mylonitization and exhibits exceptionally higher UCS in rocks like granite and dolomite contrast to rocks located away from the thrust and fault whereas in amphibolites, the lower UCS is due to development of schistosity in amphibolites near fault/thrust. The rocks with higher mica or clay contents disintegrate faster and having lower strength values. It has been observed that the mineral contents of the rock influence their durability rather than textures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the potential of the CNTs as nanofillers in polymers. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is taken as a polymer and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are taken as nanofillers. The films of pure UHMWPE, 0.1% CNT-UHMWPE, 0.25% CNT-UHMWPE are prepared by hot drawing method. The dominating effects of manufacturing root (sonication, magnetic stirring and annealing) influencing the resulting degree of dispersion and interfacial adhesions are intensively investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrical properties of these films are investigated at different temperatures and fixed voltage. Frequency dependent capacitance and conductance of the samples has been taken at different temperatures. The capacitance of films decrease with increase in the frequency but at very high frequency value of capacitance becomes constant. The value of conductance increases with increase in the content of MWCNT in the Nanocomposite film. The Current-Voltage (C-V) characteristics has been measured which shows nearly linear dependence at low voltages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep learning has played a pivotal role in solving a wide array of problems. These powerful models can also be used for detecting mental illness. Knowing this in advance shall help individuals to utilize appropriate prophylactic measures and might even help cure them. Reddit is used to identify one's language patterns through social media posts. Machine Learning and Deep Learning are used to develop promising models that predict if a person is likely to show signs of mental illness. Machine Learning(ML) and Deep Learning(DL) based models like Logistic Regression, Artificial Neural Networks(ANN),Convolution Neural Networks(CNN) and state-of-the-art models like Bi-Directional Encoder Representations from Transformers are leveraged. Results showcase that Deep Learning shows promising results and can be utilized as an 'initial measure' of finding if a person has a mental illness and with accuracy scores of above 80% they can prove to be a 'game changer'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facile hydrothermal method had been used for the multiple phase synthesis of nickel sulphide. Mixed phase of Ni3S4 and Ni3S2 were identify by the HRXRD and its crystallite size is 34 nm. Electro-catalytic properties of the synthesized sample was examined by Cyclic stability, cyclic voltammetry and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 1 M LiOH. During analysis of electro-catalytic properties pure mixed phase of nickel sulphide was used as a working electrode without mixing of binder and conducting material. All electrochemical impedance spectroscopy parameters had been evaluated using z-fit by Ec-lab software and cyclic stability of synthesized sample 72%. All above properties showed that synthesized sample can be used as electrode in supercapacitor, Li-ion batteries etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single crystals of Gd3Ga3Al2O12 doped with Ce were grown by the Czchrolaskitechnique. The grown crystals were also co-doped with boron or calcium based on the requirement of the application. A thin disk was cut and optically polished to develop a portable camera to position the X-ray beams and measure the profile at experimental stations of Indus-2 synchrotron beam lines. The problem of saturation in using phosphor screen based cameras could be adequately resolved using these single crystals that have a faster decay component and in-house developed software as per the user requirements. A complete beam profile monitor setup has also been developed indigenously by employing these crystals. Similar crystal in a combination with a charge coupled device camera was also used for the successful imaging of electron beam profiles with electron energy up to 48 kV and beams current of 650 mA without facing the problem of saturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]