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A cooling tower is a heat rejection structure that releases waste heat into the atmosphere by lowering the temperature of a water stream. All heat-producing industries use cooling towers for cooling the water for re-circulation in the powerplant. The rectangular and circular cooling towers are the two widely used types employed in many industries. This work is focused on re-creating an induced draught cooling tower taken from industrial powerplant, which is circular in cross-section. A CFD analysis of cooling tower is carried out using ANSYS Fluent which is equipped with fan at the top allowing hot air to escape while pulling air throughout the cooling tower. The cooling tower performance was investigated in this study by calculating the effectiveness and evaporation capacities by varying air inlet angles. The cooling tower under consideration is re-created primarily for small scale industries. The modelling of the tower is done by considering industrial design aspects and dimensions taken from an existing thermal powerplant. The heat exchange that is taking place inside the cooling tower is visualized where temperature contours are studied carefully for various arrangements of air inlets. These arrangements are usually flat and inclined air inlets having inclinations at 30° with respect to vertical and horizontal axes. A cooling tower model with air inlet arranged at 30° inclined to both vertical and horizontal axes resulted in higher heat exchange rates with temperature drop of hot water upto 22°C. A validation with theoretically calculated evaporation capacities is made and comparison of the same is done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aluminum and magnesium alloys are used to make alloy rims in the automotive sector. In contrast to pure metals, alloys are combinations of metals and other elements with a higher strength level. A 3D model can be used to generate a design space via topology optimization, a mathematical approach. To make the design more efficient, it then eliminates or displaces material within it. When mixing materials, the objective function does not take aesthetics or manufacturing ease into account. At the very least, we need to tell the technique how much weight it can handle and how far it can go. Because the spokes and hub area are smaller, they contribute less weight to an aluminum alloy wheel rim. The topology optimization is carried out on a car wheel rim in ANSYS, and stress analysis is done on the rim body before and after optimization. The von-mises stresses induced in the wheel rim before optimizations are 3.3MPa and the stresses caused after optimization are 3.25MPa. This is a reduction of 0.5MPa from the original model, which is considered in the tolerance limit. Whereas the reduction in the mass density of the alloy wheel rim was about 17.4% which was achieved corresponding to the following optimization using simulations with a 70% retention rate in volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Welding is a fabrication technique that is used in a variety of applications all around the world. For welding ferrous materials, a variety of welding procedures and techniques were employed, including arc welding. Welding creates residual stresses that must be addressed since they can cause fractures in the specimen. An examination of such stress is required in order to take suitable precautions in order to maximize the strength and life of the welded specimen. Destructive or non-destructive testing is used to estimate residual stress during these inspections. The study of residual stress in welding joints can be done using a non-destructive analysis method. For the analysis of residual stresses, a simulation tool is used. In the simulation done, the results showed that residual stresses are dependent on the thickness of the weld and the velocity of the weld above the specimen. The relationship between residual stress and weld thickness and velocity has been investigated using real-time aspects of manual metal arc welding, characteristics simulation, and the changes in stress are studied and have been further optimized. The stress changes that occur when the velocity and thickness of the weld change have been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The automobile's skeletal base frame structure, the chassis is responsible for carrying all of the vehicle's weight and supporting loads. Shock, twist, vibration, and other stresses must be absorbed by the chassis. Having adequate bending stiffness is an important consideration in chassis design, as it improves the vehicle's handling. Assembled with axles and a suspension system, a ladder frame chassis acts as a cohesive block to absorb stresses. An ANSYS simulation tool is used to perform structural and random vibration analyses for the theoretically calculated loading conditions. Simulated loading conditions are applied to the C cross-section chassis design. Various steels, such as A710, A4130, ST-52, structural steel, mild steel and wrought iron, are compared to determine the body's dynamic stability. Stability and damping characteristics provided by cross members and leaf springs are typically overlooked in structural analyses of single-frame chassis. Pre-defined loads and random vibrations are used in this study to evaluate the dynamic stability characteristics of the structure. Ladder-frame chassis design must integrate the axles and suspension system into a skeletal design in order to achieve this. The random vibration analysis when carried out resulted in the maximum stress is 300.82GPa in Mild Steel, while the minimum stress is identified as 139.6GPa in A710 Steel. The stresses induced are also less in A710 steel which is recommended when subjected to dynamic loading conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a two-axis active two-axial radial magnetic bearing (RMB) for magnetically suspended wheel (MSW) or magnetically suspended control moment gyroscope, it is possible to build and construct a magnetic bearing system for agile satellite applications (MSCMG). This bearing has an axial position stiffness that may be used in the axial direction, as well as tilting stiffness can be used to limit the rotor's rotation when it is subjected to gyroscopic torque. To improvise these stiffness factors on both axial and radial bearings here we have studied an example by varying various stresses and deformations on the model designed in ANSYS. Radial magnetic bearing with bias permanent magnet is used to stabilize the rotation of the rotor in two directions that are orthogonal to the rotational direction. Traditional magnetic circuit methods are ineffective in assessing system performance because of the strong coupling between force and moment caused by the complicated distribution of flux density in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]