Search

In this article, we determine modular identities on Ramanujan's product of theta-functions ψ(−q) and f(q) which is similar to ai,j and their explicit evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NiWO4, Ni(OH)2 and novel combination of NiWO4@Ni(OH)2 have been hydrothermally synthesized for clean energy production via electrochemical water splitting. The physical and electrochemical behavior of NiWO4, Ni(OH)2 and NiWO4@Ni(OH)2 were reported. The nanocomposite formation was confirmed by predominant diffraction peaks of both NiWO4 and Ni(OH)2 phase in X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. Nanocomposite formation and its phonon vibration modes were identified by Raman spectra. The fabricated electrodes were optimized in the half-cell electrochemical set-up and cyclic votammogram (CV) study resulted the well defined redox peak. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) of the fabricated electrodes were examined by linear sweep voltammogram (LSV) as 0.97 mA/g at 10 mV/s scan rate for the nanocomposite and also the smaller semicircle region of Rct was also obtained for the same NiWO4@Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite. All the fabricated electrode was investigated for its stability under continuous electrochemical reaction for 12 h. From the obtained results, the dual phase NiWO4@Ni(OH)2 revealed highly performed OER activity via electrochemical water splitting approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nano size transition metal oxides are attracted the attention of researchers due to its interesting electrochemical properties. Here, vanadium oxide (V5O9) nanostructures were synthesized by one pot hydrothermal route where three different kinds of acids were used such as H2SO4, HCl and HNO3 to synthesize V5O9 and its physico-chemical studies were examined. The structural parameters of the obtained products were investigated from XRD data. Anorthic structure of vanadium oxide (V5O9) phase was confirmed from XRD spectra. Vibration of V-O in V5O9 was confirmed by FTIR. Interstitial vacancies and oxygen related deficiencies present in the sample were confirmed from PL spectra. The typical nanoplate morphology of V5O9 was confirmed by SEM images. The excellent pseudocapacitive storage behavior was achieved as 218 F/g at 10 mV/s scan rate for V5O9 nanoplates synthesized by using H2SO4. The better conductivity and high charge discharge specific capacitance were also achieved for the same electrode. Hence, the strong acidic nature of H2SO4 is concluded as the better mineralizing agent for producing suitable electrode for future energy storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pure and cerium doped nickel oxide nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method. Structural, optical, and morphological properties were studied by employing XRD, Raman, PL, and SEM analyses. The information about the functional group and chemical structure of the prepared sample was analyzed through FTIR. Electrochemical studies exhibited good specific capacitance value of 395 F/g at 10 mV/s for 6% of cerium doped nickel oxide electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu2S nanopowders were prepared by sol gel combustion method. X-ray diffraction study confirmed tetragonal structure of crystalline (110) plane. Cu2S nanostructure revealed nanorod like morphology. The strong and sharp Raman peaks observed at 474 cm−1 revealed covellite structure. PL emission at 360 nm confirmed material near band edge emission. The IR spectra revealed Cu-S vibration band observed at 607 cm−1. The electrochemical characteristics of synthesized nanomaterial were investigated by cyclic voltammetric analysis. Cu2S exhibits 547 F/g specific capacitance at 0.5 A/g current density obtained by using 1M KOH as electrolytic solution. These results indicated its promising behavior towards electrochemical energy storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrothermal synthesis technique was employed to synthesize bare and Ag doped WO3 electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting process for sustainable energy production. The structural confirmation of the bare and Ag (5% and 10%) doped WO3 samples were done by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Monoclinic crystal structure was confirmed. The active vibrations of O-W-O in WO3 structure was confirmed by Raman spectra. O-W-O stretching and functional groups were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The electrochemical water splitting nature of products was characterized by linear sweep voltammetry. The current density was achieved as 812 mA/g with low over potential for 5% Ag doped WO3 electrode. The higher charge transfer was reported for the same electrode with very good electrochemical stability over 24 h of continuous electrochemical OER activity. From the results, it is confirmed that the optimum dopant concentration and the fine morphological engineering in WO3 with high oxygen vacancies present in the sample would be recommended as one of the efficient electrodes utilized for sustainable energy production applications via electrochemical water splitting technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NiS, CuS and dual phase NiS@CuS composite nanostructures were successfully synthesized via hydrothermal method. The synthesized material was subjected to structural and morphological studies using XRD and SEM. The rhombohedral and hexagonal phase of NiS and CuS was confirmed from XRD. The combination of rhombohedral NiS and hexagonal CuS together formed to produce NiS@CuS was revealed. The nanorod, agglomerated nanosheet like structures and its combination were also confirmed for NiS, CuS and NiS@CuS respectively from SEM images. FTIR spectral analysis of the prepared samples confirmed its metal sulfur vibration and also the functional groups on its surface. Predominant S(3p) with Ni(3d) emission and interstitial defects were confirmed from PL study. Further, CV measurement shows the perfect redox activity of the prepared electrodes at 10mV/s scan rate. Comparatively NiS@CuS showed very good specific area from CV curve and also the excellent water oxidation behavior from LSV as 240 mA/g at 10 mV/s. The very small Rct along with 71% retention after 12h was observed for the same nanocomposite electrode. Thus, the experimental results evidenced that NiS@CuS electrode is revealed as the excellent catalyst for electrochemical water oxidation for producing clean energy with zero CO2 emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solution based synthesis of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanostructures were synthesized by optimized solvothermal processing technique. The orthorhombic phase of good crystalline V2O5 nanostructures were confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction analysis by the high intense peak of (101) plane. Treatment time was varied as 12, 25 and 36h of solvothermal optimization was processed and the influence of processing time on its structural, morphological and electrochemical properties was revealed in this work. Characteristic Raman active vibrations of orthorhombic V2O5 was confirmed by V=O stretching and V-O-V vibrations respectively. Emission behavior of the nanostructures and metal oxygen vibrations were analyzed by photoluminescence (PL) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images evidently explored the formation of different nanostructures depend on various processing time such as agglomerated undefined nanostructures, nano-cuboids and thin nanosheets respectively. Catalyzing nature of the advocated electrode was reported as 285 mA/g at 10mV/s through linear sweep voltammogram (LSV) study. Rapid transfer of electrons and good electrochemical stability for 15h was also reported for the advocated electrode which could be suggested that the physical and electrochemical behavior of the electrode was very sensitive to the treatment time optimized during synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, mixed phase molybdenum oxides (MoO3/Mo5O14) nanostructures were synthesized by an effective and environmental friendly sol-gel method. The tetragonal and orthorhombic phase confirmation of MoO3 and Mo5O14 nanostructures were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Vibration behavior of mixed phase molybdenum oxides was characterized by Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The optical properties of samples were also characterized by photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Further, the samples were fabricated as electrodes on GCE electrode and the electrochemical properties of mixed phase MoO3/Mo5O14 nanostructures were investigated by LSV, EIS and CA Studies. The catalyzing ability of HER activity was reported at the minimum potential -0.043 V was reported. Conductivity and high electron transfer kinetics were revealed by electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) and chronoamperometry (CA) study. The results clearly suggested that the mixed phase molybdenum oxide exhibited outstanding performance towards highly efficient electrochemical HER activity via water splitting process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of undoped and Ni doped CdO was synthesized by simple hydrothermal technique. The influence of Ni dopant on crystal structure, optical properties and antibacterial studywas observed. The X ray diffraction studies reveal the prepared CdO nanoparticles had good crystallinity and cubic phase with (111), (200), (220), (311) and (222) orientations. The absorption band at different wave numbers assigned to different functional group in FTIR and also confirmed the metal oxygen vibration at 465 cm-1. The SEM image shows that the pure CdO sample showsagglomeration of particles or grains. The Ni doped CdO shows some agglomeration with spheroid like structure by the addition of the dopant. The present work is aimed at investigating antibacterial activity of undoped and Ni doped CdO. The antibacterial activity was carried out at different concentration (50, 100, 150µg/µl) in vitro against two gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 3160), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 441) and two gram negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginos (MTT 741), Escherichia coli (ESBL 3984) and from the zone of inhibition confirmed that the Ni doped CdO can be used as the good antibacterial agent. The present study guides the new route of application of pure and Ni doped CdO nanomaterial in environmental and biomedical areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MoS2 nanostructure was successfully synthesized by employing one step solvothermal route for electrochemical water splitting applications. Generally, MoS2 nanostructures played a very important role in electrochemical energy field due to its unique physical and chemical properties [1]. In the present study, bare and Ni incorporated MoS2 nanostructures were synthesized via solvothermal route and the rhombohedral phase formation for bare and 5% Ni doped MoS2 was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. On further increasing the dopant concentration as 10%, the phase transformation was strongly influenced and thereby the rhombohedral phase was turned as monoclinic Mo2S3 phase and was evidenced by strong diffraction peak of plane (-101). The phase changing mechanism of Ni dopant on MoS2 nanostructures was also revealed. The luminescent nature of the synthesized nanostructures was studied by photoluminescence (PL) spectra. FTIR result clearly demonstrated the Mo-S vibration of two different phases. SEM images clearly revealed the clumsy growth of nanorods for both the phases of nanostructures. The electrochemical water splitting efficiency of different phase molybdenum sulfides have been explored by cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chronoampherometry (CA) studies. The best efficient 10% Ni doped Mo2S3 electrode governed the specific capacitance of 1207 F/g at 10 mV/s scan rate with higher current density of 193 mA/g with good conductivity. Moreover, the very good electrochemical stability was reported for the efficient electrode for 18 h with zero percent decay of its activity even after 18 h of excellent electrochemical water oxidation process. Mechanism of dopant and phase nature on electrochemical performance of the electrode was revealed. Hence, the favorable phase, dopant and morphology of molybdenum sulfide nanostructures for electrochemical water splitting applications were explored in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel PVP supported multi-phase nanocomposite electrocatalysts has been synthesized by one step solvothermal route. Successful attempting of achieving multi-phase CuBi2O4@CuO@α-Bi2O3 nanocomposite electrocatalyst has been confirmed by well-built diffraction peaks obtained through XRD. Phonon vibration modes, oxygen defects and metal-oxygen vibrations present in the nanocomposite has been confirmed by Raman, PL and FTIR studies. The estimation of optical band gap for CuBi2O4@CuO@α-Bi2O3 nanocomposite was 1.77 eV. The rice like nanoparticle morphology has been examined by SEM images. The multi-phase formation and growth mechanism achieved by PVP linkaging agent has been discussed. The maximum oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of CuBi2O4@CuO@α-Bi2O3 nanocomposite achieved as 0.14 mA/g with lowest over potential of 135 mV/decade and the excellent stability over 3h with 0.2 mA/g current density. From this report, we have strongly recommended that PVP capping agent is the most suitable surfactant for highly active multiphase nanocomposite electrocatalyst rather than single phase binary metal oxides for electrochemical water splitting application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, synthesis of β-V2O5 nanorods by solvothermal method was adopted at optimum experimental conditions by varying the concentration of NaOH as 0.5M, 1M, 1.5M and 2M. The obtained products were characterization by following techniques, XRD, RAMAN, FTIR, and FESEM. The XRD results reveal the formation of β-V2O5 nanorods and its crystalline nature was confirmed by its lattice parameters. The Raman analysis shows a peak at 485, 770 and 998 cm−1 corresponds to the vibration of O-V-O bonds. Similarly the FITR peaks appeared at the 530 and 786 cm−1 can be attributed to the symmetric stretching of Metal Oxide (V-O). The morphology and its structure of β-V2O5 nanorods can be analysized by the FESEM techniques and its images shows the formation of β-V2O5 nanorods with different dimensions. The role of concentration of NaOH can be studied by comparing the FESEM micrographs. It is clearly evident from FESEM images as the concentration of NaOH increases from 0.5 M to 2M, the shape and size of the change rapidly and the surface effect results in the mesoporous features on the surface of nanorods. Its note worthy as the concentration of NaOH increases results in the flattening of nanorods could be observed due more of interaction of NaOH precursor solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The surfactant free SnO2 nanostructure was successfully synthesized by simple one pot hydrothermal route and its physico-chemical properties were investigated. XRD result confirmed the formation of tetragonal SnO2 nanostructure. Raman spectrum revealed two Raman active modes (Eg +A2u) of SnO2 nanostructure. SEM images revealed nanoplate array formation of SnO2. The well defined metal oxygen vibration band (O-Sn-O) at 609 cm−1 was confirmed through FTIR spectrum. The electrochemical properties of the sample were examined by employing four different electrolytes such KCl, KOH, Na2SO4 and NaOH respectively. The highest specific capacitance of about 120.41 F/g for 5 mV/s and good conductivity was observed for the electrolyte KCl by cyclic voltammogram (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An attempt was made to synthesis the copper doped tin oxide (Cu-SnO2) nanoparticles by adopting different chelating agents (NaOH, KOH and C2H2O4) by Sol-gel process. The synthesized products were characterized by XRD, Photoluminescence (PL), Infra- Red (FTIR) and SEM analysis. The XRD confirms the formation of Cu-SnO2 shows the maximum peak at 33.8° with lattice plane (101). The PL peak at 361 and 382 nm due to the recombination of electron in conduction band to valence band infers the optical properties. The IR spectra correspond to the peak at 551 and 620 cm−1 attributed to the characteristics peak for Cu-SnO2 nanoparticles. The SEM images for all three Cu-SnO2 nanoparticles formed by three chelating agent (NaOH, KOH and C2H2O4) facilitates the formation mechanism and the chelating agent Oxalic acid results in formation of nano flowers with diverse layers orientated in random direction. Further SEM studies reveal that, the Cu-SnO2 nanoparticles formed by oxalic acid could posses high surface area with large number layered structured enables the better electrochemical properties and its applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work the effect of concentration of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in the synthesis of Nickel doped Manganese oxide (Ni-MnO2) nanoparticles have been carried out by adopting the sol-gel process. The synthesized products were characterized by XRD, Infra- Red (FTIR) and SEM analysis. The XRD confirms the formation of Ni-MnO2 nanoparticles illustrate peak at 31.4° with lattice plane (-231). The IR spectra correspond to the peak at 592 and 846 cm-1 attributed to the characteristics peak for Ni-MnO2 nanoparticles. The SEM images for all three Ni-MnO2 nanoparticles for different concentration of CTAB allows us to assess the formation route of nano tentacles from 10 mM, 30 mM and 50 mM. The configured nano tentacles of Ni-MnO2 nanoparticles presumably leads to more significantly change its properties, particularly in its electrochemical properties show the ways to be suitable candidates for supercapacitor, battery, photo catalytic and fuel cell applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facile and economically viable one step hydrothermal route was adapted to synthesis SnO2/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite with and without hexamine (HMT) as surfactant successfully. The formation of SnO2/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite was confirmed through XRD, Raman, PL and FTIR studies. The presence of well defined XRD diffraction peaks of both SnO2 and α-Fe2O3 revealed the formation SnO2/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite. The obtained characteristic Raman active (Eg+Eg+Eu+A2u) mode of vibrations confirmed the formation of SnO2/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite. Photoluminescence study revealed the emission behavior of the product. Metal oxygen vibrations of Fe-O in both octahedral, tetrahedral sites and Sn-O were confirmed by the bands located at 466, 580 and 673 cm−1 respectively through FTIR. The spherical morphology of the product synthesized with and without the surfactant HMT has been revealed by SEM images. The electrochemical behavior of the product was investigated through CV and EIS studies in 1M Na2SO4 electrolyte solution and obtained the highest specific capacitance of 211.25 F/g at 5 mV for the surfactant assisted product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High quality Ni-doped CeO2 (CeO2:Ni) thin films were deposited on glass substrates at room temperature by using radiofrequency magnetron sputtering. The effect of annealing temperature on structural and optical properties of the CeO2:Ni films was investigated. The structural, optical and vibrational properties of the films were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence spectrometer (PL) and Raman spectrometer. It was found that the as-deposited film has a fluonte cubic structure. By increasing annealing temperature from 100°C to 300°C, the crystalline quality of the thin films could be improved. The UV and visible band emissions were observed in the photoluminescence spectra, due to exciton, defect related emissions respectively. The micro-Raman results show the characteristic peak of CeO2 F2g at 465 cm-1 and 2LO at 1142 cm-1. Defect peaks like D and O bands were observed at 641 cm-1 and 548 cm-1 respectively. It is found from the spectra that the peak intensity of the films increased with increase of annealing temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report systematic studies of the magnetic properties of Ni and Mn co-doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared by co-precipitation method. Structural characterization reveals that Ni and Mn ions substituted into ZnO lattices without any secondary phases formation. Photoluminescence and Raman spectra shows that the Ni/Mn were doped into the ZnO lattice resulting slight shift in near-band-edge emission. Moreover, the novel Raman peak at 586 cm-1 indicates two kinds of cations via doping that could affect the local polarizability. Magnetic measurements of the nanoparticles exhibits ferromagnetic behavior at room-temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanostructures with improved surface area by the addition of Citric Acid (CA) as a metal capping agent is reported. Citric acid is added to the mother precursor in three different concentrations for the preparation of ZnO nanostructure. The influence of the citric acid as a capping agent has been studied both in the preparation of ZnO nanopowders and in the ordered array formation on the precoated ZnO seed layer over glass substrates. The addition of this capping agent has shown up clearly in the morphology of the nanostructures. The X-ray diffraction patterns has shown a diminished crystallinity and a increased full width half maximum (FWHM) in the preferred oriented diffraction peak. The peak broadening is an indication of the reduced crystallite size. This cause of the inhibition in growth is realized to be the effect of capping action of citric acid. The optical property of the ZnO nanostructure was characterized by UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, p-n hetrojunctions based on p-NiO and n-ZnO composite nanostructures were successfully deposited by sol-gel spin coating method. Structural investigations indicate well aligned ZnO nanorods with hexagonal faces having a preferential orientation along the c-axis (002). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize, the p-n heterostructures formed grain like spherical structure of NiO fully covered the hexagonal rods of ZnO in the NiO/ZnO thin film and elements were confirmed from EDX analysis. PL and micro-Raman spectra of the deposited films showed the variation in luminescence and structural properties due to the formation of heterojuction of NiO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerium oxide (CeO2) thin films were deposited on glass substrates by sputtering at various substrate temperatures. CeO2 films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FESEM, PL and Raman analyses. X-ray diffraction patterns of films reveal fcc cubic structure with preferential orientation along (2 2 0) crystallographic plane. SEM images show that the particles are uniformly distributed on the film surface. The films were found to be well adheared to the substrates and pin holes are not observed on the surface of the films. PL spectra exhibits a strong near band-gap-edge emission and a broad blue, green luminescence, which can be assigned to the presence of Ce and O vacancies, amorphous phases, deep level impurities and structural defects. The relative intensity between the different peaks of the bands related to defects or impurities was studied as a tool for quality control of the films. Moreover, vibrational measurements through Raman analysis were carried out and the results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We systematically investigated the structural, morphological and optical properties of 0.05 mol % Al doped ZnO (Al:ZnO) thin films deposited on glass substrates by sol-gel spin coating method. The influences of Al doping in ZnO thin films are characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction study. ZnO and Al:ZnO thin films have showed hexagonal wurtzite structure without any secondary phase in c-axis (002) orientation. The SEM images also proved the hexagonal rod like morphologies for both films. All the films exhibited transmittance of 70-80% in the visible range up to 800 nm and cut-off wavelength observed at ~390 nm corresponding to the fundamental absorption of ZnO. The band gap of the ZnO thin films slightly widened with the Al doping. The photoluminescence properties have been studied for Al: ZnO thin films and the results are presented in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pure and Ni added zinc oxide thin films were prepared by sol-gel method using spin-coating technique on glass substrates. The influences of nickel on ZnO thin films are characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction study. Pure and Ni added thin films are hexagonal wurtzite structure without any secondary phase in c-axis orientation. The SEM images of thin films show uniform sphere like particles covered completely on glass substrates. All the films exhibit transmittance of 85-95% in the visible range up to 800nm and cut-off wavelength observed at 394 nm corresponding to the fundamental absorption of ZnO. The photoluminescence property for pure and Ni added ZnO thin films has been studied and results are presented in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnesium added NiO and Co3O4 nanoparticles were prepared from microwave assisted method. The cubic phase natures of NiO, Co3O4 nanoparticles have been ascertained from X-ray diffraction. XRD pattern reveals the size of the particles was reduced to quantum level for NiO than Co3O4 due to the addition of magnesium ion. FTIR spectra have been performed to identify the vibration peaks of metal oxygen. Room temperature magnetic measurement ensures small ferromagnetic nature for Mg added NiO with higher saturation magnetization. superparamagnetic nature was examined for Mg added Co3O4 nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molybdenum oxide (MoO3) nanostructures were grown on different substrates such as glass, indium tin oxide coated glass and fluorine doped glass by thermal evaporation of MoO3 powder at elevated temperature (7500C) using tube furnace without any catalyst and then by subsequent O2/Ar flow rate. The morphology, composition and crystal structure were examined by using SEM, EDAX, Laser Raman and XRD. The films are polycrystalline with well-defined diffraction peaks and it consist of MoO3 with ɑ-orthorhombic structure. The synthesized MoO3 belongs to different morphologies, generally nanobelt and nanohunk structures. The EDAX spectra confirm the films are composed only of Mo and O atoms. The O/Mo ratio is nearly equal to 3 that shows the stoichiometry of MoO3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

4 N, N-dimethylamino N methyl stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) is an excellent organic nonlinear optical material. Single crystal of DAST has been grown by solution growth method using allyl alcohol as a solvent for the first time. Its electro optic properties such as half wave voltage and electro optic figure of merit have been measured for the first time by field induced birefringence method corresponding to the wavelength of 632 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SnS thin film was successfully deposited on ITO substrate using cathodic electrodeposition technique from aqueous solution consisting of tin chloride and sodium thiosulphate. The deposited film was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction and SEM analyses. The XRD pattern reveals that films were in polycrystalline nature with orthorhombic structure. The microstructural parameters like crystallite size, dislocation density and microstrain were calculated from the XRD data obtained. Nano-hillocks shaped grains were observed from SEM micrographs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NiS/ZnS multilayer thin films were prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique by successive coatings of nickel, zinc and sulphur. The X-ray diffraction was used to obtain structural characterization for the multilayer thinfilms, the crystalline size of 50 nm. The Scanning Electron Microscope techniques were employed to study the internal structure and indentified as of hexagonal structure. An EDAX spectrum confirms the compositional analysis of nickel, zinc and sulphur in nominal composition. The photoluminescence behaviour of NiS/ZnS multilayered system consists in the superposition independent photoluminescence emission in blue shift. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly conductive and transparent zinc oxide thin films were prepared on well cleaned glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) and effect of deposition time were investigated. The crystalline nature increases with increase in deposition time whereas the diffraction angle remains same for ali the films. The flower shapes were initially formed as assemblies on glass substrates and the optical property of the ZnO nanostructure were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gas sensing property of Tungsten oxide (WO3) nanostructures films have been grown on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates by thermal evaporation technique without vacuum and catalyst. Tungsten trioxide (WO3) powder has been used as a source material and then by subsequent O2/Ar flow rate. High density with uniform morphology WO3 film was obtained. Morphology and phase structure of the nanostructure film have been characterized by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Laser Raman spectroscopy. The samples were investigated as resistive gas sensor of ethanol gases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate the chemical synthesis of Co doped SnO nanoparticle and subsequently the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and ultraviolet spectroscopy were employed to characterize the phase, particle size, composition and bandgap of the particles. Well crystalline diffraction peaks with tetragonal phase were observed from XRD. SEM analysis reveals that the formation of nano sheets with different sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gas sensing property of Tungsten oxide (WO3) nanostructures films have been grown on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates by thermal evaporation technique without vacuum and catalyst. Tungsten trioxide (WO3) powder has been used as a source material and then by subsequent O2/Ar flow rate. High density with uniform morphology WO3 film was obtained. Morphology and phase structure of the nanostructure film have been characterized by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Laser Raman spectroscopy. The samples were investigated as resistive gas sensor of ethanol gases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cupric oxide (CuO) thin films are deposited using SILAR method onto various substrates. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the deposited films are polycrystalline in nature with monoclinic structure. The microstructural parameters of chemical bath deposited CuO thin films are calculated using the structural studies. The optical band gap value is determined using transmission spectrum of CuO thin films and the results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single crystals of cadmium manganese thiocyanate (CMTC) have been synthesized successfully and grown by slow evaporation method. The structural perfection of the grown crystals has been analyzed by High resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), which shows the crystalline perfection of the grown crystal is quite good. Optical behavior was assessed by UV-Vis analysis and found that no absorption in the UV visible region and it may be useful for second harmonic applications. The mechanical hardness of the grown crystals was studied and Vicker's microhardness, Stiffness constant was calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single crystals of pure and amino acid (L-arginine) doped γ-glycine single crystals have been grown from aqueous solution by employing slow evaporation method. Morphological changes in different crystallographic planes were observed in the L-arginine doped γ-glycine crystals. Incorporation of L-arginine was confirmed qualitatively by FTIR spectroscopy. Powder X-ray diffraction was carried out to confirm γ-glycine and assess the single phase nature of the crystals. The lower cutoff wavelength was decreased by the influence of L-arginine in γ-glycine and this leads to an increase in the band gap. Nonlinear optical study revealed that L-arginine doping increases the SHG efficiency of the glycine crystal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycrystalline cupric oxide (CuO) thin films were deposited using alkaline solution bath employing cathodic electrodeposition method. The thin films were electrodeposited at various solution pH. The surface morphology and elemental analyzes of the films were studied using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), respectively. SEM studies revealed that the surface morphology could be tailored suitably by adjusting the pH value during deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]