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There is a growing interest in the field of brain-computer interface (BCI) that uses electroencephalography (EEG) to connect the brain to external devices. BCI aims to provide people with special needs the ability to make autonomous decisions in so-called "smart homes" defined as a regular home place equipped with smart phone related technologies. Smart homes enable the inhabitants to control household devices like turning on/off the lights, the fans, air conditioning, and T.V. or opening and closing doors and windows as well as monitoring smart phones. Knowing that a significant progress has been made on regular users for smart homes, it is highlighted that less attention is focused on those with special needs, with mobility issues or quadriplegia; novel inventions have been developed to address such mobility issues. The recent advancement of this new technology opens a plethora of possibilities for patients to use their brain waves to control artificial prosthetic arms and legs. The present paper is an overview of state-of-the-art studies that incorporate BCI in medical applications such as operating a robotic arm, smart home, and smart phones. These studies enhanced our understanding of the different uses of BCI. However, the majority of the studies had a small number of participants which limits the generalization of their findings. Second, the application of BCI in the majority of studies is still a prototype. This paper recommends increasing the number of participants in future studies and apply BCI technologies on real life situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advent of technology, the development of Smart Home Controllers has seen rapid growth in recent years, especially IoT (Internet of Things) for smart devices. However, because many household equipments and appliances are not IoT enabled, they must rely on their default control mechanisms to function. Besides several microcontrollers and protocols in practice, still IoT misses being called entirely user friendly and smart. This paper presents a coalescence of IoT and AR (Augmented Reality) to use gestures to manage domestic appliances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents the VPN network security method applied to a simulated design of a Smart Home Network using IPSec protocol. The developed system allows a user on a remote, trusted network to access and control home devices in the same way that the homeowner does. The connection channel between that remote network and the smart home network must be secured, and the data transferred must be maintained and cannot be altered. This can be achieved using the VPN technology and IPSec, which is considered one of the most powerful protocols used with this technology. The developed design, with its security technology, can be applied in real networks and can only benefit from using the Internet in a secure way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we are going to discuss about smart home control of our home appliances using telegram bot. As technology arises, we are going into smarter world and daily new technologies are invented Smart home automation can be done through so many ways like webservers and websites but now we are trying it using telegram application which is available in windows and android mobile phones. In this project, we are going to use both manual and automated controls for our home appliances to control anywhere form world. We will install a package in raspberry pi through that we can run our home appliances anywhere form world. This can be done using raspberry pi, we can also use other microcontrollers, but we are performing the home automation in raspberry pi version 3 board. This decreases manpower to manually switching the appliances and it also helps people saving electricity as through an application we can control whole home appliances in our homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the major emerging sectors that has the potential to alter how people live is the smart home. A typical wireless smart home automation system enables one to operate household appliances from a wirelessly connected to a central control unit. For these appliances to work properly together and with the control unit, they typically need to be specially built. One can wirelessly control air conditioners, lights, fans, television sets, security cameras, computer systems, audio/visual equipment, electronic doors, etc. withthe developed system, which can be integrated into a single small unit. One can also turn ON or OFF any appliance that is plugged into an electrical outlet., find out the state of various sensors and make a judgementbased on it. The system is designed to be simple to install, setup, use, and maintain. Soon, voicewill be the main point of contact between people and technology. The issue is the state of the elderly or disabled, who frequently need outside aid to move around and are unable to help themselves. Those who live alone could also want assistance around the house. As a result, a system for voice-controlled wireless control of household appliances is created so that users can carry out specific operations using voice commands. In our present day to day life in smart home devices can be controlled using a single platform like google assistant or Alexa. This paper mainly focuses on developing one product which can be controlledusing multiple devices. This paper is based on the integration of various sensors like LDR sensor, temperature sensor, IR sensor and humidity sensor which collect the information and process the output based on the user commands. It also focuses on developing a universal remote using IR sensor to control multiple devices using a smartphone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a popular and emerging technology that has impacted various aspects of our lives with the advancement of technology, an increasing number of fields have started to apply IoT technology to improve efficiency, and automation, reduce costs, and enhance user experiences. This paper investigates the applications of IoT in the manufacturing, healthcare, and smart home sectors, as well as the key technologies involved in IoT applications, including sensor technology, wireless communication, the cloud, big data analytics, and AI. These technologies provide a foundation and support for the implementation of IoT applications. We also discuss the technical and societal challenges IoT technology faces in its development, such as security, privacy, and the acceptance of new technologies by different groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart homes represent an emerging area of the Internet of Things (IoT), providing innovative solutions for improving comfort, safety and energy efficiency in residential environments. This article conducts a relatively comprehensive exploration of the design and implementation of environment sensing and automatic control systems in smart homes. The study begins with an in-depth look at environmental sensing technology, elucidating the critical role that sensors play in collecting data on various environmental parameters. Specifically, it details temperature and humidity sensing, light and brightness sensing, and motion and presence sensing, clarifying their deployment and integration in smart home systems. This paper takes a closer look at automation control system design, elucidating the architecture, control algorithms, decision-making systems, user interfaces and remote safety protocols. Additionally, it highlights the need to address security and privacy concerns to ensure the integrity of these systems. The discussion extended into technical challenges and solutions, revealing the complexities of data processing and analysis, as well as those surrounding communications and interconnections. Solutions include data filtering, edge computing and standardized communication protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of modern science and technology, people's lifestyle is gradually developing in the trend of intelligence and automation, and the emergence and development of smart homes is part of making life more comfortable. This research explores into the synergy between environmental awareness and automated control systems, aiming to create comfortable, sustainable, and energy-saving living environments. The study investigates various sensors, such as temperature, humidity, access control, and light sensors. By designing closed-loop systems with these sensors, different controllers like proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers, and other components, the lighting, heating, and cooling systems can automatically adjust due to changes in environmental conditions and user preferences through feedback signal of the system. These systems play a great role in the further development of smart homes, not only improve the quality of people's daily life, but also improve the safety and privacy of the living environment, and the wide application in different industries has also promoted the development of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of Internet of Things technology can be implemented in various fields to solve various kinds of problems. The Lighting Control and Monitoring System for Smart Home is one of the applications of the Internet of Things in the property sector, especially in homes. Homes have various kinds of electrical equipment such as lights and often homeowners forget to turn off the lights or other electrical equipment, this causes several negative impacts, such as growing electricity bills, but the presence of IoT can minimize these negative impacts. The capabilities of the Internet of Things that are applied to smart home are used for the development of the Lighting Control and Monitoring System. This system is capable of automatic lighting at night, controlling lighting via the web and monitoring house temperatures. The activity of the lights can also be monitoring and controlling via the web, so that it is known how long the lights are on. This study aims to develop a prototype of the Lighting Control and Monitoring System for Smart Home by implementing the Internet of Things which has two subsystems, namely web applications and embedded systems. The prototype testing was carried out for 3 days with a total of 509 data obtained for sensor data with time intervals every 5 minutes and the optimal time for each record was 8 to 10 minutes and 220 for lamp data. The web apps software on the Lighting Control and Monitoring System for Smart Home was developed using the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) method and used the blackbox testing method in testing web apps by producing 34 test cases that were accepted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A home automation structure controls temperature, lighting, regular media plans, and contraptions. Since these contraptions and sensors are associated with typical establishment, they structure the Internet of Things. A home automation structure joins different controllable devices to a unified server. These automations have a UI for the purpose of seeing and controlling, which can be gotten to by using a tablet or an adaptable application device. Ideally, anything that can be associated with an alliance can be modernized and controlled from a respectable way. Adroit homes ought to be deceitfully astute systems that need to change considering client rehearses and ecological parts. This automation must observe and verify the customer's requirements, check the state of the intersection, and predict another execution. Traditional home computer architectures that essentially provide wireless access and control are not as compelling as "intelligent." As such, this article proposes using various AI development ideas close to PC vision to create dazzling, learning, robotized structures that shape the control of light. And so is the sound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an optimization approach is brought forward for optimal energy scheduling in a modern smart home. After the development of smart devices and their integration with smart grid, the end consumers have the chance to schedule their home appliances in order to decrease the overall electricity price and allaying the power Peak to Average ratio (PAR). The application pattern of home devices is observed at first for optimal energy scheduling. The home gateway (HG) obtains the demand response (DR) showing the real-time electricity price (RTEP) and later sent to energy management controller (EMC). With the Demand Response, the EMC results in the essential energy scheduling that can be sent to each electric appliance by the Home Gateway. The next feature is integrating RTEP with IBR, because if only RTEP is considered the appliances tend to be scheduled at lowest electricity price slot, this may lead to blackout during that time period. By executing this optimization method, our proposed approach could gradually reduce boththe electricity price and PAR, thereby, strengthening the stability of the entire Grid system. The optimization technique we used to solve this problem was Genetic Algorithm (GA) as the optimization problem was nonlinear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online shopping has become an alternative way for people in buying things, especially in the middle of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak crisis. Besides, it is also making life easier. The problem with online shopping is when sometimes customer could not able to receive the goods when nobody at home. And it also involved safety considerations as in normal case, the good will be left outside the premises by the courier when the recipient not at home the good might be stolen. This paper aimed to design a Smart Home Package Mailbox to secure the delivery packages receive safely with good condition by reducing the problems occurring during the delivery. The Smart Home Package Mailbox is a hardware that operates by using the Quick Response (QR) code to communicate with its system. It has two compartments level which levels two for receiving package and level one for storing the received packages. Two main android applications have been developed to support the project system. The Smart Postman application is for the postman to open the mailbox door and update data in the database. While Smart Home Mailbox application is for users to track the delivery and receive notification. Once the sending package is put inside the mailbox, the sender and the recipient will be notified regarding the delivered package. This project is able to increase courier management efficiency as well as packages being delivered within expected time with good condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of things is a little world of connected things with the integration of smart devices like sensors, actuators, gateways, gadgets etc. Smart cities, Smart home, Agriculture, Disaster management, Smart Grid, Healthcare system are some of the major applications of the Internet of Things. Machine Learning is another paradigm of the technology revolution and used as a predictive analytics technique. It is employed in about all the areas for the analysis of data. In this paper we proposed a system for the diagnosis and prediction of diseases by unification of Internet of Things and Machine Learning. Data generated by medical sensors, gadgets is fed to semantic engine to make it semantic interoperable and Machine Learning is further employed for predictive analytics. Semantic engine used Resource Description Framework (RDF) to convert data into a common format and data is retrieved using SPARQL queries and GraphDB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With increasing ecological issues, one of the most important challenges is to reduce environmental pollution and enhance energy efficiency. Family homes use a lot of energy, so it's becoming increasingly important to consider if automated homes could contribute to sustainable growth. Despite the market's abundance of smart products and investors in automated homes, customers' tolerance for this technology is declining. A major obstacle to the growth of automated homes is how to encourage customers to accept and use them. From the consumer's standpoint, the article looks into the pertinent influences that move the long-term use of automated homes before employing SEM to empirically test the proposed model based on various hypotheses. The results of the empirical investigation are based on responses from 488 Indian respondents who have previously utilized automated homes. The results have shown that users' levels of contentment are positively impacted by the quality of services and perception with respect to the usage of services included in automated homes and that a higher level of contentment encourages users to form new regular practices. Perceived usefulness, level of enjoyment, and regular practice all affect customers' propensity to use automated home services permanently; regular practice is the most significant factor in this equation. The study's findings will shed light on the motivations of current smart-home owners and provide insight into the future of the smart-home industry for companies that provide smart products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes a smart home control system, which includes lighting, microclimate and security subsystems, as well as control algorithms for various operating scenarios. The process of the system operation is described in detail, the visualization of the system is presented in the form of a 3d model. The article shows the practical significance of the system, describes its functionality. The work is of undoubted relevance, since the introduction of a house management system can improve conditions of life and achieve high energy efficiency rates. The article presents in detail each element of the control system, namely: a control device, a control object, a set of sensors. On the example of the lighting subsystem, the process of creating the entire automated control system is described. An algorithm for automatic lighting operation is obtained and described. To control the system, a human-machine interface was developed in the OpenHab program. A panel with indicators of the light sensor is presented, its functionality is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Now a day's Internet of Thing's (IoT's) is considered growing technology. Ever increasing demand of IoT devices must have reliable channels for communication therefore, security needs to be ensured. Wireless enabled IoT use to have many real-time applications which include smart education, intelligent transportation, smart home, smart grid, health care and farming etc. Data collection can be made possible with the help of massive IoT devices. Intruder directly sends illegal data packets which lead to hijack overall network. IoT-networks have improved human experience in many real-time applications. Cyber-security threats usually limit computational resources. Therefore, detection of cyber-threats is the main problem for IoT-networks. This paper presents a novel concept of leNet model-based IDS to detect cyber- attacks. Although, two benchmark datasets such as IoTID20 and CICIDS2017 are utilized for simulation. LeNet model is compared with other traditional techniques like linear discriminant analysis, quadratic discriminant analysis, support vector machine and multi-layer perceptron. Accordingly, metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, confusion matrix and correlation matrix are used for performance evaluation. Extensive analysis is performed which indicates that with IoTIDS20 dataset, LeNet achieves recall-99.91%, precision-99.74%, F1-score-99.83% and accuracy-99.68%. While, using CICIDS2017 dataset, LeNet presents optimal results in terms of recall-97.96%, precision-96.41%, F1-score- 97.18% and accuracy-98.87%. Proposed LeNet model is light weighted and adaptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the IoT (Internet of Things) plays a crucial role in many requirements of daily life, where healthcare, safety, security, and energy management are considered some of the most significant applications that rely on IoT in their operation. One of these requirements is to perform a smart home that can be controlled by a smartphone, to operate and switch off the electrical or electronic devices and sensors. This can be executed depending on the IoT capabilities to simulate and operate a smart home. This paper focused on practical home automation that involves several devices like a webcam, humidifier, ceiling fan, air conditioner, etc. By using some sensors and devices, the designed smart home is controlled and monitored. The findings revealed that smart devices and sensors can be easily added to the home gateway; additionally, this system will make real-life easier and more comfortable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the development of IoT Technology rapidly rising and provides great opportunities to develop new innovations. Moreover, the users often used new technologies to keep track of and control the appliance's energy present in their homes remotely. To hopefully maintain these characteristics within an acceptable range, a system can be set up to control and monitor them which enables residents in the smart home access to specific data. This paper describes a complete architecture of the Internet of things load sensing and energy monitoring for smart homes, with the goal of increasing the system's flexibility, usability, and reliability. BLYNK app is a platform with IOS and Android application to control the appliances and the Thingspeak platform to monitor the energy consumption are used in the proposed system which makes the interface between hardware and software. To demonstrate the proposed system, loads like lights, power plugs and Fans are used. The NodeMCU-ESP8266 microcontroller board detects various loads in the home, allowing for real-time data sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NOW DAYS, Comfort is becoming a prime concern in our daily lives. Therefore, the rise of computing and intelligent environment got here into existence. Few innovations such as encircling knowledge satisfy the greatest requirement of the technologically advanced world, but since these developments aren't completely web-integrated, people still require other innovation augmentation. Systems for home automation have generated a tonne of interest as correspondence technology has advanced. The term "smart home" refers to an Internet of Things (IoT) application that uses the Internet to monitor and manage devices utilising a home automation system. In order to automate the operation of home hardware over the internet using Google Assistant voice commands whenever and from anywhere, a model is constructed with the aid of an algorithm. The modern prototype uses an embedded Node-MCU and Arduino Nano ATmega328P micro controllers with onboard Wi-Fi guard. It employs all of the electrically connected home equipment in the home to be automated and updates the Blynk app with their data. The Blynk application on users' smart phones over the Internet allows access to the data collected from a number of sensors (Ultrasonic, temperature, humidity, gas, fire, and Electro Magnetic Door Sensor), regardless of the users' location. The Node-MCU is connected to home appliances using a pair of relays, and the action of the relays is controlled by voice commands through the use of Google Assistant. IoT home with voice command and Google Assistant is a low-effort and reliable automation device that can extensively provide accommodation, security, and assurance for residents of smart homes with an intuitive user interface for mobile devices and personal computers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing a number of industries by opening up new opportunities for applications and services. The mesh network topology used by Z-Wave, a technology specifically created for smart homes and IoT devices, allows for increased range and reliability. Yet, due to the expense and potential for physical equipment damage, understanding and experimenting with Z-Wave technology can be difficult. An educational Z-Wave simulation tool is presented as a solution to this problem. With the help of this tool, students can experiment safely and affordably with Z-Wave technology, learning at their own pace and exploring a variety of scenarios and configurations that may not be achievable with actual devices. This paper presents a simulation tool designed for educational purposes, which enables the creation of Z-Wave networks and facilitates the identification of the most efficient route between end devices. The tool serves as a valuable resource for studying and exploring Z-Wave technology in an education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work designs Face detection and recognition system to provide security to an individual living alone at home. Enhancement and improvement of this complete system is done by joining two algorithms Principle Component Analysis and Independent Component Analysis and the combination of these algorithms i.e. PICA is used for feature extraction. Firstly, the image of a person is acquired using camera, then face detection is done based on template matching and face recognition is done by Feed Forward Neural Network. This improved version of Face Recognition is combined with improved version of Voice Recognition to identify a person and to provide more secure environment to an individual living alone at home. In Voice Recognition, RASTA-Perceptual Linear Prediction with Mel Frequency Cepstal Coefficient module is used and for Face Recognition, PCA with ICA algorithms is used. There are two steps in this: if Face is recognised successfully of a person, then Voice will be recognised, if both are recognised accurately for an individual then access will be granted otherwise if any one parameter is not recognised properly then we calculate the similarity index of that individual and if it shows the value greater than 75% then only permission will be granted else the person will be declared as unknown person. This combined approach of Face Recognition with Voice Recognition performs better than previous approaches and the experiments we perform give results with 98.99% accuracy by using number of images. All the information will be send to mobile phone of family members by using MATLAB tool and Internet Dongle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) has made it possible to set up smart home security and parcel delivery. Therefore, this work proposed an automated gate system using camera for home security and parcel delivery with integrated Internet of Things (IoT). An automated gate system will capture and identify the image of face visitors and delivery riders for admin authentication to open the gate and parcel box. This proposed work is controlled and monitored through mobile apps. The primary purpose and inspiration of this work are to help the delivery rider put the parcel into the parcel box provided if there is no person in the house, and the owner can pick up the parcel without being broken or robbed when she/he comes back home. When the delivery rider presses the button near the gate, the admin will receive the notification "Someone coming,". The admin will click the "okay" button and the system will take a picture using the camera in Blynk App. After the admin verifies that is the delivery rider, the admin will open the box and the delivery rider can access the parcel door box and put the goods inside the box. Another advantage of this work, it also allows familiar people to access our home. The same process with the delivery rider where the visitor needs to press the bell and the admin needs to verify before the visitor can access the single gate. The result indicates that this work is able to monitor and control the gate and parcel door box using an IoT application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart speakers have the role of a hub for a smart home system because of convenience in controlling IoT devices with a voice command. Therefore, a smart speaker can be a new target for an attacker to infiltrate into the smart home system. As menial helpers today fill in as passage focuses to individuals' homes apparatuses and gadget regulators, getting these focuses has gotten basic, with keeping up the client's protection being first concern. Amazon Echo was launched in 2016 and is not just a savvy speaker yet works as an insightful menial helper which communicates with other different Alexa-empowered gadgets to oversee other IoT gadgets, stay associated, play music and buy books, and put together one's day. Alexa is integrated in both home and organizations to equip with remote management to help closely monitor the lives, activities of both home and organizations, seamless interaction and increasing productivity. Amazon Echo has an application that gives users ability to customize their preferences and control which is called Amazon Alexa App. Users from this app can personalize their preferences. Amazon Alexa is quipped to protect user's privacy through transparency. However, the research had highlighted certain vulnerabilities found on Amazon Echo such as in hardware, software and network and their impacts. The research further described the methods of attacks used by adversaries on these vulnerabilities found. Nevertheless, the research provided with organizational security, operational security, and the methods to deploy to defend and safeguard the automation of an organization or home based on the vulnerabilities discovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advances in innovations of IoT and individual mobile phone facilities allow connecting the real world very easily. IoT can be used in different use cases. It would be starting from our home, connecting home appliances to the nearby grocery stores, connecting the people, things and objects using smart technology applications. All this happened because of increase in demand of internet that will collect, process it and exchange the information among all efficiently. It has created revolution all over the world and positively acting as an integral part of life. The IoT involves extending internet connectivity beyond standard devices such as desktops, laptops, smartphones, and tablets, to any range of traditionally dumb or non-internet enabled physical devices and everyday objects. The technology is embedded the devices and communicates the information all over the internet. All these information is remotely monitored and controlled. In this paper a method is proposed to Convert Non-Smart Devices into IoT Enabled devices. It is a cost effective method to control the non-smart devices through IoT communication technology. This is done using a microcontroller to convert a cheap or already installed electrical device into IoT Enabled devices. The Internet of Things can help make people's lives easier. IoT devices are usually very expensive. Moreover, homes that already have bulbs and devices installed which are not IoT enabled would find it very uneconomic to upgrade to ones that can be controlled. Therefore, Microcontrollers can help us control these devices without needing to actually have devices that are IoT enabled. These devices can be anything like a light bulb, a fan, or any other appliances controlled from a switchboard. These devices are used in an IoT smart home scenario, without any additional Bluetooth/Wi-Fi chips being installed. After experimentation, we demonstrated that such "non-smart" devices can be utilized in a "smart" home scenario with some modifications to the way they are connected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presented a detailed comparison and analysis between different automation systems for home appliances. The paper contains a extensive literature survey that pulls the comparisons on different parameters viz. controllers, user interface and applications and suggests the foremost effective and efficient smart techniques and technologies like microcontrollers (GSM, Zigbee, and WIFi) that enhances the efficiency and accuracy of the house automation system, Also the paper specifies the evolution of various designs of hardware prototypes that are emerging to make a efficient and cost-effective smart home automation system within the coming recent future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article is a combination of review and technical aspects related to automated garage door. Primarily, various aspects related to smart home applications that involves controlling a garage door are surveyed and investigated. Based on various research articles, a novel yet simplified methodology is proposed for controlling the automated control of garage door. The complete methodology is based on IoT application of Arduino microcontroller. The proposed methodology utilizes ultrasonic sensor to sense the approaching vehicle. As the vehicle approaches the ultrasonic sensor analyses the distance between the garage door and the vehicle. Accordingly, the garage door is opened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present time, the demand of energy is increasing rapidly. The heavy demand of energy is in the smart cities domain as there are number of sub domains like Smart Homes, Smart Transportation, Smart Healthcare, etc. So, as the result the domain is opening the new research direction for the industrialist, researchers, and scientists. They are attracting towards the domain of smart city for different kinds of research projects. The primary concern of this paper is to focus on the energy consumption of smart homes. In this paper different Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models are being implemented and the results are analyzed to check the performance of the different models on the dataset of smart home energy consumption. This study found that the Random Forest is predicting the energy consumption with lowest error with 0.6616, 0.4377, 0.3171 RMSE, MSE, and MAE respectively. The performance of the models is being evaluated in the terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Square Error (MSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). This study found that the most suited model for energy consumption data in smart city is Random Forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IoT (Internet of Things) is a widespread technology that has taken over the contemporary digital environment. In recent years, numerous forms of IoT have become accessible according to their capabilities and uses. This will undoubtedly make lifestyles more productive but at the expense of immense energy usage and a higher footprint of carbon. Energy-efficient communication is essential to decrease energy usage, which necessitates optimum resource availability and managed power levels. IoT devices, on the other hand, have resource limitations, including those related to processing, memory, and power. The NBIoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) is a 3GPP-standardized mechanism for huge machine-type communications (mMTC). The wide-scale mMTC is intended to use it to give coverage across a significant region. As a result, NBIoT is among the most appealing LPWA (low-power wide-area) technological advances and is the preferred choice for wide-scale deployments in major developing applications, including those in healthcare, smart city, smart agriculture, retail management, utility management, object tracking, smart grid monitoring, and industrial applications due to its LPWA capabilities. It may also be used for low-power residential projects like tracking pets and smart homes. The authors have outlined the foundational ideas and practical uses of NBIoT in this paper for large-scale implementations along with issues that act as barriers to NBIoTs are recognized and explored together with future scope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the design and implementation of a private home security and management system based on a Smart Home intelligent system for monitoring and controlling most of the smart appliances. The proposed system works on real time monitoring and control so that the electrical appliances can be remotely controlled and maintaining the security of your house. It is monitored and controlled remotely from an android app. The proposed outcome of the project aims as multiple benefits of helping people for controlling their home with a high level of security because each user has his version of the application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the world's population continues to age, elderly homecare has become a viable and sustainable solution for providing support and improving the well-being of aging individuals. By allowing elderly individuals to age in place, this approach can both improve their quality of life and provide cost-effective and socially responsible care. Especially in Aizuwakamatsu City, the problem of population aging is a very serious problem. Although home-based elderly care systems exist, they have room for improvement in terms of efficiency and security. Currently, these systems are not functioning at their best levels, and there is potential for further development to make them more efficient and secure for elderly individuals. The paper proposes a Home-based Elderly Care solution which makes use of the 5G mobile network slicing and describes how 5G network slicing can accommodate Smart Home - a popular IoT application. The state-of-the-art technologies pertaining to Smart Home is thoroughly studied and the findings summarized. The paper outlines the implementation and pilot of a smart home network slicing solution, including a secure and efficient emergency call system. This solution allows for quick dispatch of the appropriate caregivers in case of emergency, improving response times and ensuring the safety and security of elderly individuals. A proof-of-concept implementation is described thoroughly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The industries current and next to popular technology is an intelligent home automation system that makes life easier and more convenient. Older and disabled persons can benefit from an IoT-based home automation system. Besides IoT technology, this system design also incorporates artificial intelligence (AI) and the Cloud. With this technology, people may acquire an assistant to manage their homes and their requirements according to on the orders they have given them. Remote control through a tablet or smartphone is the primary use of wireless communication technology. Human-machine contact is facilitated by the use of natural language processing (NLP) in this case. Even if a disabled person's command or request differs from a preset, NLP users can still command or control equipment in their own homes through the use of NLP. The Internet of Things (IoT) will aid with household controls such as door monitoring, appliance monitoring, and bed movement tracking. The Cloud will save the input data. All of the home's controls are put in the hands of AI. Voice control is used to perform all IoT operations, and all relevant data is transferred to the Cloud. As a result of using a predictive engine, it is possible to make future predictions. This work can be utilized as a suggestion system for elderly persons and people with physical disabilities who could not complete their job freely and easily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of Things (IoT) is internet computing devices that are connected to everyday objects that can receive and transmit data intelligently. IoTs allow humans to interact and control everyday objects wirelessly to provide more convenience in their lifestyle. The Raspberry Pi is a small, lightweight, and cheap single-board computer that can fit on a human's palm. Security plays a big role in a home. People concern about security by preventing any intruders to enter their home property. Therefore, a smart surveillance monitoring system is proposed to solve this problem by detecting intruders and capturing the images of the intruder. Notifications will also be sent to the user immediately when motions are detected. This smart surveillance monitoring system only stores the images of the intruders that triggered the motion sensor, making this system use significantly less storage space. The proposed Raspberry Pi is connected with a passive infrared (PIR) motion sensor, a webcam, and an internet connection, the whole device can be configured to carry out the surveillance tasks. The objectives of this project are to design, implement and test the surveillance system using the Raspberry Pi. This proposed surveillance system provides the user with a live stream of the video feed for the user. Whenever a motion is detected by the PIR motion sensor, the web camera may capture an image of the intruder and alert the users (owners) through email notifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work's primary goal is to develop novel assistive devices for elderly people based on home automation using an Arduino as compared to a microcontroller. Arduino with a Bluetooth based device and the microcontroller with a global system of mobile communication based device groups were compared with a sample size of 10 for each group. The total number of samples for two groups was 20. The study parameter is found as G power=0.8. Inputs will be provided via an Android mobile app, and an Arduino signal will be transmitted to a relay, allowing household appliances to function based on the inputs. Bluetooth based devices have significantly better processing time (8.20 sec) than the microcontroller with gsm based devices (19.10 sec). The significance value p<0.05. The prototype shows the most basic level of home appliance management, as well as remote monitoring. Arduino with a bluetooth based device has performed significantly better than microcontroller-based device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With recent advancements in internet technologies, internet of things (IoT) technology is having a greater impact on our daily lives and is beginning to offer new and innovative services. Smart homes are new Internet of Things applications aim to improve the quality of life of users. Smart home acceptance has yet to reach a widespread market. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence users' attitude to use smart homes devices in Jordan. The focus of this research is to develop and test an integrated model of factors that influence user acceptance of smart home devices as an application on IoT technology. Based on known models of technology acceptance, the proposed model investigates the impact of both Innovation related factors and Citizen -related factors, and investigate the effect of trust on citizens' behavioral intention to adopt Smart-home devices. The study expects to increase IoT acceptance among Jordanians in the context of smart home devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of Things (IoT) based applications are gaining much of the limelight in recent days. This paper mainly focuses on how to run IOT based technologies with the use of software. IOT based technologies on today's era are gathered a lot of buzz. With the upbringing of ubiquitous computing, these devices could be powered from anywhere around the globe. IOT is powered by Artificial Intelligence for making quick and effective decisions as well as machine learning to make predictions based on the past data. A software emulation application interface which enables us to build logical networks which works as a blueprint for physical infrastructure as well. This paper mainly builds on the idea of running IOT based technology, making use of this software application. The software application is used by making a connection between different IOT devices and a home portal gateway. The main objective of Smart Home Networks is by connecting the devices at our home together so that one can control all the devices from a single device such as a mobile phone. It can be easily checked if the devices are functioning in a correct manner by going to the web browser and then typing the IP address of the Home Gateway. An interface then allows us to check the working of these networked devices. The model depicted in this paper indicates a Smart Home network including a solar panel and battery as well. For this, Cisco Packet Tracer software is used to control the IOT devices by connecting it to a home portal gateway. It is discussed elaborately how to run IOT devices in real life environment by connecting a solar panel and battery as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to create a prototype of a smart home system to assist an elder in a home care scenario. Smart home system users can control devices such as lights using voice commands, keep track of the user's heart rate, monitor house situation, and store user's events using a schedule reminder. The smart home system will use Raspberry Pi 3 as the main microcontroller, Wemos D1 as a microcontroller on the smart home model, Broadlink RM Mini 3 as the medium to control an air conditioner and television, and Xiaomi Mi Band 2 as the wearable device. The program will use the Node-RED, NORA, and Firebase platforms which are very helpful in the development of the Internet of Things. System testing is done by testing the features of smart home systems, wearable devices, schedule reminders, as well as surveying the level of user satisfaction. The test results show that the smart home system can function properly. The microphone can detect voice commands up to a two-meter distance. Broadlink is able to control devices up to a three-meter distance. Wearable devices have succeeded in measuring the user's heart rate up to a distance of 9 meters, whereas the schedule reminder manages to store user events. Additionally, survey results indicate that respondents are satisfied with our system features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many elders choose to live independently in their own houses. This research aims to apply home automation and wearable device technology to assist the elders in the home care scenario. Unlike many research in this field, we apply our home automation system in the real or physical house. There are four main features of our smart home: door control, lighting control, temperature control, and gas leakage detection. Six Wemos D1 minis are used as the local controllers for each sensor and actuator, while a RaspberryPi 4 is utilized as the main controller. NodeRed is chosen as the tool to integrate various components in our system, so a web dashboard can be used to monitor and control the smart house. We also developed a mobile sensing platform called SmartSens. Samsung Galaxy Watch is used as a smartwatch worn by the elder. We then conduct simple experiments where the elder controls our smart home in manual mode successfully. The automatic mode is also running well. Additionally, heart rate and step count data are also successfully collected from the smartwatch. By combining a smart house and a smartwatch, the elder who lives by himself can be monitored by caregivers via the internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To increase the safety and security of the house, a smart home safety system is developed, taking into many practical considerations. This home safety kit is formed using the Internet of Things (IoT) which includes face detection and face recognition with Artificial intelligence & Machine learning by training the dataset. The technical methodology is developed and implemented in a Smart Home Safety System Kit, which will work with the essential support of a Cloud-based application. The same data is stored with a local storage system for quick access, and at the same time, data are stored Cloud for critical situations. WIFI transmitter and receiver, and microcontroller (NODE MCU) are used with Arduino, and many drivers are installed to take care of each purpose. The Node MCU is an available open-source with low-cost IOT Platform. It initially consisted of firmware running on Espressif Systems hardware based on the ESP12 module and ESP8266 WiFi SoC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart homes implement ubiquitous computing in which ambient intelligence controls the home environment to provide context-conscious facilities and enable features to monitor homes remotely. A self-made questionnaire was distributed using a purposive sampling method amongst people of various age groups and varied professions who have used smart home devices or currently reside in smart homes. Descriptive analysis and chi-square tests were used to analyze the responses received to understand the user perception about Smart home technology considering three constructs – comfort, convenience, and security-and understand how much people trust these smart home devices. In this paper, we have also determined the resistance factors in the acceptance of smart home technologies in India that need to be eliminated or reduced to increase the adoption of smart home devices. Smart home technology has the potential to benefit modern households and the people who live in them. Despite this, it has struggled to gain widespread consumer acceptance since its inception. Smart home technology faces several challenges, including privacy and security, trust issues, reliability, and cost. Furthermore, the literature suggests a clear disconnect between the capabilities of smart devices and the needs of users. We conducted an interview study with existing smart home technology users to learn more about these potential adoption challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

End user frequently needs to manage, monitor and detect environmental changes in their home even if they are not in their home. In this paper, we offer a feature-rich, less price and easy-to-use network for the Smart Home Management and environmental care. This technique has a built-in micro-web server, situated on PIC Microcontroller module with the use of internet connection, permitting remote control of the system. An advance network can be monitored and controlled by the Web via an mobile application through the Android of the system. The android application used is Thingspeak app. Regardless of the internet connection, the system can be operated via special control signals and a manual display. In the previous system, data could be automatically sent to a cloud platform that contained commands from servers running multiple devices. To show the pliable, attainability, capacity and performance of this device may include light switches, sockets, and various sensors. The sensors include temperature, air, 2.5 m (PM2.5) particles, motion sensors and housing control systems. Finally the system was executed in a home to authenticate the pliable, usability, ductile, ascendable and solidness of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing a high energy efficient routing protocols for IoT (Internet of Things) is a demanding task. This paper deal with a broad survey on distinct routing protocols in Internet of Things (IoT) for a different applications in various domains like health care, transport, agriculture, consumer applications, smart home, military, and many more. A thing or object connectedto the internet may be called as an IoT. Routing Protocols can be divided into several categories based on the metrics suchas functionalities, infrastructure, privacy, and many more. Sensors connected with IoT devices are capable to collect information and transmit the same to the receiver. IoT networks are decentralized, self-organizing and the network may incur dynamic changesin the position of the nodes. The Routing plays a vital role in the transmission of packets between nodes. We briefly reviewed the energy-efficient protocols by considering Establishment of connection, delivery of the packets, significance, overhead, energy consumption, throughput, stability of the network, cluster head (CH) selection, quality of service, residual Energy and many more. Energy efficient routing protocols are extensively surveyed and qualitatively compared in terms of limitation, characteristics, features and competitive advantages are listed herein. Furthermore, this survey aims to provide a helpful guidance for the designersto evaluate and select the above parameters for energy efficient routing in IoT. Any future work can have this study for improvingthese protocols and enhance the network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous research have proved the efficacy of re-using wireless signals to achieve a variety of developing applications, ranging from daily activity identification to indoor localization to real-time monitoring, as wireless technology and sensor approaches have evolved. Such applications undoubtedly can prepare diverse domains for smart home, safety protection, health monitoring/management, smart healthcare as well as interactions with smart devices. To have a better grasp of current WiFi sensing technology, tools for extracting channel state information (CSI), and future WiFi sensing trends. We examine existing wireless sensing systems in terms of basic concepts, techniques, operation, and system structures in this paper. Following that, we describe and compare several CSI extraction tools. Finally, we discuss open issues as well as possible future research directions in WiFi sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A linear surge of human population with limited availability of cultivation land leads to shortage of food resources causing major crisis in the coming days. One of the major surges of the crisis is due to a largenumber of rural-urban immigrations causing over population in few areas and leaving the other areas barren. To mitigate this kind of situations, Hydroponics method has been developed where people can grow the plants without the use of soil in a small area with the use of fertilizers and water supply by saving area and the incurring time which could be followed even in urban areas. Based on the future technology, it creates a lot of automated products and latest updated constructions on the ground for their country's development. Due to this, there is no sufficient land for cultivation. There is no cultivation of the plant's it causes to humans, animals, birds etc... For their living lifestyle. Because of this we use hydroponics which is used to cultivate the crops without using soil. This formation is used for indoor planting and gardening. We implement the IoT based semi-automated hydroponic system that controls the hydroponic environment and provides security from unauthorized persons. Since the hydroponics does not utilize soil for cultivation it even allows the farmers to cultivate crops using limited area resources. The main aim of the paper is to provide a comprehensive surveyon smart hydroponic systems developed during the recent times and provide the same to the research aspirants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of Things (IoT) technology is currently being developed to solve various problems in everyday life. Smart Home is an implementation of IoT which can be used as a solution for residents to control household activities. When many devices are installed in the house, the residents need a controller that is able to control the household equipment both in short and long distance conditions. This study aimed to develop an Android-based Smart Home application that can control Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This application was designed to control three IoT subsystems, namely doors, lights, and parks and to display the latest sensor data. The implementation of this application development was carried out using the Iconix Process development method and the black box testing method. The test results showed that the application conformed to the functionality specified at the beginning of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart home is a technology service with the aim of increasing efficiency, security and comfort. One of them is monitoring and controlling. Technological advances allow IoT (Internet of Things) devices to perform monitoring and control tasks, to support smart home services. This research was carried out by designing a system to monitor and control with the IoT to monitoring and control of home electronic devices can be done anytime and anywhere on a web base. The design of this system consists of hardware using esp32, ds18b20, humidity sensor, ldr sensor, and water level sensor. The sensor readings will be used as parameters to control actuators. Sensor reading data will be sent to the server so that it can be accessed and monitored by users. This IoT system is expected to make it easier to monitor and control electronic devices and increase the efficiency of electrical energy use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today the world has become smart so that the people can communicate easily even from metropolitan cities to remote areas in the world. The modern world's homes have become smarter and more automated as a result of advancements in automation. One of the major challenges is the safety and security of the house. The main objective of this paper is to develop a home automation and to create a smart home security system with the help of IOT which can be remotely accessed by any android phone. In this paper, An IoT-based gas and fire alarm system is proposed, which detects gas and fire early on, produces an automatic alarm, and alerts the remote user about the outbreak. By preventing accidents, the proposed system can assist users in improving their safety standards with immediate response. Furthermore, instead of doorbell a doormat is provided which indicates arrival of a person by using piezoelectric sensor. Also, the easiest way to identify an individual is by their face. Face recognition involves two process, the first being face detection and the second being face recognition. In this paper, face recognition is also done using the programming language, python and its popular computer vision module, Open CV. The gas and fire detection system along with piezoelectric based welcome mat will be simulated using Proteus software and the results will be analyzed. The specification of each and every component is analyzed to make it more effective and compact. The experimental set up has been implemented and the simulations results have been verified with the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electricity needs for hospitality reach almost one-third of the national electricity production. Griyapram Guesthouse is a kind of hospitality that provides accommodation for families in Malang city. As a role of awareness of energy conservation and energy saving in electrical, this guesthouse implements the sustainable system to its design. But, the goal of sustainable building is not obtained maximally without the awareness of the occupants. Based on observations, the problems among guesthouse residents often neglect to conserve and save electrical energy. This research will discuss how to select and apply smart home technology at the Griyapram guesthouse. Collecting the data was done through literature study, observation, and experiment. Based on the study results, this guesthouse implements LED lights for reducing cost expenses and implementing energy-saving. This building also applies a smart home concept based on IoT with an automation feature. This feature aims to anticipate user behavior who are less concerned with energy conservation and energy saving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hybrid power supply of solar batteries is essential for the plug-in, green and smart construction of electric cars (PEV). This paper provides a framework for optimization for green power testing and PEV nutrients, balanced home batteries, and photovoltaic arrays (PVAt the same time as fulfilling domestic power and PEV demand, we are seeking to extend the domestic financing structure. The formulation of convex (CP) programming is achieved easily, based on clever domestic nano grid and computer structure. The different battery energy storage device (BESS) parameters are designed and chosen precisely. With the unequivocal optimism period viewpoint, the home BESS and electrical value criteria, such as the home BESS frequency, form and effect style of PEVs, are routinely discussed. At some point in the height time of the electricity charge that depends on the Convex programming control law in (h2V) mode and (v2H) mode BESS no longer supplied electricity from the electric power grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]