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Although web sites accessed on phones are the most obvious type of mobile Internet use, they're not the only kind. This chapter provides other examples of mobile library services that can be geared toward diverse populations: audiobook collections, text reference and notification, and device lending programs. Where possible, the focus is on inexpensive ways to implement these services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the use of content clips (CC) which helps teachers and school librarians find digital resources for educational purposes. The Content Clips project funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) investigates on how digital libraries can be useful for elementary science teaching. CC helps teachers to assess student's knowledge and cognitive skills. Also, CC indicates a strong shift towards the use of the Internet due to the growing trend to the use of projectors.

The article focuses on the importance of scholarly communication among librarians and campus communities to achieve excellent educational opportunities and provide library users with well-equipped online resources. It states that there are several advantages that librarians can get from conversational openings in achieving new scholarly publishing models. It notes that a scholarly communication toolkit has been introduced by the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) that comprises information on how to improve practices and implement changes. Meanwhile, it says that journal publishing agreements should meet the requirements of the copyright law. It also mentions that library-press partnership is an essential opportunity to discuss book purchases and other financial matters.

The article offers information regarding the Firefox browser add-ons including LibX search toolbar and Zotero, a citation manager and bibliography creator which can be used by libraries and researchers. It states that both tools can be downloaded by any library or user without any restrictions. It mentions that the LibX allows a library to create new search options while the Zotero provides updates from new features to updated bibliography styles. It adds that the LibX features customizable right-click context menus wherein it allows the user to reload any page via the library's proxy server. Meanwhile, the version 2.0 of Zotero contains a group library feature wherein users can create groups with shared libraries.

The article focuses on capacity planning for broadband use in public libraries in the U.S. The traditional way of building broadband capacity for one-way traffic in the library has been deemed outdate because of often accessed Internet-based resources such as YouTube, Second Life, Facebook and Hulu. A bidirectional network is seen as part of the current broadband needs of libraries. Factors that affect a library's bandwidth include the technology infrastructure and architecture used in the library, network load, traffic route and management and services and resources.

The article presents lessons from the Public Library Connectivity Study of the Office for Information Technology Policy (OITP). According to 58% of public libraries in the U.S., their Internet connectivity speed was insufficient in 2007. This has been attributed to the increased demand for public library Internet access and bandwidth requirement for supporting current Internet applications and services. The study revealed that both library users and staff were affected by the inadequate bandwidth provided.

The article discusses key findings from the 2007-2008 Public Library Funding and Technology Access Study (PLFTAS). The survey team used a sample and replacement strategy, inducing 96% of the U.S. libraries that were sampled to respond. Results showed that 98.9% of public library branches offer public Internet while 72.5% report that they are the only ones to provide free public computer and Internet access in their communities. An average of 12 public access workstations has been posted, increasing from 10.7 in 2006-2007.

Discusses the use of the library Internet to disseminate periodical articles in the U.S. Distribution of full text of periodical literature within its intranet sending directly to a patron as part of a selective dissemination service; Creation of a library e-reserve; Limitations on the concept of repeat copying of the same item; Rules and exemptions of software and sound recordings.

Provides a checklist of key network or service components required by library networks. Library local area networks (LAN) and backbone networks; Requirements for connection to the Internet.

The article offers news briefs concerning the American Libraries Association (ALA). The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has awarded ALA a grant to support the organization's efforts to ensure free public access to the Internet in all of U.S. public libraries. A fundraising campaign for the 2007 ALA PPO Cultural Communities Fund is underway.

Describes the American Library Association (ALA)'s Midwinter Meeting, held in Washington D.C. in January 2001. Public awareness campaign which was unveiled by the ALA; Vote of the ALA to initiate litigation which challenges legislation mandating Internet filtering for libraries and schools, such as the Children's Internet Protection Act; Conference highlights and attendance; ALA sponsors and celebrity advocates.

The article focuses on the two actions taken by Ajit Pai as chairman of U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and concerns of American Library Association to the actions implication. These include the network neutrality scheme which mandates Internet service providers (ISPs) to enable access to all content and applications and the FCC decision to close investigations into whether wireless ISPs zero rated data plans violate protections under the 2015 Open Internet Order.

The article focuses on a study on the growth of computer and Internet services in public libraries in the U.S. and how such services are financed. It notes that 90% of libraries provide formal training or information technology assistance to effectively utilize computers and online resources. According to the study, Internet services available in public libraries have increased. Also mentioned is an increase in the number of libraries which report that offering services for job seekers is important to the role of the public library.

Focuses on the digital divide and the U.S. Department of Commerce report, 'A Nation Online.' Controversy over the report's announcement that the gap is closing because more than half of all Americans are using computers and the Internet; Role of the library in helping communities with the challenges of new information technologies; Discussion of data and flaws in the report, including the measurement of Internet access.

Focuses on the Virtual Village Communication Center of the Public Library of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County in Charlotte, North Carolina. Description of the renovated technical-services space, which has workstations using high-speed T1 Internet connections and general office-productivity software; Background on the computer lab and how it was designed to give the entire community access to computer technology, information, instruction, and services; Author's views on usage of the computer stations and assistive technologies for the disabled.

Focuses on the national library in Cuba, called the Biblioteca Nacional Jose Marti. Lack of resources available to libraries there; Role of the Internet; Funding by the Ministry of Culture; National reading program; Independent Libraries of Cuba Project, which offers unbiased information to readers and a possible reason to defect for its librarians. INSET: THE INDEPENDENT LIBRARIES CONTROVERSY.

Presents the results of a survey conducted by the Library Research Center of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign about access control of the Internet in public libraries. Prevalence of Internet-management strategies in libraries, including written policies, parental permission for children's use of the Internet, and filtering tools; Questions raised by the survey.

Offers library science news in the United States. Speculation that Harvard University's Widener Library in Cambridge, Massachusetts will have to relocate; View of Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.) on library Internet filters; Federal funds for the University of Southern California at Los Angeles to seismically retrofit its Edward L. Doheny Jr. Memorial Library; Others.

The article reviews several Web sites including www.pbs.org/teachers/vote2008/blueprint/access, http://pbskids.org/eekoworld, and http://pbskids.org/storyfactory.

The author offers insights concerning her use of Wikis and Google Docs Web 2.0 applications at the Stargate Charter School library in Thornton, Colorado to bring groups in community together. She stresses the use of Wikis to reach alumni and disseminate committee information and of Google Docs to schedule teachers and volunteers for work and events such as book fair visits. It cites several advantages of Google applications including having information available at any time with Internet access.

The article discusses steps schools and libraries can take to minimize the negative impact of Internet filters. These include choosing filtering software that is transparent in its classification system, exercising care in installing and maintaining the software, and developing a well-crafted policy for responsible Internet access and computer use. Also suggested is the need to implement a program to educate students about appropriate online behavior.

The article discusses factors influencing the number of computers in college libraries. Some libraries reported that student ownership of desktop or laptop computers eased the tension on the library to provide additional computer access. The author notes that having wireless access will prevent libraries from having to add wired workstations as student enrollment increases. It is also suggested that new technology such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) and Internet accessible cellular phones may also effect the need of computers in libraries.

The article focuses on the involvement of the American Library Association (ALA) in the network (net) neutrality debate at the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and Congress in 2010. It defines net neutrality as the concept of online nondiscrimination. Comments were filed by ALA to the FCC on the relationship between open Internet protection and services provided over the broadband Internet access service. ALA intends to advocate for the adoption of net neutrality principles.

The article reports that while more than 99 percent of public libraries in the U.S. offer Internet access, many have not kept up with increasing infrastructure demands, which may have implications for demand at academic libraries. An average of 10.7 public access workstations are owned by public library branches, the article notes. Bandwidth speed has slightly declined, with 62.1 percent of public library branches having connection speeds of greater than 769kbps. Nearly 80 percent of libraries also claim to have insufficient workstations some or all of the day.

The article discusses the 110th U.S. Congress, which convened for the first time on January 4, 2007. The culturally diverse Democratic-controlled Congress faces potentially divisive issues, such as the Iraq War, immigration reform, and education decisions. Libraries and information services may be affected by decisions on internet policy, telecommunications, and broadband deployment. The American Library Association (ALA) plans to support policies that will ensure Internet freedom and "network neutrality."

The article focuses on the copyright law and its implications on recording audio parts of the Internet for use in the classroom. The author outlines a case illustrating the implications of copyright issues on Internet content a teacher will encounter when audiotaping audio-visual materials for her blind student.

The article reports on the participation of the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Library and School of Information and Library Science in the Open Content Alliance (OCA). OCA is a group of international organizations that are constructing a permanent archive of digitized text and multimedia materials on the Web. The school is the first from a university to join the alliance, and the library is the first library to contribute manuscript materials. And collections included in the archive are freely available for access and reuse.

This article reports that violations of intellectual freedom that affect library users continue to occur around the world, even as Internet access across the international library community is slowly increasing. Censorship, restrictions of press freedom and government restriction and surveillance of Internet use were reported in many countries including China, Egypt, Italy, Nepal and Uzbekistan. In Turkmenistan it was reported that libraries have been closed under presidential order, on the grounds that no one reads.

Reports that the WiderNet Project of the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa, has completed the 50th installation of its eGranary Digital Library, in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Digital library's provision of Internet resources offline to institutions in developing countries lacking adequate Internet access; Authors and publishers who have granted permission to distribute their works via the eGranary.

A Dun and Bradstreet survey of 1,319 two- and four-year institutions finds a 13% increase in spending on information technology in 2004. Internet access is offered in 100% of the college libraries, 40% of the dorms and residence halls, 41% of the student centers, 64% of the classrooms and 94% of the computer labs.

Reports the award given by the American Legacy Foundation to the University of California, San Francisco. Establishment of Internet access to tobacco industry documents; Acquisition of documents through litigation; Agreement between the industry and state attorneys general. INSET: April 1 deadline for museum-library grant..

Introduces a series of search engine software reviews. Definition of a search engine; Software packages that have been developed; Search engine needs of library Internet; Products included in the May 2000 issue of the `Library Technology Reports' magazine.

The author reflects on the findings of the report "Opportunity for All: How the American Public Benefits From Internet Access at U.S. Libraries" from the University of Washington regarding the use and importance of internet access in public libraries. Internet use for employment applications, education, and researching health issues is examined and the risks of reduced access to technology and information caused by library budget cuts are explored.

The article focuses on the "2007 Public Library Funding and Technology Access Study," which provides the most complete national picture of computer and Internet access in U.S. public libraries, conducted by John Carlo Bertot and Charles McClure of Florida State University. The study found that on average, there are 10.7 public access computers in each library branch. For the first time, the study asked if the wireless and wired Internet connections shared the same bandwidth, and nearly half of respondents answered yes.

The article reports on the improvements needed by the District of Columbia Public Library. Some of the library improvement suggestions include expanding and reorganizing staff, rebuilding most neighborhood branches, adding cafeterias and bookstores to some branches and offering wireless Internet access at every facility.

Presents the results of "Public Libraries and the Internet 2004: Survey Results and Findings," a report issued in June 2005 by the Information Use Management and Policy Institute at Florida State University in Tallahassee. Challenge facing U.S. libraries in providing enough workstations to meet Internet demand; Selected goals of the study; Key issues identified from the research; Implications of the data for many issues that affect public libraries and the roles they play, or can play, in the networked society.

Reports on the move of officials in Phoenix, Arizona to require filters on all city library computers by hiring extra staff to implement the new policy as of February 2005. Functions of the additional staff; Other steps taken by the Phoenix Public Library to ensure a safe online environment.

Reports that the city council of Phoenix, Arizona has voted unanimously on September 8, 2004 to bar adults from unrestricted Internet access on all public library computers. Ruling of the Supreme Court on the Children's Internet Protection Act; Opposition to the council's action; Effect of the decision on the Phoenix Public Library.

Focuses on the Staying Connected grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation which will be given to state library agencies to help public libraries provide free access to computers and the Internet in the U.S. in 2004. Recipients of the grants; Benefits of the grants to the Tennessee State Library and Archives; Amount of matching state and federal money secured by the Alabama Public Library Service.

Discusses the 1953 article 'Not Censorship but Selection,' written by Lester Asheim, which remains the definitive statement on the distinction between censorship and selection in library collection development. Application of his article to the Internet and electronic resources; Software filters on public-access computers; Legal liabilities that may result from the decisions of libraries.

Focuses on a study by the University of Washington for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation concerning its U.S. Library Program. Finding that Americans are willing to pay higher taxes to support free access to computers and the Internet in public libraries; Discussion of survey results, which indicates that the public thinks library computer services should be funded and maintained by government.