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Reports that five diseases and the vaccines designed to protect children against them underwent scrutiny at the spring 1999 meeting of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Details on the vaccines for influenza, varicella zoster virus, Lyme disease, rotavirus and group A streptococcus; Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the vaccines.

Discusses the treatment of hypertension. Nonpharmacological treatment; Antihypertensive drugs; Beta blockers; Diuretics; Antihypertensive drugs and cancer; Treatment of hypertension in the elderly; Diabetics with hypertension.

Details the universal health care insurance coverage as the goal of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). History of AAP; State Children's Health Insurance Programs (SCHIP); Comments by Joel J. Alpert, president of AAP.

Reports on the success of urologists in 1998 in treating both erectile dysfunction in men and prostate cancer. Details about Viagra, or sildenafil citrate; How sildenafil is able to prevent erectile dysfunction; Studies showing the efficacy of long term use of finasteride in the treatment and prevention of prostate cancer; How early screening for prostate cancer affects mortality rates.

Reports that ultrasound examination can overcome much of the decreased sensitivity of mammography in a search for cancer in patients with radiographically dense breasts. Study of women who underwent mammography and ultrasound examination by Thomas M. Kolb, Jabob Lichy and Jeffrey H. Newhouse; Criteria which must be met before the routine use of ultrasound with mammography; Calcification in the breast.

Discusses Parkinsonian syndrome which can be classified into two major groups--Parkinson disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian disorders. Differentiation between the two; Clinical history; Neurologic examination; Diagnostic criteria; Features suggestive of atypical parkinsonian disorders.

Discusses problems that can be experienced when a child swallows pennies. Comments from Dr. Sara M. O'Hara that zinc is acid digestible and can cause problems such as ulcers, anemia and damage to the kidneys, liver and bone marrow; The case of a boy brought to a medical center when he complained of an upset stomach; When to take a child to the emergency room.