67 results on '"Ogedegbe, G"'
Search Results
2. Harnessing Social Needs Data to Advance Health Equity in Federally Qualified Health Centers.
- Author
-
Lalika M, Ogedegbe G, and Brewer LC
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Health Equity
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring and Nurse Case Management in Black and Hispanic Patients With Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
- Author
-
Ogedegbe G, Teresi JA, Williams SK, Ogunlade A, Izeogu C, Eimicke JP, Kong J, Silver SA, Williams O, Valsamis H, Law S, Levine SR, Waddy SP, and Spruill TM
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Blood Pressure, Recurrence, Telemedicine, New York City, Poverty, Black or African American, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory, Case Management, Hispanic or Latino, Hypertension ethnology, Hypertension nursing, Stroke ethnology, Stroke nursing
- Abstract
Importance: Black and Hispanic patients have high rates of recurrent stroke and uncontrolled hypertension in the US. The effectiveness of home blood pressure telemonitoring (HBPTM) and telephonic nurse case management (NCM) among low-income Black and Hispanic patients with stroke is unknown., Objective: To determine whether NCM plus HBPTM results in greater systolic blood pressure (SBP) reduction at 12 months and lower rate of stroke recurrence at 24 months than HBPTM alone among Black and Hispanic stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension., Design, Setting, and Participants: Practice-based, multicenter, randomized clinical trial in 8 stroke centers and ambulatory practices in New York City. Black and Hispanic study participants were enrolled between April 18, 2014, and December 19, 2017, with a final follow-up visit on December 31, 2019., Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to receive either HBPTM alone (12 home BP measurements/week for 12 months, with results transmitted to a clinician; n = 226) or NCM plus HBPTM (20 counseling calls over 12 months; n = 224)., Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcomes were change in SBP at 12 months and rate of recurrent stroke at 24 months. Final statistical analyses were completed March 14, 2024., Results: Among 450 participants who were enrolled and randomized (mean [SD] age, 61.7 [11.0] years; 51% were Black [n = 231]; 44% were women [n = 200]; 31% had ≥3 comorbid conditions [n = 137]; 72% had household income <$25 000/y [n = 234/324]), 358 (80%) completed the trial. Those in the NCM plus HBPTM group had a significantly greater SBP reduction than those in the HBPTM alone group at 12 months (-15.1 mm Hg [95% CI, -17.2 to -13.0] vs -5.8 mm Hg [95% CI, -7.9 to -3.7], respectively; P < .001). The between-group difference in SBP reduction at 12 months, adjusted for primary care physician clustering, was -8.1 mm Hg (95% CI, -11.2 to -5.0; P < .001) at 12 months. The rate of recurrent stroke was similar between both groups at 24 months (4.0% in the NCM plus HBPTM group vs 4.0% in the HBPTM alone group, P > .99)., Conclusions and Relevance: Among predominantly low-income Black and Hispanic stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension, addition of NCM to HBPTM led to greater SBP reduction than HBPTM alone. Additional studies are needed to understand the long-term clinical outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and generalizability of NCM-enhanced telehealth programs among low-income Black and Hispanic stroke survivors with significant comorbidity., Trial Registration: Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT02011685.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Li L, Mangione CM, Ogedegbe G, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tsevat J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Advisory Committees, Child, Preschool, Asymptomatic Diseases, Language Development Disorders diagnosis, Mass Screening
- Abstract
Importance: Speech and language delays and disorders can pose significant problems for children and their families. Evidence suggests that school-aged children with speech or language delays may be at increased risk of learning and literacy disabilities, including difficulties with reading and writing., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate benefits and harms of screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children 5 years or younger., Population: Asymptomatic children 5 years or younger whose parents or clinicians do not have specific concerns about their speech, language, hearing, or development., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children who do not present with signs or symptoms or parent/caregiver concerns., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children 5 years or younger without signs or symptoms. (I statement).
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Screening and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tsevat J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Mass Screening adverse effects, Oral Health, Preventive Health Services, Primary Health Care, Dental Caries diagnosis, Dental Caries prevention & control, Dental Caries etiology, Periodontal Diseases diagnosis, Periodontal Diseases prevention & control
- Abstract
Importance: Oral health is fundamental to health and well-being across the life span. Dental caries (cavities) and periodontal disease (gum disease) are common and often untreated oral health conditions that affect eating, speaking, learning, smiling, and employment potential. Untreated oral health conditions can lead to tooth loss, irreversible tooth damage, and other serious adverse health outcomes., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate screening and preventive interventions for oral health conditions in adults., Population: Asymptomatic adults 18 years or older., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for oral health conditions (eg, dental caries or periodontal disease) performed by primary care clinicians in asymptomatic adults. The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of preventive interventions for oral health conditions (eg, dental caries or periodontal disease) performed by primary care clinicians in asymptomatic adults., Recommendations: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine screening performed by primary care clinicians for oral health conditions, including dental caries or periodontal-related disease, in adults. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of preventive interventions performed by primary care clinicians for oral health conditions, including dental caries or periodontal-related disease, in adults. (I statement).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Screening and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tsevat J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Humans, Advisory Committees, Quality of Life, Mass Screening, Child, Preschool, Asymptomatic Diseases, Primary Health Care, Stomatognathic Diseases diagnosis, Stomatognathic Diseases prevention & control, Risk Assessment, United States epidemiology, Dental Caries diagnosis, Dental Caries prevention & control, Oral Health
- Abstract
Importance: Oral health is fundamental to health and well-being across the lifespan. Oral health conditions affect the daily lives of school-age children and adolescents, leading to loss of more than 51 million school hours every year. Untreated oral health conditions in children can lead to serious infections and affect growth, development, and quality of life., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate screening and preventive interventions for oral health conditions in children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years., Population: Asymptomatic children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for oral health conditions (eg, dental caries) performed by primary care clinicians in asymptomatic children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years. The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of preventive interventions for oral health conditions (eg, dental caries) performed by primary care clinicians in asymptomatic children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years., Recommendations: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine screening performed by primary care clinicians for oral health conditions, including dental caries, in children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of preventive interventions performed by primary care clinicians for oral health conditions, including dental caries, in children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years. (I statement).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Screening for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: US Preventive Services Task Force Final Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Cabana MD, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tsevat J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Advisory Committees, Preventive Health Services, Mass Screening, Blood Pressure Determination, Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced diagnosis
- Abstract
Importance: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in the US. The rate of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has been increasing from approximately 500 cases per 10 000 deliveries in 1993 to 1021 cases per 10 000 deliveries in 2016 to 2017., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy., Population: Pregnant persons without a known diagnosis of a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy or chronic hypertension., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy with blood pressure measurements has substantial net benefit., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for hypertensive disorders in pregnant persons with blood pressure measurements throughout pregnancy. (B recommendation).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Preexposure Prophylaxis to Prevent Acquisition of HIV: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer JJ, Tsevat J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Humans, Advisory Committees, Preventive Health Services, Public Health, Risk Assessment methods, Risk Assessment standards, United States epidemiology, Anti-Retroviral Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Retroviral Agents adverse effects, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections diagnosis, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Infections etiology, HIV Infections prevention & control, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis methods, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis standards
- Abstract
Importance: An estimated 1.2 million persons in the US currently have HIV, and more than 760 000 persons have died of complications related to HIV since the first cases were reported in 1981. Although treatable, HIV is not curable and has significant health consequences. Therefore, effective strategies to prevent HIV are an important public health and clinical priority., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of preexposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral therapy for the prevention of HIV acquisition, and the diagnostic accuracy of risk assessment tools to identify persons at increased risk of HIV acquisition., Population: Adolescents and adults who do not have HIV and are at increased risk of HIV., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with high certainty that there is a substantial net benefit from the use of effective antiretroviral therapy to reduce the risk of acquisition of HIV in persons at increased risk of acquiring HIV., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians prescribe preexposure prophylaxis using effective antiretroviral therapy to persons at increased risk of HIV acquisition to decrease the risk of acquiring HIV. (A recommendation).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tsevat J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Advisory Committees, Mass Screening, Preventive Health Services, Preconception Care standards, Dietary Supplements, Folic Acid administration & dosage, Folic Acid therapeutic use, Neural Tube Defects etiology, Neural Tube Defects prevention & control, Folic Acid Deficiency complications, Folic Acid Deficiency diagnosis, Folic Acid Deficiency drug therapy, Pregnancy Complications etiology, Pregnancy Complications prevention & control
- Abstract
Importance: Neural tube defects are among the most common congenital malformations in the US, with an estimated 3000 pregnancies affected each year. Many of these neural tube defects are caused by low folate levels in the body., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update on the benefits and harms of folic acid supplementation., Population: Persons who are planning to or could become pregnant., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that, for persons who are planning to or could become pregnant, there is high certainty that folic acid supplementation has a substantial net benefit to prevent neural tube defects in their offspring., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that all persons planning to or who could become pregnant take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400 to 800 μg) of folic acid. (A recommendation).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Screening for Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tsevat J, and Underwood SM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Humans, Advisory Committees, Lipids, Preventive Health Services, Risk Assessment, Young Adult, Asymptomatic Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Dyslipidemias complications, Dyslipidemias diagnosis, Dyslipidemias therapy, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods
- Abstract
Importance: Familial hypercholesterolemia and multifactorial dyslipidemia are 2 conditions that cause abnormally high lipid levels in children, which can lead to premature cardiovascular events (eg, myocardial infarction and stroke) and death in adulthood., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for lipid disorders in asymptomatic children and adolescents., Population: Asymptomatic children and adolescents 20 years or younger without a known diagnosis of a lipid disorder., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient and the balance of benefits and harms for screening for lipid disorders in asymptomatic children and adolescents 20 years or younger cannot be determined., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for lipid disorders in children and adolescents 20 years or younger. (I statement).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Coker TR, Davidson KW, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tsevat J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Female, Pregnancy, Humans, Aged, Anxiety Disorders diagnosis, Anxiety Disorders therapy, Preventive Health Services, Fear, Mass Screening adverse effects, Anxiety
- Abstract
Importance: Anxiety disorders are commonly occurring mental health conditions. They are often unrecognized in primary care settings and substantial delays in treatment initiation occur., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for anxiety disorders in asymptomatic adults., Population: Asymptomatic adults 19 years or older, including pregnant and postpartum persons. Older adults are defined as those 65 years or older., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for anxiety disorders in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons, has a moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient on screening for anxiety disorders in older adults., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for anxiety disorders in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for anxiety disorders in older adults. (I statement).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davidson KW, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer JJ, Tsevat J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Pregnancy, Depression diagnosis, Risk Assessment, United States, Depressive Disorder, Major complications, Depressive Disorder, Major diagnosis, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Suicide
- Abstract
Importance: Major depressive disorder (MDD), a common mental disorder in the US, may have substantial impact on the lives of affected individuals. If left untreated, MDD can interfere with daily functioning and can also be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, exacerbation of comorbid conditions, or increased mortality., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate benefits and harms of screening, accuracy of screening, and benefits and harms of treatment of MDD and suicide risk in asymptomatic adults that would be applicable to primary care settings., Population: Asymptomatic adults 19 years or older, including pregnant and postpartum persons. Older adults are defined as those 65 years or older., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for MDD in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons and older adults, has a moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient on the benefit and harms of screening for suicide risk in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons and older adults., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for depression in the adult population, including pregnant and postpartum persons and older adults. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for suicide risk in the adult population, including pregnant and postpartum persons and older adults. (I statement).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Risk Assessment, Tuberculosis epidemiology, Tuberculosis etiology, Tuberculosis prevention & control, United States epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health statistics & numerical data, Latent Tuberculosis complications, Latent Tuberculosis diagnosis, Latent Tuberculosis epidemiology, Latent Tuberculosis etiology
- Abstract
Importance: In the US, tuberculosis remains an important preventable disease, including active tuberculosis, which may be infectious, and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is asymptomatic and not infectious but can later progress to active disease. The precise prevalence rate of LTBI in the US is difficult to determine; however, estimated prevalence is about 5.0%, or up to 13 million persons. Incidence of tuberculosis varies by geography and living accommodations, suggesting an association with social determinants of health., Objective: To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on LTBI screening and treatment in asymptomatic adults seen in primary care, as well as the accuracy of LTBI screening tests., Population: Asymptomatic adults 18 years or older at increased risk for tuberculosis., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit in preventing active tuberculosis disease by screening for LTBI in persons at increased risk for tuberculosis infection., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for LTBI in populations at increased risk. (B recommendation).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Screening for Skin Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Rao G, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tsevat J, Underwood SM, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Humans, Physical Examination adverse effects, Physical Examination methods, Risk Assessment, Early Detection of Cancer adverse effects, Early Detection of Cancer methods, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Melanoma diagnosis, Skin Neoplasms diagnosis, Skin Neoplasms prevention & control, Carcinoma, Basal Cell diagnosis, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell diagnosis
- Abstract
Importance: Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the US. There are different types of skin cancer varying in disease incidence and severity. Basal and squamous cell carcinomas are the most common types of skin cancer but infrequently lead to death or substantial morbidity. Melanomas represent about 1% of skin cancer and cause the most skin cancer deaths. Melanoma is about 30 times more common in White persons than in Black persons. However, persons with darker skin color are often diagnosed at later stages, when skin cancer is more difficult to treat., Objective: To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on the benefits and harms of screening for skin cancer in asymptomatic adolescents and adults., Population: Asymptomatic adolescents and adults who do not have a history of premalignant or malignant skin lesions., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to determine the balance of benefits and harms of visual skin examination by a clinician to screen for skin cancer in asymptomatic adolescents and adults., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of visual skin examination by a clinician to screen for skin cancer in adolescents and adults. (I statement).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Herpes Simplex diagnosis, Herpes Genitalis diagnosis, Herpes Genitalis drug therapy, Herpesvirus 1, Human, Herpesvirus 2, Human, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening psychology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious diagnosis, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious drug therapy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious prevention & control, Serologic Tests adverse effects, Serologic Tests methods, Serologic Tests psychology
- Abstract
Importance: Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by 2 related viruses, herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2). Infection is lifelong; currently, there is no cure for HSV infection. Antiviral medications may provide clinical benefits to symptomatic persons. Transmission of HSV from a pregnant person to their infant can occur, most commonly during delivery; when genital lesions or prodromal symptoms are present, cesarean delivery can reduce the risk of transmission. Neonatal herpes infection is uncommon yet can result in substantial morbidity and mortality., Objective: To reaffirm its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update on targeted key questions to systematically evaluate the evidence on accuracy, benefits, and harms of routine serologic screening for HSV-2 infection in asymptomatic adolescents, adults, and pregnant persons., Population: Adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons, without known history, signs, or symptoms of genital HSV infection., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that the harms outweigh the benefits for population-based screening for genital HSV infection in asymptomatic adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends against routine serologic screening for genital HSV infection in asymptomatic adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons. (D recommendation).
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Rucker Coker T, Davidson KW, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Advisory Committees, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 etiology, Prevalence, Quality of Life, Risk Assessment, United States epidemiology, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive complications, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive diagnosis, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive epidemiology, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive mortality
- Abstract
Importance: Current prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the US is not well established; however, based on cohort and survey data, in 2007-2010 the estimated prevalence of at least mild OSA (defined as an apnea-hypoxia index [AHI] ≥5) plus symptoms of daytime sleepiness among adults aged 30 to 70 years was 14% for men and 5% for women, and the estimated prevalence of moderate to severe OSA (defined as AHI ≥15) was 13% for men and 6% for women. Severe OSA is associated with increased all-cause mortality. Other adverse health outcomes associated with untreated OSA include cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular events, type 2 diabetes, cognitive impairment, decreased quality of life, and motor vehicle crashes., Objective: To update its 2017 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for OSA in adults., Population: Asymptomatic adults (18 years or older) and adults with unrecognized symptoms of OSA., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for OSA in the general adult population., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for OSA in the general adult population. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Hormone Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions in Postmenopausal Persons: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Primary Prevention, Chronic Disease prevention & control, Estrogens adverse effects, Estrogens therapeutic use, Postmenopause, Progestins adverse effects, Progestins therapeutic use, Hormone Replacement Therapy adverse effects, Hormone Replacement Therapy methods, Hormones adverse effects, Hormones therapeutic use
- Abstract
Importance: Menopause is defined as the cessation of a person's menstrual cycle. It is defined retrospectively, 12 months after the final menstrual period. Perimenopause, or the menopausal transition, is the few-year time period preceding a person's final menstrual period and is characterized by increasing menstrual cycle length variability and periods of amenorrhea, and often symptoms such as vasomotor dysfunction. The prevalence and incidence of most chronic diseases (eg, cardiovascular disease, cancer, osteoporosis, and fracture) increase with age, and US persons who reach menopause are expected on average to live more than another 30 years., Objective: To update its 2017 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of systemic (ie, oral or transdermal) hormone therapy for the prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons and whether outcomes vary by age or by timing of intervention after menopause., Population: Asymptomatic postmenopausal persons who are considering hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic medical conditions., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that the use of combined estrogen and progestin for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons with an intact uterus has no net benefit. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that the use of estrogen alone for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons who have had a hysterectomy has no net benefit., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends against the use of combined estrogen and progestin for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons. (D recommendation) The USPSTF recommends against the use of estrogen alone for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons who have had a hysterectomy. (D recommendation).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davidson KW, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Humans, Advisory Committees, Depression diagnosis, Disease Susceptibility, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening standards, Depressive Disorder, Major diagnosis, Depressive Disorder, Major etiology, Suicide Prevention
- Abstract
Importance: Depression is a leading cause of disability in the US. Children and adolescents with depression typically have functional impairments in their performance at school or work as well as in their interactions with their families and peers. Depression can also negatively affect the developmental trajectories of affected youth. Major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents is strongly associated with recurrent depression in adulthood; other mental disorders; and increased risk for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide completion. Suicide is the second-leading cause of death among youth aged 10 to 19 years. Psychiatric disorders and previous suicide attempts increase suicide risk., Objective: To update its 2014 and 2016 recommendations, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening, accuracy of screening, and benefits and harms of treatment of MDD and suicide risk in children and adolescents that would be applicable to primary care settings., Population: Children and adolescents who do not have a diagnosed mental health condition or are not showing recognized signs or symptoms of depression or suicide risk., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for MDD in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years has a moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient on screening for MDD in children 11 years or younger. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient on the benefit and harms of screening for suicide risk in children and adolescents owing to a lack of evidence., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for MDD in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for MDD in children 11 years or younger. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for suicide risk in children and adolescents. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Screening for Anxiety in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Coker TR, Davidson KW, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Advisory Committees, Child, Humans, Preventive Health Services, Risk Assessment, United States, Anxiety Disorders diagnosis, Mass Screening methods
- Abstract
Importance: Anxiety disorder, a common mental health condition in the US, comprises a group of related conditions characterized by excessive fear or worry that present as emotional and physical symptoms. The 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health found that 7.8% of children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years had a current anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders in childhood and adolescence are associated with an increased likelihood of a future anxiety disorder or depression., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. This is a new recommendation., Population: Children and adolescents 18 years or younger who do not have a diagnosed anxiety disorder or are not showing recognized signs or symptoms of anxiety., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for anxiety in children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years has a moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient on screening for anxiety in children 7 years or younger., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for anxiety in children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for anxiety in children 7 years or younger. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Screening for Syphilis Infection in Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Advisory Committees, Female, Humans, Male, Preventive Health Services, Sexually Transmitted Diseases diagnosis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Syphilis diagnosis, Syphilis epidemiology
- Abstract
Importance: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that can progress through different stages (primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary) and cause serious health problems if left untreated. Reported cases of primary and secondary syphilis in the US increased from a record low of 2.1 cases per 100 000 population in 2000 and 2001 to 11.9 cases per 100 000 population in 2019. Men account for the majority of cases (83% of primary and secondary syphilis cases in 2019), and rates among women nearly tripled from 2015 to 2019., Objective: To reaffirm its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update focusing on targeted key questions evaluating the performance of risk assessment tools and the benefits and harms of screening for syphilis in nonpregnant adolescents and adults., Population: Asymptomatic, nonpregnant adolescents and adults who have ever been sexually active and are at increased risk for syphilis infection., Evidence Assessment: Using a reaffirmation process, the USPSTF concludes with high certainty that there is a substantial net benefit of screening for syphilis infection in nonpregnant persons who are at increased risk for infection., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for syphilis infection in persons who are at increased risk for infection. (A recommendation).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davidson KW, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Advisory Committees, Child, Humans, Preventive Health Services, Risk Assessment, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 diagnosis, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Prediabetic State diagnosis, Prediabetic State epidemiology
- Abstract
Importance: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 210 000 children and adolescents younger than 20 years had diabetes as of 2018; of these, approximately 23 000 had type 2 diabetes. Youth with type 2 diabetes have an increased prevalence of associated chronic comorbid conditions, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Data indicate that the incidence of type 2 diabetes is rising; from 2002-2003 to 2014-2015, incidence increased from 9.0 cases per 100 000 children and adolescents to 13.8 cases per 100 000 children and adolescents., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a review of the evidence on screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic, nonpregnant persons younger than 18 years. This is a new recommendation., Population: Children and adolescents younger than 18 years without known diabetes or prediabetes or symptoms of diabetes or prediabetes., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. There is a lack of evidence on the effect of screening for, and early detection and treatment of, type 2 diabetes on health outcomes in youth, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Advisory Committees, Aged, Humans, Hypertension complications, Hypertension diagnosis, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Preventive Health Services, Risk Assessment, United States, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Dyslipidemias complications, Dyslipidemias drug therapy, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors adverse effects, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Primary Prevention
- Abstract
Importance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and death in the US and is the cause of more than 1 of every 4 deaths. Coronary heart disease is the single leading cause of death and accounts for 43% of deaths attributable to CVD in the US. In 2019, an estimated 558 000 deaths were caused by coronary heart disease and 109 000 deaths were caused by ischemic stroke., Objective: To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a review of the evidence on the benefits and harms of statins for reducing CVD-related morbidity or mortality or all-cause mortality., Population: Adults 40 years or older without a history of known CVD and who do not have signs and symptoms of CVD., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that statin use for the prevention of CVD events and all-cause mortality in adults aged 40 to 75 years with no history of CVD and who have 1 or more CVD risk factors (ie, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, or smoking) and an estimated 10-year CVD event risk of 10% or greater has at least a moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that statin use for the prevention of CVD events and all-cause mortality in adults aged 40 to 75 years with no history of CVD and who have 1 or more of these CVD risk factors and an estimated 10-year CVD event risk of 7.5% to less than 10% has at least a small net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to determine the balance of benefits and harms of statin use for the primary prevention of CVD events and mortality in adults 76 years or older with no history of CVD., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians prescribe a statin for the primary prevention of CVD for adults aged 40 to 75 years who have 1 or more CVD risk factors (ie, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, or smoking) and an estimated 10-year CVD risk of 10% or greater. (B recommendation) The USPSTF recommends that clinicians selectively offer a statin for the primary prevention of CVD for adults aged 40 to 75 years who have 1 or more of these CVD risk factors and an estimated 10-year CVD risk of 7.5% to less than 10%. The likelihood of benefit is smaller in this group than in persons with a 10-year risk of 10% or greater. (C recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of initiating a statin for the primary prevention of CVD events and mortality in adults 76 years or older. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Coker TR, Davidson KW, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Advisory Committees, Clinical Decision-Making, Counseling, Dyslipidemias therapy, Glucose, Humans, Hypertension, Precision Medicine, Psychosocial Intervention, Risk Factors, United States, Behavior Therapy, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Diet, Healthy, Exercise, Health Promotion
- Abstract
Importance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which includes heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke, is the leading cause of death in the US. A large proportion of CVD cases can be prevented by addressing modifiable risk factors, including smoking, obesity, diabetes, elevated blood pressure or hypertension, dyslipidemia, lack of physical activity, and unhealthy diet. Adults who adhere to national guidelines for a healthy diet and physical activity have lower rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than those who do not; however, most US adults do not consume healthy diets or engage in physical activity at recommended levels., Objective: To update its 2017 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a review of the evidence on the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to promote healthy behaviors in adults without CVD risk factors., Population: Adults 18 years or older without known CVD risk factors, which include hypertension or elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, impaired fasting glucose or glucose tolerance, or mixed or multiple risk factors such as metabolic syndrome or an estimated 10-year CVD risk of 7.5% or greater., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that behavioral counseling interventions have a small net benefit on CVD risk in adults without CVD risk factors., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians individualize the decision to offer or refer adults without CVD risk factors to behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity. (C recommendation).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Advisory Committees, beta Carotene adverse effects, Mass Screening, Nutrition Surveys, Risk Assessment, Vitamin E adverse effects, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Dietary Supplements adverse effects, Minerals adverse effects, Minerals therapeutic use, Neoplasms prevention & control, Vitamins adverse effects, Vitamins therapeutic use
- Abstract
Importance: According to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, 52% of surveyed US adults reported using at least 1 dietary supplement in the prior 30 days and 31% reported using a multivitamin-mineral supplement. The most commonly cited reason for using supplements is for overall health and wellness and to fill nutrient gaps in the diet. Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the 2 leading causes of death and combined account for approximately half of all deaths in the US annually. Inflammation and oxidative stress have been shown to have a role in both cardiovascular disease and cancer, and dietary supplements may have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects., Objective: To update its 2014 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a review of the evidence on the efficacy of supplementation with single nutrients, functionally related nutrient pairs, or multivitamins for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality in the general adult population, as well as the harms of supplementation., Population: Community-dwelling, nonpregnant adults., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that the harms of beta carotene supplementation outweigh the benefits for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer. The USPSTF also concludes with moderate certainty that there is no net benefit of supplementation with vitamin E for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to determine the balance of benefits and harms of supplementation with multivitamins for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer. Evidence is lacking and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to determine the balance of benefits and harms of supplementation with single or paired nutrients (other than beta carotene and vitamin E) for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer. Evidence is lacking and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends against the use of beta carotene or vitamin E supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer. (D recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of the use of multivitamin supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of the use of single- or paired-nutrient supplements (other than beta carotene and vitamin E) for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Screening for Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Epling JW Jr, Jaén CR, Krist AH, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Simon MA, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Activities of Daily Living, Advisory Committees, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Mass Screening methods, Primary Health Care methods, Quality of Life, Risk Assessment, Visual Acuity, Vision Disorders diagnosis, Vision Disorders etiology, Vision Disorders therapy, Vision Screening methods
- Abstract
Importance: Impairment of visual acuity is a serious public health problem in older adults. The number of persons 60 years or older with impaired visual acuity (defined as best corrected visual acuity worse than 20/40 but better than 20/200) was estimated at 2.91 million in 2015, and the number who are blind (defined as best corrected visual acuity of 20/200 or worse) was estimated at 760 000. Impaired visual acuity is consistently associated with decreased quality of life in older persons, including reduced ability to perform activities of daily living, work, and drive safely, as well as increased risk of falls and other unintentional injuries., Objective: To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for impaired visual acuity in older adults., Population: Asymptomatic adults 65 years or older who present in primary care without known impaired visual acuity and are not seeking care for vision problems., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for impaired visual acuity in asymptomatic older adults. The evidence is lacking, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined. More research is needed., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for impaired visual acuity in older adults. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on Screening for Atrial Fibrillation-Reply.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Mangione C, and Ogedegbe G
- Subjects
- Advisory Committees, Humans, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Preventive Health Services, Risk Assessment, United States, Atrial Fibrillation diagnosis
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Screening for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Epling JW Jr, Jaén CR, Krist AH, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Simon MA, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Advisory Committees, Blindness, Humans, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Preventive Health Services, Risk Assessment, United States, Glaucoma, Open-Angle diagnosis, Glaucoma, Open-Angle therapy, Mass Screening methods
- Abstract
Importance: Glaucoma affects an estimated 2.7 million people in the US. It is the second-leading cause of irreversible blindness in the US and the leading cause of blindness in Black and Hispanic/Latino persons., Objective: To update its 2013 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for glaucoma in adults., Population: Adults 40 years or older who present in primary care and do not have signs or symptoms of open-angle glaucoma., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for glaucoma in adults. The benefits and harms of screening for glaucoma in adults are uncertain. More research is needed., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for primary open-angle glaucoma in adults. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Advisory Committees, Humans, Risk Assessment, United States, Mass Screening, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnosis
- Abstract
Importance: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an irreversible reduction of airflow in the lungs. Progression to severe disease can prevent participation in normal activities because of deterioration of lung function. In 2020 it was estimated that approximately 6% of US adults had been diagnosed with COPD. Chronic lower respiratory disease, composed mainly of COPD, is the sixth leading cause of death in the US., Objective: To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update that focused on targeted key questions for benefits and harms of screening for COPD in asymptomatic adults and treatment in screen-detected or screen-relevant adults., Population: Asymptomatic adults who do not recognize or report respiratory symptoms., Evidence Assessment: Using a reaffirmation process, the USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for COPD in asymptomatic adults has no net benefit., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends against screening for COPD in asymptomatic adults. (D recommendation).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Krist AH, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Colorectal Neoplasms mortality, Colorectal Neoplasms prevention & control, Computer Simulation, Hemorrhage chemically induced, Humans, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction drug therapy, Myocardial Infarction prevention & control, Primary Prevention, Risk Assessment, Stroke drug therapy, Stroke prevention & control, Aspirin adverse effects, Aspirin therapeutic use, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis, Cardiovascular Diseases mortality, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control
- Abstract
Importance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the US, accounting for more than 1 in 4 deaths. Each year, an estimated 605 000 people in the US have a first myocardial infarction and an estimated 610 000 experience a first stroke., Objective: To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on the effectiveness of aspirin to reduce the risk of CVD events (myocardial infarction and stroke), cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality in persons without a history of CVD. The systematic review also investigated the effect of aspirin use on colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality in primary CVD prevention populations, as well as the harms (particularly bleeding) associated with aspirin use. The USPSTF also commissioned a microsimulation modeling study to assess the net balance of benefits and harms from aspirin use for primary prevention of CVD and CRC, stratified by age, sex, and CVD risk level., Population: Adults 40 years or older without signs or symptoms of CVD or known CVD (including history of myocardial infarction or stroke) who are not at increased risk for bleeding (eg, no history of gastrointestinal ulcers, recent bleeding, other medical conditions, or use of medications that increase bleeding risk)., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD events in adults aged 40 to 59 years who have a 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk has a small net benefit. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that initiating aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD events in adults 60 years or older has no net benefit., Recommendation: The decision to initiate low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD in adults aged 40 to 59 years who have a 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk should be an individual one. Evidence indicates that the net benefit of aspirin use in this group is small. Persons who are not at increased risk for bleeding and are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily are more likely to benefit. (C recommendation) The USPSTF recommends against initiating low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD in adults 60 years or older. (D recommendation).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Collaboration and Shared Decision-Making Between Patients and Clinicians in Preventive Health Care Decisions and US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana MD, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Humans, Decision Making, Shared, Preventive Health Services
- Abstract
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) works to improve the health of people nationwide by making evidence-based recommendations for preventive services. Patient-centered care is a core value in US health care. Shared decision-making (SDM), in which patients and clinicians make health decisions together, ensures patients' rights to be informed and involved in preventive care decisions and that these decisions are patient-centered. SDM has a role across the spectrum of USPSTF recommendations. For A or B recommendations (judged by the USPSTF to have high or moderate certainty of a moderate or substantial net benefit at the population level), SDM allows individual patients to decide whether to accept such services based on their personal values and preferences. For C recommendations (indicating at least moderate certainty of a small net benefit at the population level), SDM is critical for individual patients to decide whether the net benefit for them is worthwhile. For D recommendations (reflecting at least moderate certainty of a zero or negative net benefit) or I statements (low certainty of net benefit), clinicians should be prepared to discuss these services if patients ask. More evidence is needed to determine if, in addition to promoting patient-centeredness, SDM reduces inequities in preventive care, as well as to define new strategies to find time for discussion of preventive services in primary care.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Screening for Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Jaén CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Feeding and Eating Disorders diagnosis, Feeding and Eating Disorders prevention & control
- Abstract
Importance: Eating disorders (eg, binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia nervosa) are a group of psychiatric conditions defined as a disturbance in eating or eating-related behaviors that impair physical or psychosocial functioning. According to large US cohort studies, estimated lifetime prevalences for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder in adult women are 1.42%, 0.46%, and 1.25%, respectively, and are lower in adult men (anorexia nervosa, 0.12%; bulimia nervosa, 0.08%; binge eating disorder, 0.42%). Eating disorder prevalence ranges from 0.3% to 2.3% in adolescent females and 0.3% to 1.3% in adolescent males. Eating disorders are associated with short-term and long-term adverse health outcomes, including physical, psychological, and social problems., Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for eating disorders in adolescents and adults with a normal or high body mass index. Evidence limited to populations who are underweight or have other physical signs or symptoms of eating disorders was not considered. The USPSTF has not previously made a recommendation on this topic., Population: Adolescents and adults (10 years or older) who have no signs or symptoms of eating disorders (eg, rapid weight loss, weight gain, or pronounced deviation from growth trajectory; pubertal delay; bradycardia; oligomenorrhea; and amenorrhea)., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for eating disorders in adolescents and adults. The evidence is limited and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for eating disorders in adolescents and adults. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Screening for Atrial Fibrillation: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Epling JW Jr, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Aged, Anticoagulants adverse effects, Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Asymptomatic Diseases, Atrial Fibrillation therapy, Electrocardiography standards, Humans, Ischemic Attack, Transient, Mass Screening adverse effects, Middle Aged, Stroke prevention & control, Atrial Fibrillation diagnosis, Mass Screening standards
- Abstract
Importance: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. The prevalence of AF increases with age, from less than 0.2% in adults younger than 55 years to about 10% in those 85 years or older, with a higher prevalence in men than in women. It is uncertain whether the prevalence of AF differs by race and ethnicity. Atrial fibrillation is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke and is associated with a substantial increase in the risk of stroke. Approximately 20% of patients who have a stroke associated with AF are first diagnosed with AF at the time of the stroke or shortly thereafter., Objective: To update its 2018 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on the benefits and harms of screening for AF in older adults, the accuracy of screening tests, the effectiveness of screening tests to detect previously undiagnosed AF compared with usual care, and the benefits and harms of anticoagulant therapy for the treatment of screen-detected AF in older adults., Population: Adults 50 years or older without a diagnosis or symptoms of AF and without a history of transient ischemic attack or stroke., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that evidence is lacking, and the balance of benefits and harms of screening for AF in asymptomatic adults cannot be determined., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for AF. (I statement).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Actions to Transform US Preventive Services Task Force Methods to Mitigate Systemic Racism in Clinical Preventive Services.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Cabana MD, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Krist AH, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Simon M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Advisory Committees, Health Equity, Humans, Preventive Health Services methods, United States, Organizational Policy, Preventive Health Services organization & administration, Systemic Racism prevention & control
- Abstract
Importance: US life expectancy and health outcomes for preventable causes of disease have continued to lag in many populations that experience racism., Objective: To propose iterative changes to US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) processes, methods, and recommendations and enact a commitment to eliminate health inequities for people affected by systemic racism., Design and Evidence: In February 2021, the USPSTF began operational steps in its work to create preventive care recommendations to address the harmful effects of racism. A commissioned methods report was conducted to inform this process. Key findings of the report informed proposed updates to the USPSTF methods to address populations adversely affected by systemic racism and proposed pilots on implementation of the proposed changes., Findings: The USPSTF proposes to consider the opportunity to reduce health inequities when selecting new preventive care topics and prioritizing current topics; seek evidence about the effects of systemic racism and health inequities in all research plans and public comments requested, and integrate available evidence into evidence reviews; and summarize the likely effects of systemic racism and health inequities on clinical preventive services in USPSTF recommendations. The USPSTF will elicit feedback from its partners and experts and proposed changes will be piloted on selected USPSTF topics., Conclusions and Relevance: The USPSTF has developed strategies intended to mitigate the influence of systemic racism in its recommendations. The USPSTF seeks to reduce health inequities and other effects of systemic racism through iterative changes in methods of developing evidence-based recommendations, with partner and public input in the activities to implement the advancements.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Screening and Interventions to Prevent Dental Caries in Children Younger Than 5 Years: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Child, Preschool, Dental Caries complications, Dental Caries diagnosis, Dental Caries epidemiology, Diagnosis, Oral, Humans, Nutrition Surveys, Quality of Life, United States epidemiology, Advisory Committees, Cariostatic Agents administration & dosage, Dental Caries prevention & control, Fluorides, Topical administration & dosage, Primary Prevention
- Abstract
Importance: Dental caries is the most common chronic disease in children in the US. According to the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, approximately 23% of children aged 2 to 5 years had dental caries in their primary teeth. Prevalence is higher in Mexican American children (33%) and non-Hispanic Black children (28%) than in non-Hispanic White children (18%). Dental caries in early childhood is associated with pain, loss of teeth, impaired growth, decreased weight gain, negative effects on quality of life, poor school performance, and future dental caries., Objective: To update its 2014 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on screening and interventions to prevent dental caries in children younger than 5 years., Population: Asymptomatic children younger than 5 years., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit of preventing future dental caries with oral fluoride supplementation at recommended doses in children 6 months or older whose water supply is deficient in fluoride. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit of preventing future dental caries with fluoride varnish application in all children younger than 5 years. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient on performing routine oral screening examinations for dental caries by primary care clinicians in children younger than 5 years and that the balance of benefits and harms of screening cannot be determined., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that primary care clinicians prescribe oral fluoride supplementation starting at age 6 months for children whose water supply is deficient in fluoride. (B recommendation) The USPSTF recommends that primary care clinicians apply fluoride varnish to the primary teeth of all infants and children starting at the age of primary tooth eruption. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine screening examinations for dental caries performed by primary care clinicians in children younger than 5 years. (I statement).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Aligning Payment and Policies With Health Care Value and Equity: Blood Pressure as a National Vital Sign.
- Author
-
Fiscella K, Tobin JN, and Ogedegbe G
- Subjects
- Blood Pressure, Policy, Delivery of Health Care, Health Equity
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Simon MA, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal administration & dosage, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal adverse effects, Aspirin administration & dosage, Aspirin adverse effects, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Perinatal Death prevention & control, Pre-Eclampsia ethnology, Pregnancy, Premature Birth prevention & control, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal therapeutic use, Aspirin therapeutic use, Pre-Eclampsia prevention & control
- Abstract
Importance: Preeclampsia is one of the most serious health problems that affect pregnant persons. It is a complication in approximately 4% of pregnancies in the US and contributes to both maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Preeclampsia also accounts for 6% of preterm births and 19% of medically indicated preterm births in the US. There are racial and ethnic disparities in the prevalence of and mortality from preeclampsia. Non-Hispanic Black women are at greater risk for developing preeclampsia than other women and experience higher rates of maternal and infant morbidity and perinatal mortality., Objective: To update its 2014 recommendation, the USPSTF commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of low-dose aspirin use to prevent preeclampsia., Population: Pregnant persons at high risk for preeclampsia who have no prior adverse effects with or contraindications to low-dose aspirin., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a substantial net benefit of daily low-dose aspirin use to reduce the risk for preeclampsia, preterm birth, small for gestational age/intrauterine growth restriction, and perinatal mortality in pregnant persons at high risk for preeclampsia., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends the use of low-dose aspirin (81 mg/d) as preventive medication for preeclampsia after 12 weeks of gestation in persons who are at high risk for preeclampsia. (B recommendation).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Screening for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Krist AH, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Simon MA, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Asymptomatic Diseases, Chlamydia Infections complications, Female, Gonorrhea complications, Humans, Male, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease etiology, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease prevention & control, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sexual Behavior, Young Adult, Chlamydia Infections diagnosis, Gonorrhea diagnosis, Mass Screening standards
- Abstract
Importance: Chlamydia and gonorrhea are among the most common sexually transmitted infections in the US. Infection rates are highest among adolescents and young adults of both sexes. Chlamydial and gonococcal infections in women are usually asymptomatic and may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and its associated complications. Newborns of pregnant persons with untreated infection may develop neonatal chlamydial pneumonia or gonococcal or chlamydial ophthalmia. Infection in men may lead to urethritis and epididymitis. Both types of infection can increase risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV., Objective: To update its 2014 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in sexually active adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons., Population: Asymptomatic, sexually active adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for chlamydia in all sexually active women 24 years or younger and in women 25 years or older who are at increased risk for infection has moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for gonorrhea in all sexually active women 24 years or younger and in women 25 years or older who are at increased risk for infection has moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in men., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for chlamydia in all sexually active women 24 years or younger and in women 25 years or older who are at increased risk for infection. (B recommendation) The USPSTF recommends screening for gonorrhea in all sexually active women 24 years or younger and in women 25 years or older who are at increased risk for infection. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in men. (I statement).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Krist AH, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Owens DK, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose analysis, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 prevention & control, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 therapy, Disease Progression, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin analysis, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity complications, Overweight complications, Prediabetic State therapy, Risk Reduction Behavior, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 diagnosis, Mass Screening standards, Prediabetic State diagnosis
- Abstract
Importance: An estimated 13% of all US adults (18 years or older) have diabetes, and 34.5% meet criteria for prediabetes. The prevalences of prediabetes and diabetes are higher in older adults. Estimates of the risk of progression from prediabetes to diabetes vary widely, perhaps because of differences in the definition of prediabetes or the heterogeneity of prediabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure and new cases of blindness among adults in the US. It is also associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and was estimated to be the seventh leading cause of death in the US in 2017. Screening asymptomatic adults for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes may allow earlier detection, diagnosis, and treatment, with the ultimate goal of improving health outcomes., Objective: To update its 2015 recommendation, the USPSTF commissioned a systematic review to evaluate screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic, nonpregnant adults and preventive interventions for those with prediabetes., Population: Nonpregnant adults aged 35 to 70 years seen in primary care settings who have overweight or obesity (defined as a body mass index ≥25 and ≥30, respectively) and no symptoms of diabetes., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes and offering or referring patients with prediabetes to effective preventive interventions has a moderate net benefit., Conclusions and Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in adults aged 35 to 70 years who have overweight or obesity. Clinicians should offer or refer patients with prediabetes to effective preventive interventions. (B recommendation).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Screening for Gestational Diabetes: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, Second, Pregnancy Trimesters, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Diabetes, Gestational diagnosis, Mass Screening standards
- Abstract
Importance: Gestational diabetes is diabetes that develops during pregnancy. Prevalence of gestational diabetes in the US has been estimated at 5.8% to 9.2%, based on traditional diagnostic criteria, although it may be higher if more inclusive criteria are used. Pregnant persons with gestational diabetes are at increased risk for maternal and fetal complications, including preeclampsia, fetal macrosomia (which can cause shoulder dystocia and birth injury), and neonatal hypoglycemia. Gestational diabetes has also been associated with an increased risk of several long-term health outcomes in pregnant persons and intermediate outcomes in their offspring., Objective: The USPSTF commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the accuracy, benefits, and harms of screening for gestational diabetes and the benefits and harms of treatment for the pregnant person and infant., Population: Pregnant persons who have not been previously diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit to screening for gestational diabetes at 24 weeks of gestation or after to improve maternal and fetal outcomes. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence on screening for gestational diabetes before 24 weeks of gestation is insufficient, and the balance of benefits and harms of screening cannot be determined., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for gestational diabetes in asymptomatic pregnant persons at 24 weeks of gestation or after. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for gestational diabetes in asymptomatic pregnant persons before 24 weeks of gestation. (I statement).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Assessment of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Access to COVID-19 Vaccination Sites in Brooklyn, New York.
- Author
-
Williams N, Tutrow H, Pina P, Belli HM, Ogedegbe G, and Schoenthaler A
- Subjects
- Adult, Black or African American statistics & numerical data, Female, Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, New York, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 Vaccines supply & distribution, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Health Services Accessibility statistics & numerical data, Healthcare Disparities ethnology, Racial Groups statistics & numerical data
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Behavioral Counseling Interventions for Healthy Weight and Weight Gain in Pregnancy: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Krist AH, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Simon M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Fetal Macrosomia prevention & control, Health Behavior, Humans, Obesity prevention & control, Obesity therapy, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications prevention & control, Behavior Therapy, Counseling, Gestational Weight Gain
- Abstract
Importance: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing among persons of childbearing age and pregnant persons. In 2015, almost half of all persons began pregnancy with overweight (24%) or obesity (24%). Reported rates of overweight and obesity are higher among Black, Alaska Native/American Indian, and Hispanic women and lower among White and Asian women. Excess weight at the beginning of pregnancy and excess gestational weight gain have been associated with adverse maternal and infant health outcomes such as a large for gestational age infant, cesarean delivery, or preterm birth., Objective: The USPSTF commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to prevent adverse health outcomes associated with obesity during pregnancy and to evaluate intermediate outcomes, including excess gestational weight gain. This is a new recommendation., Population: Pregnant adolescents and adults in primary care settings., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that behavioral counseling interventions aimed at promoting healthy weight gain and preventing excess gestational weight gain in pregnancy have a moderate net benefit for pregnant persons., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians offer pregnant persons effective behavioral counseling interventions aimed at promoting healthy weight gain and preventing excess gestational weight gain in pregnancy. (B recommendation).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Krist AH, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Owens DK, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Colorectal Neoplasms ethnology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Sigmoidoscopy, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Colonoscopy methods, Colorectal Neoplasms diagnosis, Early Detection of Cancer adverse effects, Early Detection of Cancer methods, Occult Blood
- Abstract
Importance: Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death for both men and women, with an estimated 52 980 persons in the US projected to die of colorectal cancer in 2021. Colorectal cancer is most frequently diagnosed among persons aged 65 to 74 years. It is estimated that 10.5% of new colorectal cancer cases occur in persons younger than 50 years. Incidence of colorectal cancer (specifically adenocarcinoma) in adults aged 40 to 49 years has increased by almost 15% from 2000-2002 to 2014-2016. In 2016, 26% of eligible adults in the US had never been screened for colorectal cancer and in 2018, 31% were not up to date with screening., Objective: To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for colorectal cancer in adults 40 years or older. The review also examined whether these findings varied by age, sex, or race/ethnicity. In addition, as in 2016, the USPSTF commissioned a report from the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network Colorectal Cancer Working Group to provide information from comparative modeling on how estimated life-years gained, colorectal cancer cases averted, and colorectal cancer deaths averted vary by different starting and stopping ages for various screening strategies., Population: Asymptomatic adults 45 years or older at average risk of colorectal cancer (ie, no prior diagnosis of colorectal cancer, adenomatous polyps, or inflammatory bowel disease; no personal diagnosis or family history of known genetic disorders that predispose them to a high lifetime risk of colorectal cancer [such as Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis])., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with high certainty that screening for colorectal cancer in adults aged 50 to 75 years has substantial net benefit. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for colorectal cancer in adults aged 45 to 49 years has moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for colorectal cancer in adults aged 76 to 85 years who have been previously screened has small net benefit. Adults who have never been screened for colorectal cancer are more likely to benefit., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for colorectal cancer in all adults aged 50 to 75 years. (A recommendation) The USPSTF recommends screening for colorectal cancer in adults aged 45 to 49 years. (B recommendation) The USPSTF recommends that clinicians selectively offer screening for colorectal cancer in adults aged 76 to 85 years. Evidence indicates that the net benefit of screening all persons in this age group is small. In determining whether this service is appropriate in individual cases, patients and clinicians should consider the patient's overall health, prior screening history, and preferences. (C recommendation).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Screening for Hypertension in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Pressure Determination standards, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Humans, Blood Pressure Determination methods, Hypertension diagnosis, Mass Screening standards
- Abstract
Importance: Hypertension is a prevalent condition that affects approximately 45% of the adult US population and is the most commonly diagnosed condition at outpatient office visits. Hypertension is a major contributing risk factor for heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic kidney disease., Objective: To reaffirm its 2015 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for hypertension in adults, the accuracy of office blood pressure measurement for initial screening, and the accuracy of various confirmatory blood pressure measurement methods., Population: Adults 18 years or older without known hypertension., Evidence Assessment: Using a reaffirmation deliberation process, the USPSTF concludes with high certainty that screening for hypertension in adults has substantial net benefit., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for hypertension in adults 18 years or older with office blood pressure measurement. The USPSTF recommends obtaining blood pressure measurements outside of the clinical setting for diagnostic confirmation before starting treatment. (A recommendation).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Screening for Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Epling JW Jr, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Owens DK, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Asymptomatic Diseases, Humans, Vitamin D blood, Vitamin D therapeutic use, Vitamin D Deficiency blood, Vitamin D Deficiency drug therapy, Vitamins therapeutic use, Mass Screening adverse effects, Mass Screening methods, Vitamin D analogs & derivatives, Vitamin D Deficiency diagnosis
- Abstract
Importance: Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that performs an important role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism and also affects many other cellular regulatory functions outside the skeletal system. Vitamin D requirements may vary by individual; thus, no one serum vitamin D level cutpoint defines deficiency, and no consensus exists regarding the precise serum levels of vitamin D that represent optimal health or sufficiency., Objective: To update its 2014 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on screening for vitamin D deficiency, including the benefits and harms of screening and early treatment., Population: Community-dwelling, nonpregnant adults who have no signs or symptoms of vitamin D deficiency or conditions for which vitamin D treatment is recommended., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes that the overall evidence on the benefits of screening for vitamin D deficiency is lacking. Therefore, the balance of benefits and harms of screening for vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic adults cannot be determined., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic adults. (I statement).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Screening for Hearing Loss in Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Epling JW Jr, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Aged, Hearing Aids, Hearing Loss diagnosis, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural rehabilitation, Hearing Tests adverse effects, Humans, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Risk Assessment, Sensitivity and Specificity, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural diagnosis, Mass Screening adverse effects
- Abstract
Importance: Age-related sensorineural hearing loss is a common health problem among adults. Nearly 16% of US adults 18 years or older report difficulty hearing. The prevalence of perceived hearing loss increases with age. Hearing loss can adversely affect an individual's quality of life and ability to function independently and has been associated with increased risk of falls, hospitalizations, social isolation, and cognitive decline., Objective: To update its 2012 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on screening for hearing loss in adults 50 years or older., Population: Asymptomatic adults 50 years or older with age-related hearing loss., Evidence Assessment: Because of a lack of evidence, the USPSTF concludes that the benefits and harms of screening for hearing loss in asymptomatic older adults are uncertain and that the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined. More research is needed., Recommendation: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for hearing loss in older adults. (I statement).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Screening for Lung Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Kubik M, Landefeld CS, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Owens DK, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Lung diagnostic imaging, Middle Aged, Risk Assessment, Sensitivity and Specificity, Smoking Cessation, Early Detection of Cancer adverse effects, Early Detection of Cancer standards, Lung Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Smoking, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
Importance: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in the US. In 2020, an estimated 228 820 persons were diagnosed with lung cancer, and 135 720 persons died of the disease. The most important risk factor for lung cancer is smoking. Increasing age is also a risk factor for lung cancer. Lung cancer has a generally poor prognosis, with an overall 5-year survival rate of 20.5%. However, early-stage lung cancer has a better prognosis and is more amenable to treatment., Objective: To update its 2013 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on the accuracy of screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and on the benefits and harms of screening for lung cancer and commissioned a collaborative modeling study to provide information about the optimum age at which to begin and end screening, the optimal screening interval, and the relative benefits and harms of different screening strategies compared with modified versions of multivariate risk prediction models., Population: This recommendation statement applies to adults aged 50 to 80 years who have a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that annual screening for lung cancer with LDCT has a moderate net benefit in persons at high risk of lung cancer based on age, total cumulative exposure to tobacco smoke, and years since quitting smoking., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends annual screening for lung cancer with LDCT in adults aged 50 to 80 years who have a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. Screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery. (B recommendation) This recommendation replaces the 2013 USPSTF statement that recommended annual screening for lung cancer with LDCT in adults aged 55 to 80 years who have a 30 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Listening to Latinx Patient Perspectives on COVID-19 to Inform Future Prevention Efforts.
- Author
-
Ornelas IJ and Ogedegbe G
- Subjects
- Healthcare Disparities, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Qualitative Research, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Screening for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Donahue K, Doubeni CA, Epling JW Jr, Kubik M, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Simon MA, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Carotid Stenosis drug therapy, Carotid Stenosis surgery, Computed Tomography Angiography, False Positive Reactions, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Angiography, Risk Assessment, Ultrasonography, Asymptomatic Diseases, Carotid Arteries diagnostic imaging, Carotid Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Mass Screening adverse effects, Stroke prevention & control
- Abstract
Importance: Carotid artery stenosis is atherosclerotic disease that affects extracranial carotid arteries. Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis refers to stenosis in persons without a history of ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or other neurologic symptoms referable to the carotid arteries. The prevalence of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis is low in the general population but increases with age., Objective: To determine if its 2014 recommendation should be reaffirmed, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence review. The reaffirmation update focused on the targeted key questions on the potential benefits and harms of screening and interventions, including revascularization procedures designed to improve carotid artery blood flow, in persons with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis., Population: This recommendation statement applies to adults without a history of transient ischemic attack, stroke, or other neurologic signs or symptoms referable to the carotid arteries., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF found no new substantial evidence that could change its recommendation and therefore concludes with moderate certainty that the harms of screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis outweigh the benefits., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends against screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in the general adult population. (D recommendation).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Interventions for Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Persons: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Donahue K, Doubeni CA, Epling JW Jr, Kubik M, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Simon MA, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adult, Combined Modality Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Pregnancy, Primary Health Care, Smoking Cessation Agents adverse effects, Tobacco Use Cessation methods, Tobacco Use Cessation Devices adverse effects, Tobacco Use Disorder drug therapy, Behavior Therapy, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Smoking Cessation methods, Smoking Cessation Agents therapeutic use, Tobacco Use Disorder therapy
- Abstract
Importance: Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the US. In 2014, it was estimated that 480 000 deaths annually are attributed to cigarette smoking, including second hand smoke exposure. Smoking during pregnancy can increase the risk of numerous adverse pregnancy outcomes (eg, miscarriage and congenital anomalies) and complications in the offspring (including sudden infant death syndrome and impaired lung function in childhood). In 2019, an estimated 50.6 million US adults (20.8% of the adult population) used tobacco; 14.0% of the US adult population currently smoked cigarettes and 4.5% of the adult population used electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). Among pregnant US women who gave birth in 2016, 7.2% reported smoking cigarettes while pregnant., Objective: To update its 2015 recommendation, the USPSTF commissioned a review to evaluate the benefits and harms of primary care interventions on tobacco use cessation in adults, including pregnant persons., Population: This recommendation statement applies to adults 18 years or older, including pregnant persons., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with high certainty that the net benefit of behavioral interventions and US Food and Drug Associated (FDA)-approved pharmacotherapy for tobacco smoking cessation, alone or combined, in nonpregnant adults who smoke is substantial. The USPSTF concludes with high certainty that the net benefit of behavioral interventions for tobacco smoking cessation on perinatal outcomes and smoking cessation in pregnant persons is substantial. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence on pharmacotherapy interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in pregnant persons is insufficient because few studies are available, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence on the use of e-cigarettes for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons, is insufficient, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined. The USPSTF has identified the lack of well-designed, randomized clinical trials on e-cigarettes that report smoking abstinence or adverse events as a critical gap in the evidence., Recommendations: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians ask all adults about tobacco use, advise them to stop using tobacco, and provide behavioral interventions and FDA-approved pharmacotherapy for cessation to nonpregnant adults who use tobacco. (A recommendation) The USPSTF recommends that clinicians ask all pregnant persons about tobacco use, advise them to stop using tobacco, and provide behavioral interventions for cessation to pregnant persons who use tobacco. (A recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of pharmacotherapy interventions for tobacco cessation in pregnant persons. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of e-cigarettes for tobacco cessation in adults, including pregnant persons. The USPSTF recommends that clinicians direct patients who use tobacco to other tobacco cessation interventions with proven effectiveness and established safety. (I statement).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Screening for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
- Author
-
Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Donahue K, Doubeni CA, Epling JW Jr, Kubik M, Ogedegbe G, Owens DK, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Simon MA, Tseng CW, and Wong JB
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Emigrants and Immigrants, Hepatitis B Vaccines, Humans, Mass Screening adverse effects, Risk Factors, United States, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens blood, Hepatitis B virus immunology, Hepatitis B, Chronic diagnosis, Mass Screening standards
- Abstract
Importance: An estimated 862 000 persons in the US are living with chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Persons born in regions with a prevalence of HBV infection of 2% or greater, such as countries in Africa and Asia, the Pacific Islands, and parts of South America, often become infected at birth and account for up to 95% of newly reported chronic infections in the US. Other high-prevalence populations include persons who inject drugs; men who have sex with men; persons with HIV infection; and sex partners, needle-sharing contacts, and household contacts of persons with chronic HBV infection. Up to 60% of HBV-infected persons are unaware of their infection, and many remain asymptomatic until onset of cirrhosis or end-stage liver disease., Objective: To update its 2014 recommendation, the USPSTF commissioned a review of new randomized clinical trials and cohort studies published from 2014 to August 2019 that evaluated the benefits and harms of screening and antiviral therapy for preventing intermediate outcomes or health outcomes and the association between improvements in intermediate outcomes and health outcomes. New key questions focused on the yield of alternative HBV screening strategies and the accuracy of tools to identify persons at increased risk., Population: This recommendation statement applies to asymptomatic, nonpregnant adolescents and adults at increased risk for HBV infection, including those who were vaccinated before being screened for HBV infection., Evidence Assessment: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for HBV infection in adolescents and adults at increased risk for infection has moderate net benefit., Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for HBV infection in adolescents and adults at increased risk for infection. (B recommendation).
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.