1. Cortical Structures Associated With Human Blood Pressure Control
- Author
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Nuria Lacuey, Jonathan P. Miller, Johnson P. Hampson, Samden D. Lhatoo, Ajay Vithala, Bilal Zonjy, Kenneth A. Loparo, Wanchat Theeranaew, and Norma J. Hupp
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Drug Resistant Epilepsy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cardiac output ,Deep Brain Stimulation ,Diastole ,Blood Pressure ,Neocortex ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Electrocardiography ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epilepsy ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Brodmann area 25 ,Heart rate ,Humans ,Medicine ,Epilepsy surgery ,Prospective Studies ,Aged ,Original Investigation ,business.industry ,Respiration ,Electroencephalography ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Pulse pressure ,Blood pressure ,Cardiology ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Importance A better understanding of the role of cortical structures in blood pressure control may help us understand cardiovascular collapse that may lead to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Objective To identify cortical control sites for human blood pressure regulation. Design, Setting, and Participants Patients with intractable epilepsy undergoing intracranial electrode implantation as a prelude to epilepsy surgery in the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center were potential candidates for this study. Inclusion criteria were patients 18 years or older who had electrodes implanted in one or more of the regions of interest and in whom deep brain electrical stimulation was indicated for mapping of ictal onset or eloquent cortex as a part of the presurgical evaluation. Twelve consecutive patients were included in this prospective case series from June 1, 2015, to February 28, 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures Changes in continuous, noninvasive, beat-by-beat blood pressure parameter responses from amygdala, hippocampal, insular, orbitofrontal, temporal, cingulate, and subcallosal stimulation. Electrocardiogram, arterial oxygen saturation, end-tidal carbon dioxide, nasal airflow, and abdominal and thoracic plethysmography were monitored. Results Among 12 patients (7 female; mean [SD] age, 44.25 [12.55] years), 9 electrodes (7 left and 2 right) all in Brodmann area 25 (subcallosal neocortex) in 4 patients produced striking systolic hypotensive changes. Well-maintained diastolic arterial blood pressure and narrowed pulse pressure indicated stimulation-induced reduction in sympathetic drive and consequent probable reduction in cardiac output rather than bradycardia or peripheral vasodilation–induced hypotension. Frequency-domain analysis of heart rate and blood pressure variability showed a mixed picture. No other stimulated structure produced significant blood pressure changes. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that Brodmann area 25 has a role in lowering systolic blood pressure in humans. It is a potential symptomatogenic zone for peri-ictal hypotension in patients with epilepsy.
- Published
- 2018
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