1. Modulation of Monocyte Activation and Function during Direct Antiviral Agent Treatment in Patients Coinfected with HIV and Hepatitis C Virus
- Author
-
Yusnelkis Milanés-Guisado, Maria Trujillo-Rodriguez, Ana I. Alvarez-Rios, Luis F. López-Cortés, Alicia Gutierrez-Valencia, M. Reyes Jimenez-Leon, Ezequiel Ruiz-Mateos, Pompeyo Viciana, Nuria Espinosa, Cristina Roca-Oporto, Rebeca S. de Pablo-Bernal, Ana Serna-Gallego, Laura Tarancon-Diez, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Red Española de Investigación en SIDA, European Commission, and Junta de Andalucía
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharide ,cell-associated DNA ,Cell-associated DNA: Inflammation ,HIV Infections ,Hepacivirus ,CD49d ,medicine.disease_cause ,Monocytes ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,CX3CR1 ,Pharmacology (medical) ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Coinfection ,virus diseases ,Hepatitis C ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,polyfunctionality ,monocyte ,HCV ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Hepatitis C virus ,Activation ,Antiviral Agents ,Flow cytometry ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Humans ,030304 developmental biology ,Reservoir ,Pharmacology ,CD40 ,business.industry ,Monocyte ,HIV ,DAAs ,Hepatitis C, Chronic ,Monocyte: Polyfunctionality ,chemistry ,inflammation ,Polyfunctionality [Monocyte] ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Inflammation [Cell-associated DNA] ,business - Abstract
The activation phenotypes and functional changes in monocyte subsets during hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients were evaluated. Twenty-two HIV/HCV-coinfected patients on suppressive combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) achieving HCV elimination after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy and 10 HIV-monoinfected patients were included. The activation phenotype (10 markers) and polyfunctionality (intracellular interleukin-1α [IL-1α], IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], and IL-10 production) in three monocyte subsets (classical, intermediate, and nonclassical) were evaluated by flow cytometry before and at the end of treatment. Cell-associated HIV DNA levels were assayed by droplet digital PCR. After HCV clearance, there was a significant increase in classical monocyte and decreases in intermediate and nonclassical monocyte levels. The levels of the activation markers CD49d, CD40, and CX3CR1 were decreased after treatment in the monocyte subsets, reaching the levels in HIV-monoinfected patients. After lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, although polyfunctionality significantly decreased in intermediate and nonclassical monocytes, some combinations, such as the IL-1α− (IL-1α-negative) IL-1β− IL-6+ (IL-6-producing) IL-8− TNF-α− IL-10− combination, were remarkably increased at the end of treatment compared to the control group. Cell-associated HIV DNA levels correlated with activation markers before but not after treatment. HCV clearance after DAA treatment in patients on cART exerts an anti-inflammatory profile on monocyte subsets, activation phenotypes, and polyfunctionality. However, there is not a complete normalization compared with HIV-monoinfected patients., This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (research contracts CPII014/00025 to E.R.-M., CP19/00159 to A.G.-V., FI17/00186 to M.R.J.-L., and FI14/00431 to L.T.-D. and research projects PI16/00684 and PI19/01127 to E.R.-M.) and the Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en SIDA (RD16/0025/0020 and RD16/0025/0019), which is included in the Acción Estratégica en Salud, Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, 2008 to 2011 and 2013 to 2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondos FEDER. E.R.-M. was supported by the Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social of the Junta de Andalucía through the Nicolás Monardes program (C-0032/17).
- Published
- 2020