1. Rapid Engineering of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine and Challenge Viruses
- Author
-
Su-Mi Kim, Hyang-Sim Lee, Myoung-Heon Lee, Jeong-Nam Park, Jong-Soo Lee, Yeo-Joo Lee, Jong-Hyeon Park, Jung Won Park, Mi-Kyeong Ko, Seo-Yong Lee, Min-Eun Park, Dongseob Tark, Joo-Hyung Choi, Jia-Qi Chu, Rae-Hyung Kim, Young-Joon Ko, Byounghan Kim, Min-Goo Seo, and Kwang-Nyeong Lee
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Serotype ,Synthetic vaccine ,Swine ,viruses ,Immunology ,Microbiology ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,Virology ,Vaccines and Antiviral Agents ,Antigenic variation ,medicine ,Animals ,serotype ,synthetic vaccine ,Vaccines, Synthetic ,Foot-and-mouth disease ,biology ,Viral Vaccine ,pathogenesis ,Viral Vaccines ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Recombinant Proteins ,Vaccination ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Vaccines, Inactivated ,Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus ,Insect Science ,Foot-and-Mouth Disease ,Capsid Proteins ,Foot-and-mouth disease virus - Abstract
There are seven antigenically distinct serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), each of which has intratypic variants. In the present study, we have developed methods to efficiently generate promising vaccines against seven serotypes or subtypes. The capsid-encoding gene (P1) of the vaccine strain O1/Manisa/Turkey/69 was replaced with the amplified or synthetic genes from the O, A, Asia1, C, SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3 serotypes. Viruses of the seven serotype were rescued successfully. Each chimeric FMDV with a replacement of P1 showed serotype-specific antigenicity and varied in terms of pathogenesis in pigs and mice. Vaccination of pigs with an experimental trivalent vaccine containing the inactivated recombinants based on the main serotypes O, A, and Asia1 effectively protected them from virus challenge. This technology could be a potential strategy for a customized vaccine with challenge tools to protect against epizootic disease caused by specific serotypes or subtypes of FMDV. IMPORTANCE Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) causes significant economic losses. For vaccine preparation, the selection of vaccine strains was complicated by high antigenic variation. In the present study, we suggested an effective strategy to rapidly prepare and evaluate mass-produced customized vaccines against epidemic strains. The P1 gene encoding the structural proteins of the well-known vaccine virus was replaced by the synthetic or amplified genes of viruses of seven representative serotypes. These chimeric viruses generally replicated readily in cell culture and had a particle size similar to that of the original vaccine strain. Their antigenicity mirrored that of the original serotype from which their P1 gene was derived. Animal infection experiments revealed that the recombinants varied in terms of pathogenicity. This strategy will be a useful tool for rapidly generating customized FMD vaccines or challenge viruses for all serotypes, especially for FMD-free countries, which have prohibited the import of FMDVs.
- Published
- 2017