1. Natural Product-Derived Chiral Pyrrolidine-2,5-diones, Their Molecular Structures and Conversion to Pharmacologically Important Skeletons.
- Author
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Habel D, Nair DS, Kallingathodi Z, Mohan C, Pillai SM, Nair RR, Thomas G, Haleema S, Gopinath C, Abdul RV, Fritz M, Puente AR, Johnson JL, Polavarapu PL, and Ibnusaud I
- Subjects
- Molecular Structure, Stereoisomerism, Biological Products chemistry, Pyrrolidines chemistry, Pyrrolidines pharmacology
- Abstract
The versatility of the natural products (2 S ,3 S )- and (2 S ,3 R )-3-hydroxy-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2,3-dicarboxylic acids ( 1 and 2 ), isolated in large amounts from tropical plant sources, has been demonstrated by the construction of 3-substituted and 3,4-disubstituted chiral pyrrolidine-2,5-diones. The absolute configurations of chiral pyrrolidine-2,5-diones have been ascertained using chiroptical spectroscopic methods and/or single-crystal XRD data. A combination of different reaction strategies delivering a diverse matrix of fused heterocyclic ring systems is presented. The pyrrolo[2,1- a ]isoquinoline alkaloid (+)-crispine A possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities including antidepressant, antiplatelet, antileukemic, and anticancer activities. The analogues of indolizino[8,7- b ]indole alkaloids (+)- and (-)-harmicine show strong antileishmanial, antinociceptive, PDE5-inhibitory, antimalarial, and antiviral activities. The bicyclic furo[2,3- b ]pyrrolo skeleton is present in many natural products. Thus, the uniqueness of relatively cheap, naturally occurring chiral 2-hydroxycitric acid lactones as chirons has been demonstrated by the construction of some important molecular skeletons that are otherwise difficult to synthesize.
- Published
- 2020
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