1. Anti-inflammatory Effect of Methyl Gallate on Experimental Arthritis: Inhibition of Neutrophil Recruitment, Production of Inflammatory Mediators, and Activation of Macrophages.
- Author
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Correa LB, Pádua TA, Seito LN, Costa TE, Silva MA, Candéa AL, Rosas EC, and Henriques MG
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Arthritis, Experimental, Brazil, Cyclooxygenase 2 metabolism, Cytokines metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Edema chemically induced, Edema drug therapy, Gallic Acid chemistry, Gallic Acid pharmacology, Inflammation chemically induced, Interleukin-1beta metabolism, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Molecular Structure, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha pharmacology, Zymosan pharmacology, Gallic Acid analogs & derivatives, Inflammation Mediators pharmacology, Macrophages drug effects, Neutrophil Infiltration drug effects, Plants, Medicinal chemistry
- Abstract
Methyl gallate (MG) is a prevalent phenolic acid in the plant kingdom, and its presence in herbal medicines might be related to its remarkable biological effects, such as its antioxidant, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities. Although some indirect evidence suggests anti-inflammatory activity for MG, there are no studies demonstrating this effect in animal models. Herein, we demonstrated that MG (0.7-70 mg/kg) inhibited zymosan-induced experimental arthritis in a dose-dependent manner. The oral administration of MG (7 mg/kg) attenuates arthritis induced by zymosan, affecting edema formation, leukocyte migration, and the production of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL-1, LTB4, and PGE2). Pretreatment with MG inhibited in vitro neutrophil chemotaxis elicited by CXCL-1, as well as the adhesion of these cells to TNF-α-primed endothelial cells. MG also impaired zymosan-stimulated macrophages by inhibiting IL-6 and NO production, COX-2 and iNOS expression, and intracellular calcium mobilization. Thus, MG is likely to present an anti-inflammatory effect by targeting multiple cellular events such as the production of various inflammatory mediators, as well as leukocyte activation and migration.
- Published
- 2016
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