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In Death's Waiting Room is a penetrating story about people suffering from dementia in a multi-cultural society, relevant to us all. Anne-Mei The carried out two years of ethnographic research in a nursing home in the Netherlands revealing what usually remains hidden from the public: the decision to stop treatment, the cultural and social gap between the Dutch occupants and the black Caribbean nursing staff, the communication problems with relatives, the tensions and aggression. But she also shares with us the touching and funny moments and experiences with the elderly occupants. This book also unravels "the Blauwborgje case" - which was the focus of much media attention in the Netherlands in the late 1990s - in which a nursing home refused to re-hydrate a man with extreme dementia because they considered his condition to be terminal, whilst his family disagreed and pressed charges for attempted murder. Anne-Mei The gives an account of the events that took place and also explores the wider relevance of the case.

This analytic study surveys the transformations of elderly care policies and practices since the early 1990s, by comparing the trajectories of two extremely different care systems: Italy, a familialistic model with no relevant changes in social policies; and the Netherlands, a formal care model under restructuring. The author demonstrates that, in spite of strong policy pressures, the Dutch system remains a formal care model and represents a case of institutional and social resistance to welfare restructuring By contrast, the Italian system has shifted from family-based to a mix of family- and market-based model, despite the absence of substantial policy intervention. She argues that the ongoing changes need to be seen from a micro-to-macro perspective, considering the choices and strategies of the actors that are limited and conditioned by the institutional framework, but also represent possible forces of social change., Strategies of Care analyseert de veranderingen in de ouderenzorg vanaf het begin van de jaren negentig van de vorige eeuw. Auteur Barbara Da Roit doet dit aan de hand van een vergelijking tussen Italië - een land met een traditioneel, weinig veranderlijk en familievriendelijk model - en Nederland, dat een formeel zorgmodel heeft dat grondig wordt herzien. Het onderzoek bespreekt de trends in de zorgbehoeften van ouderen tegen het licht van de veranderingen in de zorgpakketten. Aan de hand van een analyse op basis van gesprekken met familieleden, professionele zorgverleners en sleutelfiguren in de ouderenzorg geeft dit boek inzicht in de manier waarop zorgpakketten worden geconstrueerd en de logica die daarachter schuilgaat.

Because borders alone cannot stop irregular migration, the European Union is turning more and more to internal control measures. Through surveillance, member states aim to exclude irregular migrants from societal institutions, thereby discouraging their stay or deporting those who are apprehended. And yet, states cannot expel immigrants who remain anonymous. Identification has thus become key. Breaking Down Anonymity shows how digital surveillance is becoming a prime instrument of identification and exclusion policies towards irregular migrants. To support this claim, the study charts policy developments in Germany and the Netherlands. It analyses both countries' labour market controls as well as their detention and expulsion practices. Also examined is the development of several new EU migration databases. Spanning the Continent, these information systems create a new European Union frontier - one that is digital, biometric and ever-strengthening., Deze studie onderzoekt de hypothese dat digitale surveillance een steeds belangrijker instrument wordt voor de identificatie en uitsluiting van illegalen. Het onderzoek richt zich op de beleidsontwikkelingen in Nederland en Duitsland op de arbeidsmarkt, in de vreemdelingendetentie en het uitzettingsbeleid en analyseert de nieuwe biometrische migratie databanken van de EU.

The Dutch second generation of Turkish and Moroccan origin is coming of age and making a transition from education to the labour market. This first publication of the TIES Project (Towards the Integration of the European Second Generation) studies the social situation and views of this ethnic group, drawing on the research carried out in Amsterdam and Rotterdam in 2006-07 among the Dutch-born children of immigrants from Turkey and Morocco and a comparison group of young people (age 18-35) whose parents were born in the Netherlands., De Nederlandse tweede generatie van Turkse en Marokkaanse afkomst is volwassen aan het worden en de oudere cohorten van deze nog jonge populatie hebben inmiddels de overstap van het onderwijs naar de arbeidsmarkt gemaakt. Dit betekent dat nu gekeken kan worden naar de positie die deze tweede generatie inneemt in de Nederlandse samenleving. Deze eerste publicatie van het TIES project (Towards the Integration of the European Second Generation) behandelt een verscheidenheid aan onderwerpen met als doel de situatie en de denkbeelden van en over deze groepen in Amsterdam en Rotterdam in beeld te brengen.

Gifts, from objects to hospitality and from poems to support, are a means of establishing and maintaining social ties. This study focuses on the nature of seventeenth- century Dutch social relations through the exchange of gifts by a wide range of individuals, from schoolmaster and artisan to poet and regent. Their gift-exchange behaviour is compared to contemporary gift exchange to show that both strategy and affection are necessary elements of social relations at any given time, and that what changes most is not the system but the discourse of exchange.

A social revolution has taken place in Europe. Women's employment patterns changed drastically the last decades. But they are still different across Europe. Welfare state scholars often presume that diversity and change in women's employment across Europe is based on financial (dis) incentive structures embedded in welfare states. This book shows, by in depth analyses of women's (and men's) employment and care patterns as well as child care services, taxation, leave schemes and social security in four different welfare states (the UK, the Netherlands, Denmark and Belgium) that this logic does not hold. A mother is not primarily the homo economicus welfare state scholars tend to presume. 'to work or to care 'is above all a moral predicament. What explains better the differences in Europe is to place care centrally and analyse welfare states as cultural agents. In the case of caring and paid employment, welfare states send culturally-defined moral images of good-enough caring in the form of ideals of care. An ideal of care implies a definition of what is good care and who gives it. These ideals of care are embedded in welfare states and their regulations, laws and implementation processes. Each welfare state promotes specific ideals of care. Cultural explanations downplay the role of the state too much. Culture, as is shown, is located within rather than outside the welfare state. The welfare state is not only a notary drawing contracts between the state and citizens or a merchant connecting supply and demand, but also a priest. This book shows, by studying care policy in welfare states, that social policy has an impact on women's and men's division of labour and care. But especially when welfare states are not seen as a financial structures only, but as cultural catalysts.

The Politics of Justification is an investigation of welfare retrenchment in Denmark and the Netherlands, 1982-1998. Welfare retrenchment is politically highly controversial, but still governments do retrench. This book argues that governments can implement retrenchment if they can achieve a party political consensus allowing them to frame retrenchment in a way that makes it seems justified to the electorate. In the Netherlands, such a consensus emerged in the mid 1980s due to the power of the CDA. It has allowed Dutch government to implement a number of welfare retrenchments. In Denmark, a consensus did not emerge until the Social Democratic Party re-entered government in 1993 explaining why the Danish welfare state has seen less retrenchment than the Dutch one. With its focus on the strategies of the political parties, the book differs from many other studies of the subject focusing on the role of political institutions.

Traditionally, the Netherlands has enjoyed being a test market for many ideas in the media. But over the last decade, progress has been severely hampered by lengthy discussions on the future structure of just one sector of media, namely public broadcasting via radio and television. The narrow approach results in a lot of paper, speeches and theories, but little in the way of definitive policy making. In a report to the government, published in February 2005, the Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) argued for very different approaches to policy making. The recommendations are not only much broader than "broadcasting"; they tackle the challenges of making robust policy from new angles. Instead of trying to repair the old compass, the approach has been to find new instruments to help policymakers navigate the stormy and often confusing waters ahead. Perhaps the problem in the Netherlands is not accepting the new media, but rather accepting that the role "old" media has undergone a paradigm shift. Since the bulk of the WRR findings were published in the Dutch language, this summary is intended to provide readers outside the Netherlands with an insight into the issues at stake - and the solutions suggested by the WRR.

Few other countries are so interrelated with the world around us in political, economic, and social respects as the Netherlands. This means that the Dutch government needs to be alert in its response to the risks and opportunities presented by a rapidly changing world. Addressing this issue, the Scientific Council for Government Policy (wrr) offers some reflections in this report, guided by the question how the Netherlands can develop a foreign policy strategy that matches the changing power relations in the world and the radically changed character of international relations. The answer to this question is a reorientation. This means making transparent choices, making smarter use of Europe as our dominant arena, and, finally, choosing an approach that makes better use of the growing role of non-state actors. The report's recommendations not only underline the necessity of reorientation but also show how this could be accomplished in practice.

The Netherlands played a remarkable role during the October War and the oil crisis of 1973. In secret, the Dutch government sent a substantial amount of ammunition and spare parts to Israel. The Dutch supported Israel also politically. Within the EC they vetoed a more pro-Arab policy. The Arab oil producing countries punished The Netherlands by imposing an oil embargo. The embargo against the Netherlands was intimidating. The Netherlands was dependent on Arab oil. The embargo seemed to threaten the Dutch position in the international oil sector. The government introduced several measures to reduce oil consumption. However, within two months it became clear that oil continued to arrive in Rotterdam. There was in fact no oil shortage in the Netherlands. The Netherlands even profited from the oil crisis. The energy situation in The Netherlands was much better than in other West European countries. The Dutch, therefore, rejected French plans for a more interventionist energy policy. Atlanticism and liberalism were the key words of the Dutch policy during the oil crisis. This book is the result of intensive research in all relevant Dutch archives. The authors had free access to all the files they wanted to see. They also used resources from other countries involved. Many politicians were interviewed. The result is a surprising analysis of the oil crisis of 1973, and of the Dutch role in particular.

The European Union has a huge impact on the government and policies of its member states. It is thus surprising that the ways in which national governments attempt to shape EU policies is a topic seriously understudied. This book discusses relevant academic insights and presents a framework for analysing national interest representation. The empirical part discusses the EU policy of the Dutch government throughout the 1990s and presents a reconstuction of the negotiations on two internal market directives. It thereby offers both for academics and practitioners a clear oversight of the making of European poliices and the relevant moments and instruments for national interest representation.

Despite widespread scepticism in receiving societies, migrants often remain loyal to their former homeland and stay active in the politics there. Beyond Dutch Borders is about such ties. Combining extensive fieldwork with quantitative data, this book compares how transnational political involvement among guest workers from Turkey and post-colonial migrants from Surinam living in the Netherlands has evolved over the past half-century. It looks at Turks seeking to improve their position in Dutch society, Kurds lobbying for equal rights in Turkey and Surinamese hoping to boost development in their country of origin. Sending-state governments, political parties and organisations are shown to be key shapers of transnational migrant politics both in opposition to, and support of, homeland ruling elites. Meanwhile, it becomes clear that migrants' border-crossing loyalties and engagement have not dented their political integration in the receiving societies - quite the opposite. Certainly in this respect, the sceptics have been wrong., Ondanks het heersende grote wantrouwen van het gastland, blijven migranten vaak trouw aan hun land van herkomst en blijven actief in de politiek. Door uitgebreid veldwerk te combineren met kwantitatieve gegevens vergelijkt de auteur de manier waarop transnationale politieke betrokkenheid zich heeft ontwikkeld onder gastarbeiders uit Turkije en postkoloniale migranten uit Suriname die in Nederland leven. Duidelijk wordt dat de grensoverschrijdende loyaliteit en betrokkenheid van immigranten hun politieke integratie in het gastland niet heeft belemmerd, maar juist heeft gestimuleerd.

Debates on immigrant integration are often caught up in what academics and politicians like to call 'national models of integration'. Researchers and policymakers long for common ground. In the Netherlands, their symbiosis is fed by multiculturalism, something for which Dutch society has long been seen as exemplary. Still, the incorporation of migrants remains one of the country's most pressing social and political concerns. This book thus challenges the idea that there has ever been a coherent or consistent Dutch model of integration. Analysing how immigration is framed and reframed through diverse dialogues, it provides a highly dynamic understanding of integration policy and its evolution alongside migration research. Focus falls on the Netherlands of the past three decades, yet as these findings are held up to the cases of France, Germany and the United Kingdom, insights emerge to more universal questions. Just what are the current political and academic controversies all about? How can governments respond to the challenges of our time? And what contribution can social scientists make?, Debatten over de integratie van immigranten vervallen vaak in wat academici en politici 'nationale modellen van integratie' noemen, omdat onderzoekers en beleidsmakers verlangen naar een herkenbare structuur. In Nederland wordt deze symbiose gevoed door het multiculturalisme, iets waarvoor de Nederlandse samenleving lange tijd als exemplarisch werd beschouwd. Toch blijft de integratie van migranten een van de meest urgente zaken voor de sociale en politieke belangen van Nederland. Dit boek zet vraagtekens bij het idee dat er ooit een coherent of consistent Nederlandse model van integratie is geweest. De analyse van het migratie-onderzoek in Nederland en hoe immigratie wordt omlijst en herkaderd via diverse dialogen, biedt een zeer dynamische kijk de invloed hiervan op en de evolutie van het integratiebeleid. Gefocust wordt op het Nederland van de afgelopen drie decennia, maar de bevindingen zijn ook van toepassing op Frankrijk, Duitsland en het Verenigd Koninkrijk, en de zo ontstane inzichten resulteren in universele vragen: Waar gaan de huidige politieke en academische controverses eigenlijk over? Hoe kunnen overheden inspelen op de uitdagingen van onze tijd? En welke bijdrage kunnen sociale wetenschappers hierin leveren?

Making illegal residence unattractive is a way for Western governments to limit migration from non-Western countries. Focusing on Dutch neighbourhoods with substantial levels of unauthorised migrants, Illegal Residence and Public Safety in the Netherlands examines how restrictive immigration policy influences immigrant crime and perceived neighborhood security. Salient questions arise. To what extent, and under which conditions, do illegal residence and illegal migration impact public safety? Does having illegal residence status influence how people observe or break the law and other social rules? Do their ties with established groups, such as legal migrants, employers and partners, have any sway? Answers to these issues begin surfacing in this rich combination of quantitative information, comprising police figures and surveys on victimisation, and qualitative sources, including interviews at the Dutch Aliens Custody and urban field research., Illegal Residence and Public Safety in the Netherlands is een onderzoek naar de gevolgen van de steeds drastischere maatregelen om illegaal verblijf in Nederland tegen te gaan. EU-lidstaten als Nederland hanteren steeds zwaardere voorwaarden voor immigratie vanuit niet-westerse landen en niet-Europese landen. Arjen Leerkes onderzocht in hoeverre het verblijf en de migratie van illegale immigranten gevolgen hebben voor de publieke veiligheid en criminaliteit in Nederland. Zijn illegale immigranten eerder geneigd tot criminaliteit of weerhoudt hun juridische status hen er juist van?

This book examines two major social changes experienced by European cities in the last two decades: post-industrial economic restructuring and new immigration flows. The link between both has been extensively discussed throughout a variety of theoretical approaches and in numerous descriptive contributions. Adding to those studies, this research focuses on three elements of migratory experience that have been relatively neglected thus far: a dynamic view of changes over time, the influence of national welfare and legislation frameworks, and the importance of support mechanisms outside the labour market. The material underpinning the arguments is the qualitative life-course analysis of 81 in-depth interviews with Senegambian migrants living in Antwerp and Barcelona., Deze dissertatie onderzoekt twee belangrijke sociale veranderingen die Europese steden in de laatste twee decennia hebben ondergaan: postindustriële economische herstructurering en nieuwe immigratiestromen. Inge van Nieuwenhuyze bespreekt drie nieuwe elementen van de migratieproblematiek, die tot dusver relatief onderbelicht zijn geweest: een dynamisch overzicht van de veranderingen, de invloed van de nationale welzijns- en wetgevingskaders en het belang van de opvangmogelijkheden buiten de arbeidsmarkt. Het materiaal is verkregen uit 81 diepte-interviews met Senegalezen en Gambianen woonachtig in Antwerpen en Barcelona.

In the globalised world of today, traditional definitions of national Self and national Other no longer hold. The unmistakable transformation of German and Dutch societies demands a thorough rethinking of national boundaries on several levels. This book examines how literature of migration intervenes in public discourses on multiculturality in Germany and the Netherlands, epitomised in the strikingly parallel debates on the 'German Leitkultur' and the Dutch 'multicultural drama' in the year 2000. By juxtaposing detailed analyses of literary work by the Turkish-German writers Emine Sevgi özdamar and Feridun Zaimoglu and the Moroccan-Dutch writers Abdelkader Benali and Hafid Bouazza, New Germans, New Dutch offers crucial insights into the specific ways in which this literature negotiates its national context of writing. This book demonstrates how German literature of migration seeks alternative forms of community outside the national parameters, whereas the Dutch literature negotiates difference and re-imagines Dutchness within the national framework., De etnische transformatie van de Duitse en Nederlandse samenleving vraagt om diepgaande reflectie op het omstreden concept van nationale identiteit. Literatuur levert een belangrijke bijdrage aan dit proces van reflectie. New Germans, New Dutch onderzoekt migratieliteratuur in de Nederlandse en Duitse context. Literaire werken van de Turks Duitse schrijvers Emine Sevgi özdamar en Feridun Zaimoglu en de Marokkaans-Nederlandse schrijvers Abdelkader Benali en Hafid Bouazza worden beschouwd als kritische buiteninterventies in polariserende debatten over het 'multiculturele drama' en de 'deutsche Leitkultur'. De Duits-Nederlandse vergelijking biedt een verrassend inzicht in de nationale specificiteit van zowel deze interventies als van de verbeeldingen van nationale identiteit in deze literatuur. Dit is de eerste uitgave in de reeks Palimpsest: Disorientations.

In The Social Significance of the Neighbourhood the negative image of the social quality of poor urban districts is critically examined based on research in two districts of The Hague. This investigation focuses on the extent to which living in a certain quarter could constitute as an obstacle to social mobility and what role social relations play between local residents therein. Based on interviews with residents in a poor and a mixed neighborhood this study outlines the role that the neighborhood and local residents play in the social and working lives of residents., In De sociale betekenis van de buurt wordt de negatieve beeldvorming over de sociale kwaliteit van arme stadswijken aan de tand gevoeld aan de hand van onderzoek in twee Haagse wijken. Het onderzoek richt zich op de vraag in hoeverre het wonen in een achterstandswijk een belemmering kan vormen voor sociale mobiliteit en welke rol sociale relaties tussen buurtbewoners daarin spelen. Aan de hand van interviews met bewoners in een arme en een gemengde wijk wordt een beeld geschetst van de rol die de buurt en buurtbewoners spelen in het sociale en werkende leven van bewoners.

A study of the role of music and youth culture in the identification procces of Dutch-Moroccan youth., In haar proefschrift Rhythm and Rhymes of Life: Music and Identification Processes of Dutch-Moroccan Youth legt Miriam Gazzah uit hoe identiteitsprocessen van Nederlands-Marokkaanse jeugd en muziek met elkaar samenhangen. Muziek is voor jongeren een belangrijke uitlaatklep. Nederlands-Marokkaanse jongeren gebruiken diverse muziekgenres in verschillende sociale contexten. In islamitische kringen woedt onder geleerden en gelovigen een hevig debat over de toelaatbaarheid van muziek. Tegenstanders associëren muziek met immoreel gedrag, zoals alcoholgebruik en onwettige relaties tussen mannen en vrouwen. Gazzah laat zien hoe jongeren zich in dit debat positioneren.

People like to live in a safe neighborhood. Areas with a variety of facilities like houses, offices and shops seem to be an important strategy to improve the safety of a neighborhood. More people on the streets means better social control, is the thought behind this strategy. But do people on the streets have consideration for each other? This book is a theory on urban environment, public familiarity and trust on the one hand. On the other it is a very practical plea for a careful planning and nuanced governance of the public space., Iedereen woont graag in een veilige buurt. Gevarieerdere buurten waar wonen, werken en winkelen elkaar afwisselen zijn een belangrijke strategie geworden om veiligheid te bereiken. Van ogen op straat gaat sociale controle uit, zo is dan de gedachte. Maar hebben mensen met ogen op straat ook oog voor elkaar? Oog voor Elkaar is enerzijds een theorie over stedelijke omgeving, publieke familiariteit en vertrouwen. Anderzijds is het een praktijkgericht, op alledaagse verhalen gebaseerd pleidooi voor zorgvuldiger vormgeving en beheer van stedelijke openbare ruimte.

Dwindling fish stocks, changing markets and often ill-advised government intervention have affected the lives of Dutch fishermen for decades. The author of this study has spent years among the fishermen of the Dutch island of Texel, and this book records the changes in their working lives, tracking the influence of national and international factors on the social and cultural structures of the community.

Huge social transformations and turbulent political events - 9/11 and the political murders of Pim Fortuyn and Theo van Gogh - have put urban issues high on the political agenda of the Netherlands. Against this background, the contributors to this volume bring the city in sight from various disciplinary perspectives and relate their research findings to both national and international debates on urban problems. In this way, City in Sight not only provides insight into the most urgent questions of contemporary cities in the Netherlands, but also how these relate to similar problems in other countries as well. Table of contents: Part I Urban Transformations and Local Settings 1 Post-Industrialization and Ethnocentrism in Contemporary Dutch Cities: The Effects of Job Opportunities and Residential Segregation / Jeroen van der Waal and Jack Burgers 2 Unraveling Neighborhood Effects: Evidence from Two European Welfare States / Sako Musterd and Fenne M. Pinkster 3 The Effects of State-Led Gentrification in the Netherlands / Peter van der Graaf and Lex Veldboer 4 Problematic Areas or Places of Fun? Ethnic Place Marketing in the Multicultural City of Rotterdam / Ilse van Liempt and Lex Veldboer Part II Urban Citizenship and Civic Life 5 Local and Transnational Aspects of Citizenship Political Practices and Identifications of Middle-class Migrants in Rotterdam / Marianne van Bochove, Katja Rusinovic and Godfried Engbersen 6 A Little Less Conversation, a Little More Action: Real-life Expressions of Vital Citizenship in City Neighborhoods / Ted van de Wijdeven and Frank Hendriks 7 Organize Liberal, Think Conservative: Citizenship in Light Communities / Menno Hurenkamp 8 ‘Control over the Remote Control’, or How to Handle the ‘Normal’ World? The Policy and Practice of Community Care for People with Psychiatric or Intellectual Disabilities / Loes Verplanke and Jan Willem Duyvendak 9 Changing Urban Networks and Gossip: Moroccan Migrant Women’s Networks in the Dutch Welfare State, De bijdragen in deze bundel geven zicht op de stad en stedelijke verandering vanuit verschillende invalshoeken. De auteurs plaatsen hun bevindingen in de context van het Nederlandse en internationale debat over stedelijke problematiek. City in Sight laat zien wat de meest prangende kwesties zijn waar Nederlandse steden zich momenteel voor gesteld zien.

The pageantry of Oprah Winfrey's talk show, the Coca-Cola empire, Michael Jackson's turn from the King of Pop into an iconic global recluse: American pop culture - Hollywood cinema, television, pop music - dominates the rest of the world through its hegemonic presence. Does that make everyone a hybridized American, or do these elements find mediation within the other cultures that consume them? Fabricating the Absolute Fake applies concepts of postmodern theory - Baudrillard's hyperreality and Eco's "absolute fake," among others - to this globally mediated American pop culture in order to examine both the phenomenon itself and its appropriation in the Netherlands, as evidenced by such diverse cultural icons as the Elvis-inspired crooner Lee Towers, the Moroccan-Dutch rapper Ali B, musical tributes to an assassinated politician, and the Dutch reality soap opera scene. A fascinating exploration of how global cultures struggle to create their own "America" within a post-9/11 media culture, Fabricating the Absolute Fake reflects on what it might mean to truly take part in American pop culture.

This book prompts a fresh look on immigrant integration policy. Revealing just where immigrants and their receiving societies interact everyday, it shows how societal inclusion is administered and produced at a local level. The studies presented focus on three issue areas of migration policy - citizenship, welfare services and religious diversity - and consider cities in very different national contexts. Spanning Switzerland, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands and Canada, the cases display great variety in their theoretical and methodological approaches. In all the countries considered, we see that the local level has an undeniable relevance despite differences in state structures, models of integration and centre-peripheral relations. Particularly for future migration policy research, such a complex comparative exercise thus yields an important universal realisation: the local dimension of migration policymaking matters.

Honour killings are murders that are carried out to purify tarnished honour, the honour in question being namus. Both men and women possess namus. For women and girls, namus means chastity, while for men it means having chaste female family members. Honour killing is a widely known phenomenon in Turkey, where the Hürriyet newspaper reports an average of six such killings a month. As a result of migration since the 1960s and 1970s, we also encounter it in Western Europe (the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, France, Sweden and Denmark). This study examines in detail 20 cases of honour killing by Turks in the Netherlands. Particular attention is given to the social factors that play a role in the decision to commit a honour killing.

Woman and the Colonial State deals with the ambiguous relationship between women of both the European and the Indonesian population and the colonial state in the former Netherlands Indies in the first half of the twentieth century. Based on new data from a variety of sources: colonial archives, journals, household manuals, children's literature, and press surveys, it analyses the women-state relationship by presenting five empirical studies on subjects, in which women figured prominently at the time: Indonesian labour, Indonesian servants in colonial homes, Dutch colonial fashion and food, the feminist struggle for the vote and the intense debate about monogamy of and by women at the end of the 1930s. An introductory essay combines the outcomes of the case studies and relates those to debates about Orientalism, the construction of whiteness, and to questions of modernity and the colonial state formation.

'Looking for loopholes: processes of incorporation of illegal immigrants in the Netherlands' offers a detailed account of how illegal immigrants, who are legally excluded, manage to incorporate into Dutch society. By combining the perspectives of immigrants on the one hand and of those who have to implement the 'discouragement policy' on the other hand, the study shows how tensions between restrictive rules and day-to-day practices are growing. Based on long-term research in the four largest cities in the Netherlands, attention is paid to the role of informal employment and criminal involvement and to practices in the fields of education, housing, health-care and police surveillance.

A highly informative report on Chinese immigrants in the Netherlands, We Need Two Worlds is a clear and well-structured dissertation which presents a considerable amount of new material to existing knowledge of Chinese associations and their role in the Netherlands. The situation in Amsterdam is comparable to Chinese societies in other major cities, e.g. New York and London. This comprehensive study will help Western students, academics, civil servants, politicians and journalists who have an interest in Chinese culture to gain a better understanding of the significance of their associations. It also illustrates how Chinese immigrants live together and operate within a western society.

Examining the relations between the rise of scientific psychiatry and the emergence of mental health nursing in Dutch asylums, this study analyses the social relationships of class, gender and religion that structured asylum care in the Netherlands around 1900. Drawing on archival collections of four Dutch asylums, the book highlights the gendered nature of mental health nursing politics. Seeking to model the asylum after the forceful example of the general hospital, psychiatrists introduced new somatic treatments and designed mental nurse training which aimed at creating a nursing staff skilled in somatic care. The training system, based on the projected image of the civilized, middle-class female nurse, bringing competence and compassion to the care of the mentally ill, created new opportunities for women, while at the same time restricting the role of men in nursing. Capturing the contradictory realities of hospital-oriented asylum care, the book illustrates the social complexity of the care of the mentally ill and forms an important addition to the historiography on European psychiatry.

The Netherlands is the only country in the world in which euthanasia, under narrow-defined circumstances, is legally permissible. Considerable attention has been paid over a number of years to the problem of regulating it and information has been systematically collected concerning actual practice. Therefore the Dutch experience is of interest not only to the Dutch, but to anyone who is considering wether or not to make euthanasia a legal practice. This book is written for a reader without specific knowledge of law. The central focus of the book is on Dutch law pertaining to euthanansia, but it also considers the moral and legal principles that have played a role in the Dutch debate, the available evidence bearing on actual practice and on the effectiveness of legal control. It ends with some reflections on the problem of the 'slippery slope' and the question whether the Dutch experience is 'exportable'. It includes translations of the relevant legislation (including proposed reforms) and of three leading cases.

The Netherlands and Belgium exemplified the pathology of 'welfare without work' that characterized continental welfare states - until a political crisis in both countries produced a surprising divergence in scope and extent of policy change in the early 1990s. In Belgium, government announced major reforms but its social security arrangements proved remarkably resilient. In the Netherlands, policy makers announced and implemented unprecedented cutbacks and a major overhaul of the disability benefit administration and supervision. This book argues that reform is the product of the deliberate construction of a crisis as an imperative for change. It explains how crisis rhetoric resulted in drastic policy change in the Netherlands and in incremental change in Belgium., Nederland en België waren beiden het toonbeeld van 'welvaart zonder werk'. Beide landen kenden een hoge uitkeringsafhankelijkheid en een lage arbeidsparticipatie, totdat begin jaren negentig de 'politieke crisis' losbarstte. In België werd opgeroepen tot een 'Globaal Pakt' en een structurele herziening van het sociale zekerheidssysteem. De Belgische instituties bleken echter weerbarstig en veranderden nauwelijks. In Nederland werd drastisch gesneden in de uitkeringen, de Arbeidsongeschiktheidsverzekering en de corporatistische uitvoeringsstructuur werden ingrijpend gewijzigd. In deze unieke vergelijkende studie wordt onderzocht waarom vergelijkbare problemen in vergelijkbare landen leidden tot verschillende overheidsinterventies. Niet eerder werden Nederland en België op dit onderwerp met elkaar vergeleken. De verschillen in de hervormingen tussen beide landen worden verklaard vanuit de crisisretoriek die door politici werd gebruikt om structurele problemen aan te pakken en ingrijpende hervormingen door te drukken.

In Search of Effective Disability Policy examines the potentials of two very different strategies of integrating disabled people into the working life. In the Netherlands employers have great responsi-bility for the integration. In contrast employers have limited responsibility in the Danish strategy, where public authorities are crucial. This book finds that there are virtues and drawbacks of both strategies. While the Dutch policy promotes work-retention of sick-listed workers, it hampers the labour market entry of non-employed disabled people. This is so because employers avoid hiring disabled people as future work-disability inflicts costs upon employers. This is not the case in Denmark. But here too many workers with health problems lose their labour market attachment because employers are allowed to dismiss them and as public reintegration measures do not work as intended. Consequently, an effective disability policy should demand neither too little nor too much of employers. By combing macro-level analyses with empirical analyses at the micro-level this book distinguishes itself from most other studies in the field.

The familiar shape of western cities is changing dramatically. For long times the urban core was taken for granted as the focal point for international contacts and day-to-day activities in the region. Currently, the urban scope is transforming into multi centred forms at metropolitan scale. The transition is not just a matter of spatial form, it is reflecting social, economic and cultural processes. The question is what new identities may develop in such changing historical conditions of space and place. The book is a first attempt to analyse the process of urban transformation in an integral way. The focus is on the region of Amsterdam. All contributions are written by senior researchers of the Amsterdam studycentre for the Metropolitan Environment (AME). AME is the interdisciplinary urban research institute of the Universiteit van Amsterdam. As the urban research institute at the Universiteit van Amsterdam, the Amsterdam studycentre for the Metropolitan Environment (AME) analyses the economic, social and cultural aspects of this spatial transformation, usually in international comparative research. All contributions to this book are written by senior researchers of AME in an attempt to analyse in an integral way the present and future dilemmas out of the historical growth paths of this dynamic city.

A detailed analysis of the response to the Yugoslav crisis by one of America's key allies in NATO. The author focuses on the question of how a Western bureaucracy faced up to the most complex foreign policy challenge of the 1990s. The Netherlands, as a 'pocket-sized medium power', is an interesting case study. While the margins for Dutch foreign policy are limited, fate had it that the Netherlands occupied the European presidency during the second half of 1991, when the recognition issue divided the West and the parameters for the subsequent international intervention in the Balkans were set. By July 1995, the involvement of the Netherlands had deepened to the extent that Dutch troops who found themselves trapped in the UN safe area of Srebrenica together with the local Muslim population were unable to prevent the worst massacre in Europe since the Second World War. This study is based on interviews with all the major players, including two former Defence Ministers and two former Ministers of Foreign Affairs, and on documents from the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, made available under the country's own 'freedom of information act'.

Many of today's Dutch writers were children during World War II. Even today, the traumatic childhood experience of enemy occupation is still central to the work of many of them. This interest cuts across the traditional boundaries between fiction, autobiography and the literature of trauma and recovery. A Family Occupation is the first English-language introduction to Dutch-language texts written by and about the 'Children of the War' and their cultural context. Their themes and literary conventions throw an interesting light on the Dutch approach to issues such as guilt and innocence, memory and narrative, national identity, child abuse and victimhood.

Since 1957 the Film Museum in Amsterdam has been in possession of the Desmet Collection which contains the estate of the Dutch cinema owner and film distributor Jean Desmet (1875-1956). The collection comprises almost nine hundred European and American films in all genres, a collection of publicity material and a dauntingly large business archive. These three sources form the basis of this first comprehensive reconstruction of Desmet's career: from his nomadic beginnings as a traveling showman, working the seasonal fairgrounds of the Netherlands and Belgium, to his successful switch to permanent cinema operation and film distribution. The history of Desmet's career offers not simply an abstract of an individual character and his personal ambitions and motivations, but also epitomizes transformations in the world of cinema as an industry. Between 1907 and 1916 the world of cinema experienced radical structural change which Desmet not only witnessed but also helped to bring about. Given the insufficiencies of Dutch film production, Desmet became a link between film production abroad and film exhibition in the Netherlands. Desmet is not merely representative of the rise of the permanent movie house and the coming of the film distributor. This book shows how his fortunes also encapsulate a series of structural changes within the new culture of permanent cinema and film distribution. In film distribution these changes embraced the introduction of film rental, the advent of the long feature film, the introduction of the monopoly distribution system and the periodic transformation of the products on offer. In the business of cinema operation change involved specialization, the creation of fixed theater venues, the development of a theater hierarchy, expansions of scale, the introduction of trade journals and the gradual legitimization of cinema as a popular cultural institution. These transformations were not confined to the Netherlands but were also taking place in the re