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Nutritional encephalomalacia is a metabolic disorder characterized by clinical neurological signs and its etiology is attributed to hypovitaminosis E. It affects young chickens causing high losses to breeders and agroindustries due to their high morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to report macroscopic and histopathological changes in a case of nutritional encephalomalacia. A young chicken with four weeks of life conducted to the Animal Pathology Laboratory of Federal University of Rondônia. Physical examination showed poor body score and neurological signs, such as ataxia, circling, head lateralization, prostration and hypersensitivity, characterized by body spasms initiated after stimuli such as loud sounds and physical touch. After euthanasia, necroscopic examination was performed, organ fragments were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. Necroscopic examination revealed collictive necrosis in the brain, which was extremely friable, with a pale color. In histopathological analysis, changes such as cytoplasmic vacuolization, Purkinje cell degeneration and extensive focal malacia in the cortical gray matter and white matter of the cerebellum were observed. From the clinical history and necroscopic and histopathological observations, the case was diagnosed as nutritional encephalomalacia by hypovitaminosis E. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]