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Abstract The incorporation of natural fibers into polymer matrices poses challenges due to physicochemical incompatibility, which is typically addressed through precursor modification or the use of compatibilizers. Here, we introduce a novel type of composite that overcomes this challenge by utilizing a network of fine, porous cellulosic sheets inter-diffused with a commercial paraffin films. This approach physically adheres the fiber network to the matrix, preserving its structure. Microscopy images confirm the formation of the proposed microstructure, and mechanical testing reveals a gradual increase in modulus and strength with the incorporation of cellulose. The maximum incorporation achieved was 7.6% (w/w) of cellulosic fibers, resulting in a 167% increase (1.67 times improved) in composite stiffness. Moreover, these composites exhibit ductility, with an average deformation of 410 ± 38%, corresponding to 20% reduction in relation to pure matrix. Our findings demonstrate the potential of this approach for developing sustainable materials with improved mechanical properties.

Independentemente do material adotado como melhor estratégia para uso em sacolas, cada um tem um destino final ideal que pode ser: compostagem, reciclagem mecânica, reciclagem energética, aterros sanitários, entre outros. Assim, a infra-estrutura de coleta, identificação e disposição do resíduo pós-consumo desse material deve estar associada à escolha feita para garantir sua sustentabilidade sócio-econômica. Além disso, soluções ainda controversas com relação ao real impacto no meio ambiente, não podem ser condenadas, nem incentivadas, mas devem sim ser avaliadas. Nesse sentido, cabe à comunidade científica fornecer bases sólidas e confiáveis, para que as avaliações sejam baseadas em uma visão global do problema. Foi com esse objetivo que elaboramos o presente trabalho, expondo questões críticas e relatando as diferentes soluções adotadas no mundo, inclusive sobre avaliações de impactos ambientais das diferentes alternativas para minimizar e/ou solucionar os problemas relacionados ao uso de sacolas plásticas.Regardless of the material adopted as the best strategy for use in plastic bags, each material has an ideal final disposal, which may be composting, mechanical recycling, energy recycling, sanitary landfills, and others. Therefore, the infrastructure of collection, identification and disposal of post-consumer waste of this material should be tied to the choice made to ensure its socio-economic sustainability. Moreover, solutions that are still controversial in terms of their real environmental impact should be neither condemned nor encouraged - rather, they should be evaluated. In this context, it is up to the scientific community to provide solid and reliable foundations to ensure that such evaluations are based on a global vision of the problem. This was the objective that guided the present work, with an analysis of critical issues and description of the diverse solutions adopted around the world, including environmental impact assessments of the different alternatives to minimize and/or solve the problems pertaining to the use of plastic bags.