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In this study, Nocardia lactamdurans NRRL 3802 was optimized for the first time for production of cephamycin C by using submerged fermentation. The effects of various carbon source, nitrogen source, inoculum size, initial pH of culture medium, minerals and amino acids were investigated for the maximum production of cephamycin C by N. lactamdurans NRRL 3802 in submerged fermentation. Subsequently, selected fermentation parameters were further optimized by Taguchi orthogonal array method and response surface methodology (RSM). Glycerol and yeast extract as carbon and nitrogen sources with initial pH of culture medium of 5.5 and inoculum size of 109 CFU/ml at 28 ± 2 °C after 3 days gave maximum production of 3042.19 ± 62.36 mg/l of cephamycin C as compared to 243.03 ± 9.43 mg/l before optimization. Incorporation of 1,3- diaminopropane at 1.2 % v/v in RSM optimized medium further increased the yield to 3973.20 ± 57.96 mg/l. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of a second carbon source and amino acids on the production of cylcosporin A (CyA) in a medium optimized by one factor at a time and orthogonal array method was studied. The one factor at-a-time method was adopted to investigate the effects of medium components (i.e. carbon, and nitrogen) and environmental factors (i.e. initial pH) on biomass growth and CyA production. Subsequently, L16 orthogonal matrix was used to evaluate the significance of glucose, ammonium sulphate, K2HPO4 and inoculum size. The effects of media components were ranked according to their effects on the production of CyA as glucose > ammonium sulphate > K2HPO4 > inoculum size. The production increased from 58.35 mg/l to 148 mg/l when maltose (1 %) was added as a second carbon source after 8 days of fermentation. Evaluation of various amino showed that the addition of L-valine (6 g/l) and L-leucine (4 g/l) after 24 h fermentation enhanced the CyA production dramatically to 794 mg/l. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the enhanced fermentative production of glutathione by Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCIM 3454 using a statistical approach and its successive purification by alternative technique. In the first step, one factor at-a-time method was used to examine the effect of carbon sources, nitrogen sources and pH on glutathione (GSH) production. Subsequently, statistical mathematical model was used to identify the optimum concentrations of the key nutrients for higher GSH production. Glutathione production increased significantly from 55.28 to 148.45 mg/L when Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCIM 3454 was cultivated using optimized medium, as compared to basal medium. Further, glutathione production was considerably increased to 163.12 mg/L by using cysteine amino acid as one of the metabolic precursor. In this study aqueous two phase system (ATPS) was found to be most useful technique to abolish contaminating proteins in glutathione purification. Further enhanced purification was carried out by adsorption chromatography (ion exchange) using a variety of Amberlite resins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]