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Background: Functional paragangliomas are one of the rare and curable causes of secondary hypertension. Its usual location is in the region of the head and neck but is rarely seen in the retrocaval region. Case Presentation: We present a rare case of an 18-year-old young boy who presented with functional retrocaval paraganglioma. The Imaging workup revealed a 6cm mass abutting the inferior vena cava (IVC). The mass was successfully excised. Histopathology showed it was a paraganglioma. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal retrocaval paragangliomas are rarely seen tumors with very few cases reported so far. The location of paragangliomas in this region is usually uncommon and its surgical resection is itself a challenge for the surgeon. Complete surgical resection with prior adequate hypertension control is the only curative treatment of paragangliomas. Lifelong follow-up is necessary to detect early recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: DJ stents are routinely used in urological procedures. Rarely these may dislodge or migrate. Case Series: Here we report proximal migration of DJ stent in three children with pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction treated with dismembered pyeloplasty. Ureteroscopy and retrieval of migrated DJ stents were performed in each of these patients. Conclusion: Proximal migration of DJ stent, though rare, can cause significant morbidity and complicates it's removal. Proper size and positioning of stent is required for pediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]