5 results on '"Baker, Stephen"'
Search Results
2. Factors associated with a low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding during hospital stay in urban and semi-rural areas of southern Vietnam
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Le, Quynh-Nhi Thi, Phung, Khanh-Lam, Nguyen, Van-Thuy Thi, Anders, Katherine L., Nguyen, Minh-Nguyet, Hoang, Diem-Tuyet Thi, Bui, Thuy-Tien Thi, Nguyen, Vinh-Chau Van, Thwaites, Guy E., Simmons, Cameron, and Baker, Stephen
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Current challenges and possible solutions to improve access to care and treatment for hepatitis C infection in Vietnam: a systematic review.
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Berto, Alessandra, Day, Jeremy, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Thwaites, Guy E., Ngoc Nghiem My, Baker, Stephen, Darton, Thomas C., Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen, and My, Ngoc Nghiem
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HEPATITIS C ,FLAVIVIRAL diseases ,MEDICAL microbiology ,COMMUNICABLE diseases ,LIVER diseases ,HEPATITIS C treatment ,HEALTH services accessibility ,HEPATITIS viruses ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,DISEASE incidence ,DISEASE prevalence - Abstract
Background: Hepatitis C infection is a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries where an estimated 71.1 million individuals are living with chronic infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently released new guidance for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment programs, which include improving the access to new direct-acting antiviral agents. In Vietnam, a highly populated middle-income country, the seroprevalence of HCV infection is approximately 4% and multiple genotypes co-circulate in the general population. Here we review what is currently known regarding the epidemiology of HCV in Vietnam and outline options for reducing the significant burden of morbidity and mortality in our setting.Methods: We performed a systematic review of the currently available literature to evaluate what has been achieved to date with efforts to control HCV infection in Vietnam.Results: This search retrieved few publications specific to Vietnam indicating a significant gap in baseline epidemiological and public health data. Key knowledge gaps identified included an understanding of the prevalence in specific high-risk groups, characterization of circulating HCV genotypes in the population and likely response to treatment, and the extent to which HCV treatment is available, accessed and utilized.Conclusions: We conclude that there is an urgent need to perform up to date assessments of HCV disease burden in Vietnam, especially in high-risk groups, in whom incidence is high and cross infection with multiple genotypes is likely to be frequent. Coordinating renewed surveillance measures with forthcoming HCV treatment studies should initiate the traction required to achieve the WHO goal of eliminating HCV as a public health threat by 2030, at least in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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4. A cohort study to define the age-specific incidence and risk factors of Shigella diarrhoeal infections in Vietnamese children: a study protocol.
- Author
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Thompson, Corinne N., Anders, Katherine L., Le Thi Quynh Nhi, Ha Thanh Tuyen, Pham Van Minh, Le Thi Phuong Tu, Tran Do Hoang Nhu, Nguyen Thi Thanh Nhan, Tran Thi Thao Ly, Vu Thuy Duong, Lu Lan Vi, Nguyen Thi Van Thuy, Nguyen Trong Hieu, Nguyen Vinh Van Chau, Campbell, James I., Thwaites, Guy, Simmons, Cameron, and Baker, Stephen
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DIARRHEA ,DIARRHEA in children ,RESEARCH protocols ,ETIOLOGY of diseases ,VIETNAMESE people ,MEDICAL informatics ,DISEASES - Abstract
Background Shigella spp. are one of the most common causes of paediatric dysentery globally, responsible for a substantial proportion of diarrhoeal disease morbidity and mortality, particularly in industrialising regions. Alarming levels of antimicrobial resistance are now reported in S. flexneri and S. sonnei, hampering treatment options. Little is known, however, about the burden of infection and disease due to Shigella spp. in the community. Methods/Design In order to estimate the incidence of this bacterial infection in the community in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam we have designed a longitudinal cohort to follow up approximately 700 children aged 12-60 months for two years with active and passive surveillance for diarrhoeal disease. Children will be seen at 6 month intervals for health checks where blood and stool samples will be collected. Families will also be contacted every two weeks for information on presence of diarrhoea in the child. Upon report of a diarrhoeal disease episode, study nurses will either travel to the family home to perform an evaluation or the family will attend a study hospital at a reduced cost, where a stool sample will also be collected. Case report forms collected at this time will detail information regarding disease history, risk factors and presence of disease in the household. Outcomes will include (i) age-specific incidence of Shigella spp. and other agents of diarrhoeal disease in the community, (ii) risk factors for identified aetiologies, (iii) rates of seroconversion to a host of gastrointestinal pathogens in the first few years of life. Further work regarding the longitudinal immune response to a variety of Shigella antigens, host genetics and candidate vaccine/diagnostic proteins will also be conducted. Discussion This is the largest longitudinal cohort with active surveillance designed specifically to investigate Shigella infection and disease. The study is strengthened by the active surveillance component, which will likely capture a substantial proportion of episodes not normally identified through passive or hospital-based surveillance. It is hoped that information from this study will aid in the design and implementation of Shigella vaccine trials in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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5. Novel multiplex real-time PCR assays reveal a high prevalence of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes in healthy and diarrhoeal children in the south of Vietnam
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Ha Thanh Tuyen, Tran Thi Hong Chau, Lu Lan Vi, Stephen Baker, Ellen Higginson, Le Thi Phuong Tu, Le Thi Quynh Nhi, Nguyen Minh Ngoc, James Campbell, Hoang Le Phuc, Claire Jenkins, Iruka N. Okeke, Vu Thuy Duong, Pham Van Minh, Baker, Stephen [0000-0003-1308-5755], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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Male ,Clinical microbiology and vaccines ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,medicine.disease_cause ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli ,0302 clinical medicine ,Prevalence ,Healthy children ,Multiplex ,Virulence Factors, Bordetella ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Escherichia coli Infections ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,Amplicon ,3. Good health ,Co-infection ,EAEC ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,Vietnam ,Child, Preschool ,population characteristics ,Female ,EIEC ,Research Article ,Diarrhea ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adolescent ,Multiplex real-time PCR ,Population ,Virulence ,Biology ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,health services administration ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Escherichia coli ,EPEC ,030306 microbiology ,ETEC ,Diarrhoea children ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Virology ,Carriage ,Parasitology ,EHEC ,Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction - Abstract
Background Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) infections are common in children in low-middle income countries (LMICs). However, detecting the various DEC pathotypes is complex as they cannot be differentiated by classical microbiology. We developed four multiplex real-time PCR assays were to detect virulence markers of six DEC pathotypes; specificity was tested using DEC controls and other enteric pathogens. PCR amplicons from the six E. coli pathotypes were purified and amplified to be used to optimize PCR reactions and to calculate reproducibility. After validation, these assays were applied to clinical samples from healthy and diarrhoeal Vietnamese children and associated with clinical data. Results The multiplex real-time PCRs were found to be reproducible, and specific. At least one DEC variant was detected in 34.7% (978/2815) of the faecal samples from diarrhoeal children; EAEC, EIEC and atypical EPEC were most frequent Notably, 41.2% (205/498) of samples from non-diarrhoeal children was positive with a DEC pathotype. In this population, only EIEC, which was detected in 34.3% (99/289) of diarrhoeal samples vs. 0.8% (4/498) non-diarrhoeal samples (p Conclusions This approach revealed high carriage rates of DEC pathotypes among Vietnamese children. We describe a novel diagnostic approach for DEC, which provides baseline data for future surveillance studies assessing DEC burden in LMICs.
- Published
- 2020
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