110 results on '"Hong ZHAO"'
Search Results
2. Stem cell exosome-loaded Gelfoam improves locomotor dysfunction and neuropathic pain in a rat model of spinal cord injury
- Author
-
Poongodi, Raju, Yang, Tao-Hsiang, Huang, Ya-Hsien, Yang, Kuender D., Chen, Hong-Zhao, Chu, Tsuei-Yu, Wang, Tao-Yeuan, Lin, Hsin-Chieh, and Cheng, Jen-Kun
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis provides insight for molecular mechanism of neuroticism
- Author
-
Tian, Lei, You, Hong-Zhao, Wu, Hao, Wei, Yu, Zheng, Min, He, Lei, Liu, Jin-Ying, Guo, Shu-Zhen, Zhao, Yan, Zhou, Ren-Lai, and Hu, Xingang
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Laparoscopic metabolic surgery for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Asia: a scoping review and evidence-based analysis
- Author
-
Dong, Zhiyong, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Yu, Ashley M., Qu, Rui, Guan, Bingsheng, Zhang, Junchang, Hong, Zhao, and Wang, Cunchuang
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. HRCT features between lepidic-predominant type and other pathological subtypes in early-stage invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma appearing as a ground-glass nodule
- Author
-
Pengju Zhang, Shao-hong Zhao, Tianran Li, Xuemin Tao, and Xin Jin
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Cancer Research ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Pulmonary adenocarcinoma ,Adenocarcinoma of Lung ,Young Adult ,Surgical oncology ,Genetics ,Medicine ,Humans ,Stage (cooking) ,Pathological ,Lung ,RC254-282 ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies ,Univariate analysis ,Analysis of Variance ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Tomography, X-ray computed ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Nodule (medicine) ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Oncology ,ROC Curve ,Ground glass nodule ,Adenocarcinoma ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Tomography, Spiral Computed ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Different pathological subtypes of invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma (IPA) have different surgical methods and heterogeneous prognosis. It is essential to clarify IPA subtypes before operation and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) plays a very important role in this regard. We aimed to investigate the HRCT features of lepidic-predominant type and other pathological subtypes of early-stage (T1N0M0) IPA appearing as a ground-glass nodule (GGN). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis on clinical data and HRCT features of 630 lesions in 589 patients with pathologically confirmed IPA (invasive foci > 5 mm) appearing as pure GGN (pGGN) and mixed GGN (mGGN) with consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR) ≤0.5 from January to December 2019. All GGNs were classified as lepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma (LPA) and nonlepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma (n-LPA) groups. Univariate analysis was performed to analyze the differences of clinical data and HRCT features between the LPA and n-LPA groups. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the variables to distinguish the LPA from n-LPA group independently. The diagnostic performance of different parameters was compared using receiver operating characteristic curves. Results In total, 367 GGNs in the LPA group and 263 GGNs in the n-LPA group were identified. In the univariate analysis, the CTR, mean CT values, and mean diameters as well as mixed GGN, deep lobulation, spiculation, vascular change, bronchial change, and tumor–lung interface were smaller in the LPA group than in the n-LPA group (P P Conclusions Deep lobulation, spiculation, vascular change, and bronchial change, CT value > − 472.5 HU and CTR > 27.4% may indicate nonlepidic predominant invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma in GGNs.
- Published
- 2021
6. The role of lymph node dissection in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study
- Author
-
Gang Xu, Hong Zhao, Zhiwen Luo, Hanjie Hu, Jianqiang Cai, and Shunda Du
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,RD1-811 ,IPTW ,Lymph node dissection ,Cholangiocarcinoma ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Adjuvant therapy ,Humans ,Lymph node ,Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ,Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ,Retrospective Studies ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Research ,Cancer ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Dissection ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ,Bile Duct Neoplasms ,Lymph Node Excision ,Lymph ,business - Abstract
Background Lymph node dissection (LND) is of great significance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Although the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend routine LND in ICC, the effects of LND remains controversial. This study aimed to explore the role of LND and some related issues and of in ICC. Methods Patients were identified in two Chinese academic centers. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to reduce bias. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results Of 232 patients, 177 (76.3%) underwent LND, and 71 (40.1%) had metastatic lymph nodes. A minimum of 6 lymph nodes were dissected in 66 patients (37.3%). LND did not improve the prognosis of ICC. LNM > 3 may have worse OS and DFS than LNM 1–3, especially in the LND > = 6 group. For patients who did not underwent LND, the adjuvant treatment group had better OS and DFS. Conclusions The proportions of patients who underwent LND and removed > = 6 lymph nodes were not high enough. LND has no definite predictive effect on prognosis. Patients with 4 or more LNMs may have a worse prognosis than patients with 1–3 LNMs. Adjuvant therapy may benefit patients of nLND.
- Published
- 2021
7. The relationship between SARS-COV-2 RNA positive duration and the risk of recurrent positive
- Author
-
Guo-Jun Li, Guiqiang Wang, Jiawen Li, Peng Peng, Wei-Jun Du, Hong Zhao, Ying-Xia Liu, Wen-Xiang Huang, Yi-Lan Zeng, Xianxiang Chen, Qi Zhu, Chi Zhang, and Jing Yao
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Logistic regression ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Interquartile range ,Recurrence ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Recurrent positive ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Prevention ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Case-control study ,COVID-19 ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Virus Shedding ,Low monocyte count ,Hospitalization ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Increased risk ,Relative risk ,Case-Control Studies ,Pharynx ,RNA, Viral ,Female ,SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive duration ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background The management of discharge COVID-19 patients with recurrent positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA is challenging. However, there are fewer scientific dissertations about the risk of recurrent positive. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between SARS-COV-2 RNA positive duration (SPD) and the risk of recurrent positive. Methods This case–control multi-center study enrolled participants from 8 Chinese hospital including 411 participants (recurrent positive 241). Using unadjusted and multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analyses, generalized additive model with a smooth curve fitting, we evaluated the associations between SPD and risk of recurrent positive. Besides, subgroup analyses were performed to explore the potential interactions. Results Among recurrent positive patients, there were 121 females (50.2%), median age was 50 years old [interquartile range (IQR): 38–63]. In non-adjusted model and adjusted model, SPD was associated with an increased risk of recurrent positive (fully-adjusted model: OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.08, P = 0.001); the curve fitting was not significant (P = 0.286). Comparing with SPD 28 days was risen substantially (OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.44–6.63, P = 0.004). Interaction and stratified analyses showed greater effect estimates of SPD and risk of recurrent positive in the hypertension, low monocyte count and percentage patients (P for interaction = 0.008, 0.002, 0.036, respectively). Conclusion SPD was associated with a higher risk of recurrent positive and especially SPD > 28 day had a two-fold increase in the relative risk of re-positive as compared with SPD
- Published
- 2021
8. Correction to: Matrix metalloproteinase 9 induces endothelial-mesenchymal transition via Notch activation in human kidney glomerular endothelial cells
- Author
-
Hong Zhao, Tian Kui Tan, David Harris, Stephen I. Alexander, Guoping Zheng, Yun Zhang, Ya Wang, Padmashree Rao, Yuan Min Wang, Qi Cao, Jianlin Zhang, Yiping Wang, Ye Zhao, Vincent W. Lee, Lihua Wang, and Xi Qiao
- Subjects
Transition (genetics) ,Receptors, Notch ,Chemistry ,lcsh:Cytology ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,Kidney Glomerulus ,Correction ,Endothelial Cells ,Matrix metalloproteinase 9 ,Human kidney ,Cell Biology ,Dipeptides ,Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ,Recombinant Proteins ,Mesoderm ,Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ,Cancer research ,Humans ,lcsh:QH573-671 ,Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ,Molecular Biology ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a major source of myofibroblast formation in kidney fibrosis. Our previous study showed a profibrotic role for matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in kidney fibrosis via induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Inhibition of MMP-9 activity reduced kidney fibrosis in murine unilateral ureteral obstruction. This study investigated whether MMP-9 also plays a role in EndoMT in human glomerular endothelial cells.TGF-β1 (10 or 20 ng/ml) induced EndoMT in HKGECs as shown by morphological changes. In addition, VE-cadherin and CD31 were significantly downregulated, whereas α-SMA, vimentin, and N-cadherin were upregulated. RT-PCR revealed that Snail, a known inducer of EMT, was upregulated. The MMP inhibitor GM6001 abrogated TGF-β1-induced EndoMT. Zymography indicated that MMP-9 was also upregulated in TGF-β1-treated HKGECs. Recombinant MMP-9 (2 μg/ml) induced EndoMT in HKGECs via Notch signaling, as evidenced by increased formation of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and decreased Notch 1. Inhibition of MMP-9 activity by its inhibitor showed a dose-dependent response in preventing TGF-β1-induced α-SMA and NICD in HKGECs, whereas inhibition of Notch signaling by γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) blocked rMMP-9-induced EndoMT.Taken together, our results demonstrate that MMP-9 plays an important role in TGF-β1-induced EndoMT via upregulation of Notch signaling in HKGECs.
- Published
- 2020
9. Soluble IL-2Rα correlates with imbalances of Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 cells in patients with acute brucellosis
- Author
-
Xingwang Li, Linghang Wang, Hong Zhao, Hua-Li Sun, Xiu-Fang Du, Xiao Lv, Yunxia Tang, Chengjie Ma, Rongmeng Jiang, and Siyuan Yang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,medicine.drug_class ,T cell ,Antibiotics ,Acute brucellosis ,Short Report ,Gastroenterology ,Brucellosis ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Flow cytometry ,Th1 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Th2 ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,In patient ,Th1-Th2 Balance ,Aged ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,sIL-2Rα ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ,FOXP3 ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Acute Disease ,Female ,business ,Tc1 ,Tc2 ,030215 immunology ,T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic - Abstract
Background Previous studies showed that soluble IL-2Rα is an important marker of cellular immune activation and might be a marker of treatment efficacy for children with brucellosis. However, data regarding adult patients with brucellosis were unknown. The aim of study was to explore the potential role of serum sIL-2Rα evaluating treatment responses in adult patients with brucellosis, and T cell immune status was also examined. Methods During January 2016–April 2017, 30 patients with acute brucellosis from the Third People’s Hospital of Linfen in Shanxi Province and Beijing Di Tan Hospital, and 28 healthy controls were included in this study. Peripheral blood samples were collected before and after six weeks of antibiotic treatment. Serum sIL-2Rα levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the percentage of Th1, Th2, Tc1, Tc2, and Tregs was detected by flow cytometry after intracellular staining for cytokines (interferon-γ and interleukin-4) and Foxp3 in T lymphocytes from peripheral blood. The obtained data were analyzed with Wilcoxon ranked sum tests for paired values, Mann-Whitney U-tests for comparisons between patients and healthy controls, and Spearman rank tests for correlation analyses. Results Serum sIL-2Rα levels were significantly higher in patients than in controls (P = 0.001). A significant decline was observed in patients after the cessation of treatment (P P > 0.05). Th1, Tc1, Th2, and Tc2 cell frequencies were higher in patients than in healthy subjects (P P = 0.0305 and 0.0005, respectively) and returned to normal levels after treatment. In patients with acute brucellosis, serum sIL-2Rα levels were negatively correlated with the Th1/Th2 ratio (r = − 0.478, P = 0.028), Tc1/Tc2 ratio (r = − 0.677, P = 0.001), and Tc1 percentage (r = − 0.516, P = 0.017). Serum sIL-2Rα and Tc2 percentages were positively correlated (r = 0.442, P = 0.045). Conclusions Based on the correlations with Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 ratios, serum sIL-2Rα levels may reflect the immune response status. sIL-2Rα may be a marker for therapeutic efficacy in acute brucellosis.
- Published
- 2020
10. Efficacy and safety of Anluohuaxian in the treatment of patients with severe Coronavirus disease 2019- a multicenter, open label, randomized controlled study: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
- Author
-
Chengli Que, Zhao Wu, Chi Zhang, Hong Zhao, Jiawen Li, Guiqiang Wang, and He Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Randomization ,Letter ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Traditional Chinese medicine ,law.invention ,Pulmonary fibrosis ,Treatment and control groups ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,medicine ,Protocol ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Prospective cohort study ,Protocol (science) ,Randomised controlled trial ,lcsh:R5-920 ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Pill ,Emergency medicine ,Anluohuaxian ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objectives Patients with severe COVID-19 often suffer from significant pulmonary fibrosis. Although the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis has not been fully explained, the signal pathways and cytokines involved are very similar to hepatic fibrosis. This has been successfully treated with the Anluohuaxian Pill, a proprietary Chinese medicine composed of a variety of Chinese herbal medicines. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Anluohuaxian in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with severe COVID-19. Trial design This is a prospective, multicenter, open, randomized controlled trial. The distribution ratio was 2:1, 500 cases in the experimental group and 250 cases in the control group. Participants Minimum Age: 18 Years Maximum Age: 80 Years Sex: All Gender Based: No Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No Inclusion Criteria: Confirmed COVID-19, and the nucleic acid test of respiratory specimens such as sputum or nasopharyngeal swabs is negative twice after the treatment (sampling interval is at least 24 hours);Negative nucleic acid test of respiratory specimens such as sputum or nasopharyngeal swabs during screening visits;High-resolution CT of the lung (HRCT) indicates pulmonary fibrosis (thickness of lobular septum, honeycomb-like changes, with or without bronchial / pleural distraction);Voluntarily participate in research and sign informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: Combined with severe heart, lung (diagnosed with interstitial lung disease, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.), liver and kidney disease or with endocrine, rheumatic, neurologic, malignant and other systemic diseases;Have been diagnosed with connective tissue disease;Pregnant or lactating women;History of mental disorders, substance abuse or dependence;Have used other anti-pulmonary fibrosis drugs in the past 14 days, such as nintedanib, pirfenidone, penicillamine, colchicine, tumor necrosis factor alpha blocker, imatinib, glucocorticoid hormones, morphomycodyl esters, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, interferon-γ, and traditional Chinese medicine;Researchers consider it inappropriate to participate in research;Participating in other clinical research. This mutli-centre RCT will be undertaken in 9 trial centres: The Second People's Hospital of Fuyang, Ezhou Central Hospital, Huoshenshan Hospital of Wuhan, Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, West Hospital Union Hospital Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated First Hospital. Intervention and comparator The research drug is Anluohuaxian Pill, which is provided by Senlong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. The basic therapeutic drugs for COVID-19 involved in the study include antiviral drugs. Brands can be selected according to the treatment routines of each research center to facilitate the improvement of treatment compliance. Main outcomes Primary Outcome Measure: Changes in high-resolution computer tomography of the lung Changes in ground-glass shadows, interstitial or air nodules found on high-resolution computer tomography [Time Frame: 3 months] Change in 6-minute walking distance [Time Frame: 3 months] Randomisation In this study, the central randomization system (IWRS, an interactive network response system based on network) is used to randomise the groups. The subjects who met the entry criteria were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the proportion of 2:1. In this study, the block randomized grouping method is used, and the block length is 6. The random grouping program is set up by statistical and computer professionals in the randomization process. Blinding (masking) This is an open label trial. Trial participants, investigators, care givers, outcome assessors, and date analysts are not blinded to group assignment. Numbers to be randomised (sample size) 750 patients are expected to be enrolled and the cases are allocated according to the ratio of 2 (Anluohuaxian combined with regular treatment group):1 (regular treatment group). Trial Status Protocol version number 3.0, 10th April 2020. The recruitment has not yet started. Actual Study Start Date: April 1, 2020 Estimated Primary Completion Date: June 1, 2020 Estimated Study Completion Date: December 1, 2020 Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04334265. Registered on 3 April 2020 Full protocol The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.
- Published
- 2020
11. The Mechanism and Clinical Outcome of patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Whose Nucleic Acid Test has changed from negative to positive, and the therapeutic efficacy of Favipiravir: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
- Author
-
Chi Zhang, Guiqiang Wang, Jiawen Li, Zhao Wu, and Hong Zhao
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Randomization ,Letter ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Favipiravir ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,protocol ,Lost to follow-up ,Adverse effect ,Randomised controlled trial ,lcsh:R5-920 ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Nucleic acid test ,COVID-19 ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,Rabies ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objectives A variety of possible mechanisms can make the nucleic acid test of patients who meet the discharge conditions positive again, including reinfection, reactivation of the original virus, lack of strict discharge criteria, new infection, and so on. Different reasons will correspond to different prevention and control measures. We will enroll patients who are discharged after treatment, whose nucleic acid test has changed from negative to positive during the screening visit, regardless of the severity of the symptoms, to investigate the mechanism, clinical outcome and therapeutic efficacy with Favipiravir patients with Corona virus Disease 2019. Favipiravir is an anti-viral agent that selectively and potently inhibits the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, it has been used for treatment of some life-threatening infections such as Ebola virus, Lassa virus and rabies. Its therapeutic efficacy has been proven in these diseases. Trial design This is a multi-center, two arm, open label, parallel group, randomized controlled trial. Participants Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria: Adults 18 to 80 years, male or female.After the first diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19, the nucleic acid test of respiratory specimens such as sputum or nasopharyngeal swabs, has been negative for two consecutive times (sampling time interval of at least 24 hours), in accordance with the COVID-19’s diagnosis and treatment Plan (7th Edition), discharged.During screening visit (follow-up after discharge), The nucleic acid test of COVID-19 is positive in any one of the following samples: sputum, throat swabs, blood, feces or other specimens. Regardless of whether or not they had symptoms and the severity of symptoms.Volunteer to participate in the research and sign the Informed Consent Form. Exclusion Criteria: Allergic to Favipiravjr;Pregnant or lactating womenUncontrolled diseases of the blood and cardiovascular system, liver or kidney.History of mental disorders, drug abuse or dependence;Researchers consider it inappropriate for adults to participate;Participating in other clinical studies. Loss to Follow up: Cases that do not complete the clinical trial program will be regarded as lost to follow up. Including the withdrawal of patients by themselves (such as poor compliance, etc.), or the withdrawal of patients ordered by the researcher (those who need other drugs which affect the judgment of the curative effect, and those who need to stop taking drugs for severe adverse events) Study setting: The participating hospitals are some of the designated hospitals that have been or may be admitting patients who meet the eligibility criteria, mainly in Hubei, Shenzhen, Anhui and Beijing. Participants will be recruited from these 15 hospitals: Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Hubei; Jinyintan Hospital of Wuhan, Hubei; Ezhou Central Hospital, Hubei; The Second People's Hospital of Fuyang, Anhui; The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui; Beijing Youan Hospital, Beijing; Capital Medical University Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing; Ezhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei; Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei; The Fifth Hospital of ShiJiazhuang, Hebei; Jinan Infectious Diseases Hospital, Shandong; Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Sichuan; Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital, Jiangsu; The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong; The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengfu Medical College, AnHui. Intervention and comparator Favipiravir group (experimental): Favipiravir 1600mg each dose, twice a day on the 1st day; 600mg each dose, twice a day from the 2nd to the 7th day, Oral administration, the maximum number of days taken will be no more than 14 days plus routine treatment for COVID-19. Regular treatment group (control): Treatments other than Antiviral drugs can be given. Routine treatment for patients with the corona virus will be administered, this includes oxygen therapy, drugs that reduced phlegm and relieve cough, including thymosin, proprietary Chinese medicine, etc. Main outcomes Primary Outcome Measures: Viral nucleic acid test negative [Time Frame: 5 months]: Subjects who tested negative for nucleic acid from sputum or nasopharyngeal swabs for two consecutive times (sampling time interval of at least 24 hours). Secondary Outcome Measures: Clinical cure [Time Frame: 5 months]: Body temperature returned to normal for more than 3 days;Lung image improved.Clinical manifestation improved;The viral nucleic acid test of respiratory specimens was negative for two consecutive times (sampling time interval of at least 24 hours). Randomization The central randomization system (Interactive Web Response Management System), will be used to randomly divide the subjects into the experimental group and the control group according to the ratio of 2:1. In this study, block randomization will be used, in blocks of 6. Blinding (masking) This is an open label trial. Trial participants, investigators, care givers, outcome assessors, and date analysts are not blinded to group assignment. Numbers to be randomised 210 patients are expected to be enrolled and allocated according to the ratio of 2 (Favipiravir group, n=140): 1(regular treatment group, n=70). Trial Status Protocol version number 3.0, 10th April 2020 First Patient, first visit 17th March 2020; recruitment end date anticipated June 1, 2020. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04333589, April 3, 2020. Registered April 3, 2020. Full protocol The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.
- Published
- 2020
12. Agreement of claims-based methods for identifying sepsis with clinical criteria in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort
- Author
-
Hong Zhao, Lisandro D. Colantonio, John W. Baddley, Yuling Dai, John P. Donnelly, Paul Muntner, Henry E. Wang, and Monika M. Safford
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epidemiology ,Health Informatics ,Population health ,Definitions ,Medicare ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,White People ,Sepsis ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,health services administration ,Validation ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,health care economics and organizations ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Geography ,business.industry ,Septic shock ,Mortality rate ,Organ dysfunction ,Health services research ,Reproducibility of Results ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,medicine.disease ,United States ,3. Good health ,Black or African American ,Stroke ,Emergency medicine ,Cohort ,Female ,Health Services Research ,medicine.symptom ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,business ,Medicaid ,Algorithms ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Claims-based algorithms are commonly used to identify sepsis in health services research because the laboratory features required to define clinical criteria may not be available in administrative data. Methods We evaluated claims-based sepsis algorithms among adults in the US aged ≥65 years with Medicare health insurance enrolled in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Suspected infections from baseline (2003–2007) through December 31, 2012 were analyzed. Two claims-based algorithms were evaluated: (1) infection plus organ dysfunction diagnoses or sepsis diagnoses (Medicare-Implicit/Explicit) and (2) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock Measure diagnoses (Medicare-CMS). Three classifications based on clinical criteria were used as standards for comparison: (1) the sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (REGARDS-SOFA), (2) “quick” SOFA (REGARDS-qSOFA), and (3) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention electronic health record criteria (REGARDS-EHR). Results There were 2217 suspected infections among 9522 participants included in the current study. The total number of suspected infections classified as sepsis was 468 for Medicare-Implicit/Explicit, 249 for Medicare-CMS, 541 for REGARDS-SOFA, 185 for REGARDS-qSOFA, and 331 for REGARDS-EHR. The overall agreement between Medicare-Implicit/Explicit and REGARDS-SOFA, REGARDS-qSOFA, and REGARDS-EHR was 77, 79, and 81%, respectively, sensitivity was 46, 53, and 57%, and specificity was 87, 82, and 85%. Comparing Medicare-CMS and REGARDS-SOFA, REGARDS-qSOFA, and REGARDS-EHR, agreement was 77, 87, and 85%, respectively, sensitivity was 27, 41, and 36%, and specificity was 94, 92, and 93%. Events meeting the REGARDS-SOFA classification had a lower 90-day mortality rate (140.7 per 100 person-years) compared with the Medicare-CMS (296.1 per 100 person-years), REGARDS-qSOFA (238.6 per 100 person-years), Medicare-Implicit/Explicit (219.4 per 100 person-years), and REGARDS-EHR classifications (201.8 per 100 person-years). Conclusion Claims-based sepsis algorithms have high agreement and specificity but low sensitivity when compared with clinical criteria. Both claims-based algorithms identified a patient population with similar 90-day mortality rates as compared with classifications based on qSOFA and EHR criteria but higher mortality relative to SOFA criteria.
- Published
- 2020
13. Acupuncture therapy for chronic low back pain: protocol of a prospective, multi-center, registry study
- Author
-
Baoyan Liu, Xuqiang Wei, Liyun He, Hong Zhao, Jincao Zhou, Xingyue Yang, and Jia Liu
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Registry ,lcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,Adolescent ,Acupuncture Therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Study Protocol ,Disability Evaluation ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rheumatology ,Acupuncturist ,Informed consent ,Numeric Rating Scale ,Acupuncture ,Protocol ,Medicine ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Registries ,Aged ,Pain Measurement ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,people.profession ,Middle Aged ,Oswestry Disability Index ,Clinical trial ,Regimen ,Treatment Outcome ,Real-world ,Propensity score matching ,Physical therapy ,Chronic low back pain ,Female ,lcsh:RC925-935 ,Chronic Pain ,business ,people ,Low Back Pain ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective Acupuncture therapy for chronic low back pain (CLBP) has received increasing attention. Nevertheless, the evidence of efficacy and safety of random controlled trials (RCTs) remains controversial. Acupuncture as a complex intervention influenced by many factors, its effectiveness in treating chronic low back pain in the real world is unknown. We will develop a network-based registry study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of chronic low back pain and explore key factors affecting efficacy in the real world. Methods A prospective, multi-center and dynamic registry study. All acupuncture related information will be collected through a high-quality structured network platform. Patients with CLBP included in the study met the following criteria: age from 16 to 80 years, using acupuncture as a main therapy and voluntarily signing the informed consent. At least 2000 patients, 27 acupuncturist, and 9 medical centers will be recruited under actual clinical settings at the first stage. Numeric rating scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Effective rate will be measured in pain and functional disability assessment, respectively, as the primary outcome. Evaluation index will be collected at the baseline and follow-up in 1, 4, 12 weeks after the last visit. Hierarchical models and regression analysis will be used to explore the key factors affecting acupuncture effectiveness. Effects between propensity matching groups (Traditional Chinese acupuncture style vs Microacupuncture style, Local acupoint selection vs Non-local acupoint selection, Single Acupuncture vs Combined therapy) will be compared. Discussion This study will be conducted based on the characteristics of acupuncture therapy in the “Real World”. Fundamental factors affecting the clinical effectiveness of acupuncture and the preferred acupuncture regimen in the treatment of CLBP will be identified. Reliable acupuncture evidence for the treatment of CLBP through the registry will be a significant supplement to the RCTs. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-OOC-17010751 and Acupuncture-Moxibustion Clinical Trial Registry, AMCTR-OOO-17000045. Registered date on 3 December 2016.
- Published
- 2019
14. First-in-class immune-modulating small molecule Icaritin in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: preliminary results of safety, durable survival and immune biomarkers
- Author
-
Xiaoyan Ding, Bin Ye, Shu Li, Meng Kun, Rui Hao, Ying Li, Weiliang Qiu, Binghe Xu, Shengdian Wang, Limin Zheng, Ying Fan, Kezhen Liu, Jun Jiang, Hong Zhao, and Jian Yue
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Adult ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Small molecule immune modulation ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Neutrophils ,Phase I trial in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma ,Administration, Oral ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,Drug Administration Schedule ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Stable Disease ,Immune system ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,Clinical endpoint ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Medicine ,Humans ,Lymphocytes ,Adverse effect ,Aged ,Flavonoids ,biology ,business.industry ,Liver Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,Phase i study ,Blockade ,030104 developmental biology ,Treatment Outcome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,biology.protein ,Female ,Antibody ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background With poor prognosis and limited treatment options for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), development of novel therapeutic agents is urgently needed. This single-arm phase I study sought to assess the safety and preliminary efficacy of icaritin in human as a potential oral immunotherapy in addition to the immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Methods Eligible advanced HCC patients with Child-Pugh Class A or B were administered with a fixed oral dose of icaritin at either 600 or 800 mg b.i.d. The primary endpoint was safety, and the secondary endpoints included time-to-progression (TTP), overall survival (OS) and the clinical benefit rate (CBR). Icaritin treatment induced immune biomarkers and immune-modulating activities in myeloid cells were also explored. Results No drug-related adverse events ≥ Grade 3 were observed in all 20 enrolled HCC patients. Among the 15 evaluable patients, 7 (46.7%) achieved clinical benefit, representing one partial response (PR, 6.7%) and 6 stable disease (SD, 40%). The median TTP was 141 days (range: 20-343 days), and the median OS was 192 days (range: 33-1036 days). Durable survival was observed in PR/SD patients with a median OS of 488 days (range: 72-773). TTP was significantly associated with the dynamic changes of peripheral neutrophils (p = 0.0067) and lymphocytes (p = 0.0337). Icaritin treatment induced changes in immune biomarkers-and immune-suppressive myeloid cells were observed. Conclusions Icaritin demonstrated safety profiles and preliminary durable survival benefits in advanced HCC patients, which were correlated with its immune-modulation activities and immune biomarkers. These results suggested the potential of icaritin as a novel oral immunotherapy for advanced HCC in addition to antibody-based PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies. Trial registration Clinicaltrial.gov identifier. NCT02496949 (retrospectively registered, July 14, 2015). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5471-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2019
15. Correction to: Serious adverse events and fatal adverse events associated with nivolumab treatment in cancer patients
- Author
-
Bin Zhao, Jiaxin Zhao, and Hong Zhao
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Pharmacology ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Cancer ,Correction ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Molecular Medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Nivolumab ,Adverse effect ,business - Abstract
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported an error in their listed affiliations.
- Published
- 2019
16. Moxibustion using different habitat moxa floss for moderate to severe primary knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a three-armed randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled trial
- Author
-
Wenyan Wang, Li-Ping Kang, Lan-Ping Guo, Huanfang Xu, Hong Zhao, Chunyan Wang, Yin Shi, Yuan Zhang, Shixi Huang, Wei Su, and Mingjuan Han
- Subjects
Male ,Time Factors ,Knee Joint ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Osteoarthritis ,Severity of Illness Index ,law.invention ,Study Protocol ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pain Measurement ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Aged, 80 and over ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Middle Aged ,Osteoarthritis, Knee ,Arthralgia ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,Habitat ,Treatment Outcome ,Beijing ,Female ,Knee osteoarthritis ,medicine.symptom ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,WOMAC ,Visual analogue scale ,Moxibustion ,03 medical and health sciences ,Double-Blind Method ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,business.industry ,Recovery of Function ,medicine.disease ,Moxa floss ,Clinical trial ,Knee pain ,Physical therapy ,Quality of Life ,business - Abstract
Background According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, moxa floss is the best material for moxibustion; the effect of moxibustion is closely related to the habitats of moxa floss, among which Qichun County, Hubei Province, China, is considered as the genuine origin. However, this view has not been validated by clinical studies. Moxibustion has been proven effective in alleviating pain and improving physical function and quality of life for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This trial aims to determine whether the habitat of moxa floss contributes to the effect of moxibustion and to validate the effectiveness of moxibustion for KOA. Methods This is a three-armed, randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled trial. A total of 350 patients with moderate to severe primary KOA will be randomly allocated to groups A, B, or C with a 2:2:1 ratio. Moxa stick moxibustion using moxa floss from different habitats will be applied in two experimental groups: group A, moxa floss from the habitat of Qichun County, Hubei Province, China; and group B, moxa floss from the habitat of Nanyang County, Henan Province. Group C will use non-moxa floss for sham moxibustion as control. Patients will be treated for 20 min per session, for three sessions per week for 2 weeks, and followed up for 4 weeks. The primary outcome will be the change from baseline in the pain score of the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) at week 2. Secondary outcomes will include a change in the WOMAC pain score at week 6; the visual analogue scale for knee pain, the total WOMAC score, the WOMAC stiffness score, the WOMAC function score, the patient global assessment, and the responder criteria at weeks 2 and 6. Adverse events will be assessed throughout the study. Discussion This trial will help to identify the effectiveness of moxibustion for KOA and whether the habitat of moxa floss contributes to the effect of moxibustion. Trial registration Acupuncture-Moxibustion Clinical Trial Registry: AMCTR-IOR-16000007. Registered on 29 February 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-2794-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2018
17. Enriched endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria interactions result in mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in oocytes from obese mice
- Author
-
Li-Hong Zhao, Shi-En Zhu, Yunpeng Hou, Lei Gao, Tengfei Lu, and Xiangwei Fu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oocyte ,PACS-2 ,Apoptosis ,Mitochondrion ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Inositol ,Obesity ,Receptor ,lcsh:SF1-1100 ,Genetics ,Messenger RNA ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Endoplasmic reticulum ,Research ,Mitochondrial Ca2+ ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Cytoplasm ,MAM ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Animal Science and Zoology ,lcsh:Animal culture ,IP3R1 ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background Maternal obesity alters oocytes and subsequent fetal metabolism. An increasing number of studies have shown that the endoplasmic reticulums (ER) or mitochondria have important effects on oocyte quality, but there has been no study of the effect of mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) on oocyte quality. The present study was designed to assess whether the level of MAM and MAM-related proteins were different in oocytes from obese and control mice. Results First, oocytes from mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity had higher levels (either greater numbers or a higher proportion for the same numbers) of MAM than oocytes from control mice. The abundance of MAM-related proteins in oocytes from obese mice was significantly greater at both the messenger RNA and protein levels, including inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 1 (IP3R1), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 2 (IP3R2) and phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 (PACS-2). Further, there was an increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ ([Ca2+]m) which was associated with increased apoptosis and compromised cytoplasmic maturation in oocytes from obese mice. Down-regulation of MAM-related protein IP3R1 in oocytes from obese mice decreased [Ca2+]m and apoptosis and improved cytoplasmic maturation but did not reduce the overall MAM level. However, down-regulating MAM-related protein PACS-2 in oocytes from obese mice did reduce the level of MAM and [Ca2+]m, which decreased the rate of apoptosis and improved cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes from obese mice. Conclusions It is possible that enriched MAM could increase [Ca2+]m, and this increase has been found to be associated with increased apoptosis and compromised cytoplasmic maturation in oocytes from obese mice. This finding suggests a novel therapeutic target for obesity-induced oocyte defects. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40104-017-0195-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2017
18. A phase 1, open-label study of LCAR-B38M, a chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy directed against B cell maturation antigen, in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
- Author
-
Wan-Hong Zhao, Jie Liu, Bai-Yan Wang, Yin-Xia Chen, Xing-Mei Cao, Yun Yang, Yi-Lin Zhang, Fang-Xia Wang, Peng-Yu Zhang, Bo Lei, Liu-Fang Gu, Jian-Li Wang, Nan Yang, Ru Zhang, Hui Zhang, Ying Shen, Ju Bai, Yan Xu, Xu-Geng Wang, and Rui-Li Zhang
- Abstract
Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has demonstrated proven efficacy in some hematologic cancers. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of LCAR-B38M, a dual epitope-binding CAR T cell therapy directed against 2 distinct B cell maturation antigen epitopes, in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: This ongoing phase 1, single-arm, open-label, multicenter study enrolled patients (18 to 80 years) with R/R MM. Lymphodepletion was performed using cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m2. LCAR-B38M CAR T cells (median CAR+ T cells, 0.5 × 106 cells/kg [range, 0.07 to 2.1 × 106]) were infused in 3 separate infusions. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety of LCAR-B38M CAR T cells; the secondary objective is to evaluate the antimyeloma response of the treatment based on the general guidelines of the International Myeloma Working Group. Results: At data cutoff, 57 patients had received LCAR-B38M CAR T cells. All patients experienced ≥ 1 adverse events (AEs). Grade ≥ 3 AEs were reported in 37/57 patients (65%); most common were leukopenia (17/57; 30%), thrombocytopenia (13/57; 23%), and aspartate aminotransferase increased (12/57; 21%). Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 51/57 patients (90%); 4/57 (7%) had grade ≥ 3 cases. One patient reported neurotoxicity of grade 1 aphasia, agitation, and seizure-like activity. The overall response rate was 88% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76 to 95); 39/57 patients (68%) achieved a complete response, 3/57 (5%) achieved a very good partial response, and 8/57 (14%) achieved a partial response. Minimal residual disease was negative for 36/57 (63%) patients. The median time to response was 1 month (range, 0.4 to 3.5). At a median follow-up of 8 months, median progression-free survival was 15 months (95% CI, 11 to not estimable). Median overall survival for all patients was not reached. Conclusions: LCAR-B38M CAR T cell therapy displayed a manageable safety profile and demonstrated deep and durable responses in patients with R/R MM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Doxorubicin combined with low intensity ultrasound suppresses the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma in culture and in xenografts.
- Author
-
Haixia Fan, Haixia Li, Guanyao Liu, Wei Cong, Hong Zhao, Wenwu Cao, and Jinhua Zheng
- Subjects
CANCER treatment ,SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma ,DOXORUBICIN ,ULTRASONIC imaging ,MATRIX metalloproteinases ,PATIENTS - Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) invades surrounding tissues by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2 and -9, which causes over-expression of the Hedgehog signaling proteins Shh and Gli-1 and degradation of the extracellular matrix, thereby creating a "highway" for tumor invasion. We explored the potential of low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) and doxorubicin (DOX) to inhibit the formation of this "highway". Methods: MTT assays were used to examine OSCC cell viability after exposure to LIUS and DOX. The cell morphological changes and ultrastructure were detected by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Endogenous autophagy-associated proteins were analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and western blotting. Cell migration and invasion abilities were evaluated by Transwell assays. Collagen fiber changes were evaluated by Masson's trichrome staining. Invasion-associated proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results: LIUS of 1 W/cm² increased the in vitro DOX uptake into OSCC by nearly 3-fold in three different cell lines and induced transient autophagic vacuoles on the cell surface. The combination of LIUS and 0.2 μg/ml DOX inhibited tumor cell viability and invasion, promoted tumor stromal collagen deposition, and prolonged the survival of mice. This combination also down-regulated MMP-2, MMP-9, Shh and Gli-1 in tumor xenografts. Collagen fiber expression was negatively correlated with the expression of these proteins in human OSCC samples. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that effective low dosages of DOX in combination with LIUS can inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which might be through MMP-2/9 production mediated by the Hedgehog signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Angiopoietin-like protein as a novel marker for liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients with normal to minimally raised ALT.
- Author
-
Yongqiong Deng, Hong Zhao, Jiyuan Zhou, Linlin Yan, Guiqiang Wang, Deng, Yongqiong, Zhao, Hong, Zhou, Jiyuan, Yan, Linlin, Wang, Guiqiang, and China HepB-Related Fibrosis Assessment Research Group
- Subjects
- *
ANGIOPOIETIN-like proteins , *CHRONIC hepatitis B , *LIVER histology , *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay , *FIBROSIS , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: For hepatitis B patients who do not meet the treatment criteria recommended by guidelines, therapy decisions depend on hepatic histology. Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2) is a mediator of chronic inflammation that contributes to extracellular matrix remodeling. The aim of this study was to explore the predictive value of Angptl2 as a novel biomarker of liver histology.Methods: Hepatitis B patients with normal to minimally raised ALT were recruited. Serum Angptl2 concentrations were detected using commercial ELISA kit. The fibrosis score were assessed according to Ishak criteria. Significant fibrosis was defined as ISHAK score ≥ 3.Results: Of 460 patients, 223 cases served as training cohort and 237 ones as validation cohort. Serum Angptl2 concentration was significantly associated with fibrosis scores in both training and validation group. Angptl2 combined index (ACI) for assessing significant fibrosis was developed from training cohort, based on Angptl2 and conventional variables. ACI showed areas under receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.835 for predicting significant fibrosis, which was superior to APRI (AUC = 0.776, P = 0.049), FIB-4 (AUC = 0.750, P = 0.010), Hui model (AUC = 0.756, P = 0.028), and had a better trend than Forn's index (AUC = 0.796, P = 0.083) in training cohort. Finally, validation cohort revealed its robustness and reliability.Conclusion: Higher Angptl2 level represents as a potential biomarker independently associated with fibrosis stages. Compared with APRI, Hui model, FIB-4, Forn's index, ACI did better in diagnosing significant fibrosis in hepatitis B patients.Trial Registration: The complete clinical trials protocol is available by request at clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT01962155 ) and chictr.org ( ChiCTR-DDT-13003724 ). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Outcomes and prognostic factors of non-HIV patients with pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and pulmonary CMV co-infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
- Author
-
Qing Yu, Peng Jia, Li Su, Hong Zhao, Chengli Que, Yu, Qing, Jia, Peng, Su, Li, Zhao, Hong, and Que, Chengli
- Subjects
PNEUMONIA ,CYTOMEGALOVIRUS diseases ,PNEUMOCYSTIS jiroveci ,MIXED infections ,IMMUNOCOMPROMISED patients ,ADRENOCORTICAL hormones ,HORMONE therapy ,HYPOXEMIA ,PROGNOSIS ,THERAPEUTIC use of glucocorticoids ,ANTIVIRAL agents ,BODY fluids ,FUNGI ,HIV infections ,IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents ,PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,RETROSPECTIVE studies - Abstract
Background: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) and pulmonary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are common opportunistic infections among immunocompromised patients. However, few studies have evaluated their co-infection, especially among non-HIV patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the outcomes and prognostic factors among non-HIV patients with PJP according to their CMV infection status.Methods: This retrospective study evaluated non-HIV patients who were diagnosed with PJP between January 2009 and January2016.The patients were classified and compared according to their pulmonary CMV infection status (positive infection: bronchoalveolar lavage fluid [BALF] CMV DNA loads of >500copies/mL).Results: Among 70 non-HIV patients with PJP, we identified 38 patients (54.3%) with pulmonary CMV infection. There was no significant difference in the mortality rates for the two groups (p = 0.15). Pulmonary CMV infection was significantly more common among patients who were receiving glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, compared to corticosteroids only (p = 0.02). Pulmonary CMV infection was also significantly associated with severe dyspnea, a lower PaO2/FiO2, and the presence of centrilobular nodules (p = 0.008). Higher CMV DNA loads in the BALF were positively associated with mortality (p = 0.012).Conclusions: Combined therapy using corticosteroids and other immunosuppressants may be a risk factor for pulmonary CMV co-infection among patients with PJP. In addition, CMV pneumonia should be considered when centrilobular nodules and/or severe hypoxemia are observed in non-HIV patients with PJP. Furthermore, antiviral treatment should be promptly initiated for patients with a high CMV DNA load in BALF, based on their poor prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Laparoscopic resection of gastric duplication cysts in newborns: a report of five cases.
- Author
-
Hong-Xia Ren, Li-Qiong Duan, Xiao-Xia Wu, Bao-Hong Zhao, Yuan-Yuan Jin, Ren, Hong-Xia, Duan, Li-Qiong, Wu, Xiao-Xia, Zhao, Bao-Hong, and Jin, Yuan-Yuan
- Subjects
LAPAROSCOPIC surgery ,CYSTS (Pathology) ,SURGERY ,GASTRIC diseases ,NEWBORN infants ,THERAPEUTICS ,BOWEL obstructions ,LAPAROSCOPY ,VOMITING - Abstract
Background: Gastric duplication cysts are rare congenital alimentary tract anomalies and most cases are recognized during childhood. There were few reports about gastric duplication cysts in newborns and even fewer reports about laparoscopic resection of gastric duplication cysts in newborns.Case Presentation: We report a series of five newborns with gastric duplication cysts which were successfully resected by laparoscopy between January 2010 and April 2015. Case 1, a male newborn was admitted because of severe salivation, choking cough and dyspnea for 30 min after birth. Case 2, a male, was suspected of duodenal ileus by antenatal examination. Case 3, a female was admitted because of vomiting for 5 days. Case 4,a female without significant symptoms simply visited us for the abdominal cyst detected by antenatal examination. Case 5, a male was admitted because of vomiting for 4 days. All patients were performed with a surgery after assistant examinations. Case 1 was died of respiratory failure and the other patients recovered uneventfully.Conclusion: Gastric duplication cysts in newborns are very rare. Laparoscopic surgery play an important role on the diagnosis and treatment. Our experience and practice indicate that laparoscopic resection of gastric duplication cysts in newborns is viable and there is also a need to increase sample size to prove its safety and effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Meta-analysis of the risk of cataract in type 2 diabetes
- Author
-
Guo-hong Zhao, Xiu-hua Wan, and Li Li
- Subjects
Nuclear sclerosis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Aging ,Type 2 diabetes ,Global Health ,Risk Assessment ,Cataract ,Cataracts ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Odds Ratio ,Prevalence ,Humans ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Non-diabetic ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Surgery ,Ophthalmology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Meta-analysis ,Risk assessment ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the risk of cataract. Methods Databases of Pubmed, Embase, and SpringerLink were retrieved for observational studies published before November 2013. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for estimating the association. All statistical analyses were performed by Stata 10.0 software. Results A total of 8 studies involving 20837 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of any cataract (AC) in T2D patients was higher than that in non-diabetic subjects (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.45-2.67, P
- Published
- 2014
24. Claims-based algorithms for identifying Medicare beneficiaries at high estimated risk for coronary heart disease events: a cross-sectional study
- Author
-
Todd M. Brown, Evan L. Thacker, Vera Bittner, Emily B. Levitan, Hong Zhao, Paul Muntner, Elizabeth Delzell, Monika M. Safford, and Jeffrey R. Curtis
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Statin ,Cross-sectional study ,medicine.drug_class ,Medicare claims ,Coronary Artery Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Medicare ,Health informatics ,Risk Assessment ,Coronary artery disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,Insurance Claim Review ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacovigilance ,Confidence Intervals ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,Risk stratification ,Aged ,business.industry ,High risk ,Health Policy ,Public health ,Nursing research ,medicine.disease ,United States ,3. Good health ,Coronary heart disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,business ,Risk assessment ,Algorithm ,Algorithms ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Databases of medical claims can be valuable resources for cardiovascular research, such as comparative effectiveness and pharmacovigilance studies of cardiovascular medications. However, claims data do not include all of the factors used for risk stratification in clinical care. We sought to develop claims-based algorithms to identify individuals at high estimated risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) events, and to identify uncontrolled low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol among statin users at high risk for CHD events. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 6,615 participants ≥66 years old using data from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study baseline visit in 2003–2007 linked to Medicare claims data. Using REGARDS data we defined high risk for CHD events as having a history of CHD, at least 1 risk equivalent, or Framingham CHD risk score >20%. Among statin users at high risk for CHD events we defined uncontrolled LDL cholesterol as LDL cholesterol ≥100 mg/dL. Using Medicare claims-based variables for diagnoses, procedures, and healthcare utilization, we developed algorithms for high CHD event risk and uncontrolled LDL cholesterol. Results REGARDS data indicated that 49% of participants were at high risk for CHD events. A claims-based algorithm identified high risk for CHD events with a positive predictive value of 87% (95% CI: 85%, 88%), sensitivity of 69% (95% CI: 67%, 70%), and specificity of 90% (95% CI: 89%, 91%). Among statin users at high risk for CHD events, 30% had LDL cholesterol ≥100 mg/dL. A claims-based algorithm identified LDL cholesterol ≥100 mg/dL with a positive predictive value of 43% (95% CI: 38%, 49%), sensitivity of 19% (95% CI: 15%, 22%), and specificity of 89% (95% CI: 86%, 90%). Conclusions Although the sensitivity was low, the high positive predictive value of our algorithm for high risk for CHD events supports the use of claims to identify Medicare beneficiaries at high risk for CHD events.
- Published
- 2014
25. Efficacy and safety of using a warming needle for persistent allergic rhinitis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
- Author
-
Yuxiu Sun, Hong Zhao, Yongming Ye, Wenbin Nie, Wenjing Bai, Jia Liu, Sinuo Li, Fang Wang, Mingjuan Han, Liyun He, Sun, Yuxiu, Zhao, Hong, Ye, Yongming, Nie, Wenbin, Bai, Wenjing, Liu, Jia, Li, Sinuo, Wang, Fang, Han, Mingjuan, and He, Liyun
- Subjects
- *
RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *PATIENT compliance , *ACUPUNCTURE , *ALLERGIC rhinitis , *HAY fever treatment , *DIAGNOSIS , *RHINITIS treatment , *RHINITIS , *ANTIHISTAMINES , *COMPARATIVE studies , *EXPERIMENTAL design , *HEAT , *HYPODERMIC needles , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *RESEARCH protocols , *QUALITY of life , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH , *TIME , *EVALUATION research , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *BLIND experiment , *LORATADINE , *PSYCHOLOGY , *EQUIPMENT & supplies , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: Many previous studies have shown the potential therapeutic effect of acupuncture for allergic rhinitis. Most of these studies, however, were limited by the short duration of observations and lack of sham acupuncture as the control group. Our preliminary experiments showed that the use of a warm needling achieved a much more persistent effect in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) compared with simple acupuncture therapy. Hence, we have designed a multicenter, randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which the first-line medication loratadine will be used as the control group, and the effect of warm needling therapy will be evaluated through long-term observation.Methods/design: The trial is designed as a multicenter, parallel-group, randomized, single-blinded (outcome assessors), non-inferiority trial. A total of 98 patients with persistent AR will be randomly assigned into two groups. Patients in the treatment group will be treated with warm needling at GV14 and acupuncture at EX-HN3, ST2, LI20, EX-HN8, GV23, LU7, LU5 and LI4 three times a week, for a total of 4 weeks. Patients in the control group will be treated with oral loratadine 10 mg/day for 4 weeks. The primary outcome will be the change in the Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) from baseline to that at 6 months after treatment during the follow-up period. The secondary outcomes will include the Total Non-nasal Symptom Score and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire, changes in the TNSS from baseline to that at 2 and 4 weeks during treatment, and 3 months after treatment during the follow-up period. Outcomes will be measured at 2 and 4 weeks, and 3 and 6 months after treatment. Any side effects of treatment will be observed and recorded.Discussion: We expect that the study results will provide evidence to determine the effects of warm needling compared with loratadine. Our final goal of the study is to evaluate the difference in the short-term and long-term effects between the two therapeutic methods, especially the long-term effect of warm needling.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02339714 . Registered on 14 January 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 induces endothelial-mesenchymal transition via Notch activation in human kidney glomerular endothelial cells.
- Author
-
Ye Zhao, Xi Qiao, Lihua Wang, Tian Kui Tan, Hong Zhao, Yun Zhang, Jianlin Zhang, Rao, Padmashree, Qi Cao, Yiping Wang, Ya Wang, Yuan Min Wang, Lee, Vincent W. S., Alexander, Stephen I., Harris, David C. H., and Guoping Zheng
- Subjects
MATRIX metalloproteinases ,ENDOTHELIAL cells ,MYOFIBROBLASTS ,FIBROSIS ,NOTCH signaling pathway - Abstract
Background: Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a major source of myofibroblast formation in kidney fibrosis. Our previous study showed a profibrotic role for matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in kidney fibrosis via induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Inhibition of MMP-9 activity reduced kidney fibrosis in murine unilateral ureteral obstruction. This study investigated whether MMP-9 also plays a role in EndoMT in human glomerular endothelial cells. Results: TGF-β1 (10 or 20 ng/ml) induced EndoMT in HKGECs as shown by morphological changes. In addition, VEcadherin and CD31 were significantly downregulated, whereas α-SMA, vimentin, and N-cadherin were upregulated. RT-PCR revealed that Snail, a known inducer of EMT, was upregulated. The MMP inhibitor GM6001 abrogated TGF-β1-induced EndoMT. Zymography indicated that MMP-9 was also upregulated in TGF-β1-treated HKGECs. Recombinant MMP-9 (2 μg/ml) induced EndoMT in HKGECs via Notch signaling, as evidenced by increased formation of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and decreased Notch 1. Inhibition of MMP-9 activity by its inhibitor showed a dose-dependent response in preventing TGF-β1-induced α-SMA and NICD in HKGECs, whereas inhibition of Notch signaling by γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) blocked rMMP-9-induced EndoMT. Conclusions: Taken together, our results demonstrate that MMP-9 plays an important role in TGF-β1-induced EndoMT via upregulation of Notch signaling in HKGECs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Cytogenetic relationships among Citrullus species in comparison with some genera of the tribe Benincaseae (Cucurbitaceae) as inferred from rDNA distribution patterns.
- Author
-
Kun-Peng Li, Yun-Xiang Wu, Hong Zhao, Yan Wang, Xing-Ming Lü, Ji-Ming Wang, Yong Xu, Zong-Yun Li, and Yong-Hua Han
- Subjects
RECOMBINANT DNA ,CYTOGENETICS ,CITRULLUS ,PLANT DNA ,WATERMELONS ,OLIGONUCLEOTIDES ,FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization ,PLANT genetics - Abstract
Background: Comparative mapping of 5S and 45S rDNA by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique is an excellent tool to determine cytogenetic relationships among closely related species. Results: In this study, the number and position of 5S and 45S rDNA loci in all Citrullus species and subspecies were determined. The cultivated watermelon (C. lanatus subsp. vulgaris), C. lanatus subsp. mucosospermus, C. colocynthis and C. naudinianus (or Acanthosicyos naudinianus) had two 45S rDNA loci and one 5S rDNA locus which was located syntenic to one of the 45S rDNA loci. C. ecirrhosus and C. lanatus subsp. lanatus had one 45S rDNA locus and two 5S rDNA loci, each located on a different chromosome. C. rehmii had one 5S and one 45S rDNA locus positioned on different chromosomes. The distribution of 5S and 45S rDNA in several species belonging to other genera in Benincaseae tribe was also investigated. The distribution pattern of rDNAs showed a great difference among these species. Conclusions: The present study confirmed evolutionary closeness among cultivated watermelon (C. lanatus subsp. vulgaris), C. lanatus subsp. mucosospermus and C. colocynthis. Our result also supported that C. lanatus subsp. lanatus was not a wild form of the cultivated watermelon instead was a separate crop species. In addition, present cytogenetic analysis suggested that A. naudinianus was more closely related to Cucumis than to Citrullus or Acanthosicyos, but with a unique position and may be a link bridge between the Citrullus and the Cucumis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. The effect of growing Rod treatment on coronal balance during serial lengthening surgeries in early onset scoliosis.
- Author
-
Wen-jing Li, Zhi-jian Sun, Shi-gong Guo, Gui-xing Qiu, Jian-guo Zhang, Jian-xiong Shen, Yi-peng Wang, Hong Zhao, Shu-gang Li, Yu Zhao, Li, Wen-Jing, Sun, Zhi-Jian, Guo, Shi-Gong, Qiu, Gui-Xing, Zhang, Jian-Guo, Shen, Jian-Xiong, Wang, Yi-Peng, Zhao, Hong, Li, Shu-Gang, and Zhao, Yu
- Subjects
SPINAL surgery ,SPINAL fusion ,SCOLIOSIS treatment ,SAGITTAL curve ,BONE lengthening (Orthopedics) ,INTERNAL fixation in fractures ,RADIOGRAPHY ,SCOLIOSIS ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,EQUIPMENT & supplies - Abstract
Background: Gaining and maintaining spinal balance after surgery is of great importance for early onset scoliosis (EOS). However, tendency of balance on the coronal plane after growing rod surgery has not been studied before. This study evaluated the effect of growing rod treatment on coronal balance (CB) during serial lengthening surgeries in EOS.Methods: All EOS patients treated with growing rod technique in our hospital from August 2002 to June 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Radiographic data before the sixth lengthening surgery were measured on the posteroanterior X-ray images, including global CB (C7 plumbline-central sacral vertical line, C7PL-CSVL), regional CB (apical vertebrae-CSVL), Cobb angle of the main curve and pelvic inlet width (PIW). Global CB index and regional CB index were calculated as dividing global CB and regional CB by PIW, respectively. The changes of these parameters during repeated lengthening surgeries were analyzed.Results: Five hundred seventy Radiographs of 67 patients, including 134 images before and after growing rod insertion surgeries and 436 images pre- and post-lengthening surgeries were measured. Global CB and global CB index did not show significant differences between every two set points during lengthening procedures (P > 0.05). The percentage of patients with C7PL-CSVL distance more than 20 mm roughly ranged from 30 to 45 % during the lengthening process. With regards to regional CB and main curve Cobb angles, there were significant differences between every two adjacent set points during the first five lengthening surgeries (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Global CB did not significantly change during serial lengthening surgeries and C7PL-CSVL distances of greater than 20 mm comprised of over one third of patients during growing rod treatment. However, worsening regional CB and Cobb angles of the main curve during lengthening intervals were corrected by lengthening manipulation and maintained at a stable level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Comparison of first-line chemotherapy based on irinotecan or other drugs to treat non-small cell lung cancer in stage IIIB/IV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
-
Xue-Qin Yang, Chong-Yi Li, Ming-Fang Xu, Hong Zhao, Dong Wang, Yang, Xue-Qin, Li, Chong-Yi, Xu, Ming-Fang, Zhao, Hong, and Wang, Dong
- Subjects
CANCER chemotherapy ,IRINOTECAN ,CANCER treatment ,NON-small-cell lung carcinoma ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,DRUG efficacy ,DRUG side effects - Abstract
Background: To compare the efficacy and toxicity of irinotecan-based chemotherapy (IBC) and non-irinotecan-based chemotherapy (NIBC) as first-line treatment for stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), abstracts from the annual meetings of ASCO and the ESMO up to 2014 were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared IBC with NIBC. Data on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were meta-analyzed to provide hazard ratios (HRs), while data on overall response rate (ORR) and frequencies of toxicity were meta-analyzed to provide relative risk ratios (RR).Results: Seven RCTs (6 RCTs from Asian population and 1 from non-Asian population) involving 1473 patients with previously untreated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC were included in the meta-analysis. IBC and NIBC were associated with similar ORR (RR: 1.08, 95%CI: 0.94 to 1.23, p=0.30), OS (HR: 0.97, 95%CI: 0.88 to 1.07, p=0.56), and PFS (HR: 1.02, 95%CI: 0.97 to 1.08, p=0.38). However, the subgroups between Asian and non-Asian patients differed significantly in OS (HR: 0.94 vs 1.87, p=0.007). There was no significant difference for hematological toxicity (RR: 0.79, 95%CI: 0.60 to 1.04, p=0.09) and significant worse for non-hematological toxicity (RR: 2.28, 95%CI: 1.60 to 3.24, p<0.001), when IBC compared to NIBC.Conclusions: As the available evidence suggests that IBC and NIBC are equivalent in terms of ORR, PFS, OS, at least in Asian patients, we recommend that IBC be considered as a first-line treatment in Asian patients with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC. However, the non-hematological toxicity of IBC must be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Identifying the competencies of doctors in China.
- Author
-
Li Zhao, Tao Sun, Bao-Zhi Sun, Yu-Hong Zhao, John Norcini, and Lincoln Chen
- Subjects
PHYSICIANS ,EDUCATIONAL change ,EXPLORATORY factor analysis ,CONFIRMATORY factor analysis ,VOCATIONAL guidance information systems ,CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Background: China adopted a Flexnerian model as its medical institutions developed over the recent past but the political, social, and economic environment has changed significantly since then. This has generated the need for educational reform, which in other countries, has largely been driven by competencies-oriented models such as those developed in Canada, and the United States. Our study sought to establish the competencies model, relevant to China, which will support educational reform efforts. Methods: Data was collected using a cross-sectional survey of 1776 doctors from seven provinces in China. The surveys were translated and adapted from the Occupational Information Network General Work Activity questionnaire (O*NET-GWA) and Work Style questionnaire (O*NET-WS) developed under the auspices of the US Department of Labor. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis ascertained the latent dimensions of the questionnaires, as well as the factor structures of the competencies model for the Chinese doctors. Results: In exploratory factor analysis, the questionnaires were able to account for 64.25% of total variance. All responses had high internal consistency and reliability. In confirmatory factor analysis, the loadings of six constructs were between 0.53 ~ 0.89 and were significant, Construct reliability (CR) were between 0.79 ~ 0.93 respectively. The results showed good convergent validity. The resultant models fit the data well (GFI was 0.92, RMSEA was 0.07) and the six-factor competencies framework for Chinese doctors emerged. Conclusions: The Chinese doctors' competencies framework includes six elements: (a) technical procedural skills; (b) diagnosis and management; (c) teamwork and administration; (d) communication; (e) professional behavior; and (f) professional values. These findings are relevant to China, consistent with its current situation, and similar to those developed in other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Well-differentiated angiosarcoma of spleen: a teaching case mimicking hemagioma and cytogenetic analysis with array comparative genomic hybridization.
- Author
-
Lichen Xu, Yimin Zhang, Hong Zhao, Qingxiao Chen, Weihang Ma, and Lanjuan Li
- Subjects
PATIENT management ,CANCER chemotherapy ,BIOPSY ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging - Abstract
Primary splenic angiosarcoma is extremely rare but aggressive malignant vascular neoplasm. Here, we report a case of vascular tumor in spleen that was initially misinterpreted as hemangioma. Two years after splenectomy, the patient admitted again with aggravated abdomen pain and severe anemia. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed widely metastases. The ensuing biopsy for lesion both in liver and in bone marrow showed the similar pathological findings as that in spleen, which supported the final diagnosis of well-differentiated splenic angiosarcoma with extensive metastases. The patient was dead in 3 months after discharge without chemotherapy. The copy number changes for spleen lesion detected by array comparative genome hybridization showed copy number gain at 11q23.2, 11q24.3, 12q24.33, 13q34, copy number loss at 1q24.2-q31.3, 1q41-q42.2, 1 q42.3-q43, 2q36.3-q37.3, 2q37.7, 3q13.33-q26.2, 3q28 - q29, 9p11.2, 13q11, 15q11, homozygous copy loss at 8p11.22, 22q11.23. Less than 200 cases of splenic angiosarcoma have been published in literature of English. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time analyzed cytogenetic alteration in a well-differentiated primary splenic angiosarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Establishment and evaluation of transgenic models of Alzheimer's disease with senescence accelerated background
- Author
-
Ming Yin, Kenghoe Lok, Anyang Sun, Hong Zhao, and Wenjuan Zhao
- Subjects
Senescence ,Genetically modified mouse ,Transgene ,Clinical Neurology ,Morris water navigation task ,lcsh:Geriatrics ,Immunofluorescence ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Andrology ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,business.industry ,Molecular medicine ,lcsh:RC952-954.6 ,Meeting Abstract ,biology.protein ,Neurology (clinical) ,Antibody ,business ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Method In the experiments, APP/PS1 and tau transgenic mice of C57BL/6J background were interbred with SAMP8 mice for five generations. Gene identification of filial generation was tested by PCR. The grading score system developed by Takeda T et al was used for evaluation of the degree of senescence in mice. The agerelated decline of learning and memory ability was analyzed using passive avoidance shuttle box and Morris water maze tasks. Immunofluorescence study was performed to ascertain the presence of b-amyloid (Ab) and tau pathology in AD mouse models by using b-amyloid antibody and specific phosphorylated tau antibody at Ser404.
- Published
- 2012
33. Low titers of measles antibody in mothers whose infants suffered from measles before eligible age for measles vaccination
- Author
-
Peishan Lu, Wenhu Yao, Yali Hu, Yi-Hua Zhou, Qiaozhen Wu, and Hong Zhao
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,China ,Measles Vaccine ,Mothers ,Antibodies, Viral ,Measles ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Immunity ,Virology ,Medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Research ,Outbreak ,Infant ,medicine.disease ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Vaccination ,Titer ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunization ,Immunoglobulin M ,Immunoglobulin G ,Female ,Measles vaccine ,business ,Immunity, Maternally-Acquired - Abstract
Background Resurgence or outbreak of measles recently occurred in both developed and developing countries despite long-standing widespread use of measles vaccine. Measles incidence in China has increased since 2002, particularly in infants and in persons ≥ 15 years of age. It is speculated that infants may acquire fewer measles IgG from their mothers, resulting in the reduced duration of protection during their early months of life. This study aimed to clarify the reason of increased susceptibility to measles in young infants in China. Measles IgG in 24 measles infants ≤ 9 months of age and their vaccinated mothers was quantitatively measured. The mean measles neutralizing titer in the vaccinated mothers and in 13 age-match women with the histories of clinical measles were compared. Results All the mothers were confirmed to be vaccinated successfully by the presence of measles IgG. Six vaccinated mothers were positive for measles IgM and had high concentrations of measles IgG and the neutralizing antibody, indicating underwent natural boosting. The mean measles neutralizing titer in 18 vaccinated mothers without natural boosting were significantly lower than that in 13 age-match women with the histories of clinical measles (1:37 vs 1:182, P < 0.05). Conclusions Our results suggest that infants born to mothers who acquired immunity to measles by vaccination may get a relatively small amount of measles antibody, resulting in loss of the immunity to measles before the vaccination age. Measures to improve the immunity in young infants not eligible for measles vaccination would be critical to interrupt the measles transmission in China.
- Published
- 2010
34. Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy: a multicenter case-control study.
- Author
-
Cheng Li, Wei-Hong Zhao, Qian Zhu, Shu-Jun Cao, Hua Ping, Xiaowei Xi, Guo-Juan Qin, Ming-Xing Yan, Duo Zhang, Jun Qiu, and Jian Zhang
- Subjects
- *
ECTOPIC pregnancy , *FIRST trimester of pregnancy , *WOMEN & death , *INTRAUTERINE contraceptives , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *ADNEXAL diseases , *DISEASE risk factors ,PREGNANCY complication risk factors - Abstract
Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the leading cause of maternal death during the first trimester of pregnancy. A better understanding of EP risk can help prevent its occurrence. We carried out a multi-center, large-sample, case-control study to evaluate the risk factors for EP in Shanghai, China. Methods: Women who were diagnosed with EP (n = 2411) and women with intrauterine pregnancies (n = 2416) were recruited from five hospitals in Shanghai, China. Information regarding the sociodemographic characteristics; reproductive, gynecological and surgical history; and previous and current use of contraceptives was collected from all participants. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and adjusted for potential confounding factors via multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The study revealed that the risk of EP was associated with the traditional risk factors including previous EP (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.72, 95 % CI: 1.83–4.05), previous Chlamydia trachomatis infection (Adjusted OR = 3.18, 95 % CI: 2.64, 3.84), previous infertility (AOR = 2.18, 95 % CI: 1.66–2.88), previous adnexal surgery (AOR = 2.09, 95 % CI: 1.49–2.93), previous appendectomy (AOR = 1.64, 95 % CI: 1.13–2.37), and previous use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) (AOR = 1.72, 95 % CI: 1.39–2.13). Additionally, EP risk was increased following the failure of most contraceptives used in the current cycle including IUDs (AOR = 16.43, 95 % CI: 10.42–25.89), oral contraceptive pills (AOR = 3.02, 95 % CI: 1.16–7.86), levonorgestrel emergency contraception (AOR = 4.75, 95 % CI: 3.79–5.96), and female sterilization (AOR = 4 .73, 95 % CI: 1.04–21.52). Stratified analysis showed that in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) was the main risk factor for EP in women with tubal infertility (AOR = 8.99, 95 % CI: 1.98–40.84), although IVF-ET showed no association with EP in women with non-tubal infertility (AOR = 2.52, 95 % CI: 0.14–44.67). Conclusion: In addition to the traditional risk factors, IVF-ET and current IUD use play dominant roles in the occurrence of EP. Attention should be given to women with tubal infertility who have undergone IVE-ET treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Activation of transcription factor AP-1 in response to thermal injury in rat small intestine and IEC-6 cells.
- Author
-
Yonghong Zhang, Hong Zhao, Tao Liu, Changrong Wan, Xiaoxi Liu, Zhimin Gao, Xiaolin Hou, Linshu Jiang, and Fenghua Liu
- Subjects
- *
TRANSCRIPTION factor AP-1 , *SMALL intestine injuries , *LABORATORY rats , *NF-kappa B , *EPITHELIAL cells , *GENE expression , *GENETIC transcription - Abstract
Background: Our previous studies indicated that heat stress can cause significant damage to the intestinal epithelium and induce differential expression of many genes in rat small intestine. The transcription factors AP-1 and NF-κB, which act as important mediators by binding to specific DNA sequences within gene promoters, regulate the transcription of genes associated with immune regulation, stress response and cell fate. Methods: To determine whether AP-1 and NF-κB are involved in hyperthermia-induced injury in rat small intestine and IEC-6 cells, we investigated their activity, and the expression of related proteins, by electrophoretic mobility shift assays and western blotting, respectively. Results: Heat stress resulted in severe damage to the epithelium of the small intestine. The cell morphology and viability were obviously altered when IEC-6 cell was exposed to hyperthermia. AP-1 was activated in the small intestine of heat-stressed rats, as was phosphorylation of the JNK signaling pathway. In IEC-6 cell line, AP-1 activation in groups exposed to 42 °C for 1 h, 2 h and 4 h was significantly increased. In contrast, NF-κB was not activated in both in vivo and in vitro models. Conclusion: These results reveal that AP-1 is likely to play an important role in regulating gene transcription in rat small intestine and IEC-6 cells during exposure to heat stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Inhibition of iNOS as a novel effective targeted therapy against triple-negative breast cancer.
- Author
-
Granados-Principal, Sergio, Yi Liu, Guevara, Maria L., Blanco, Elvin, Dong Soon Choi, Wei Qian, Tejal Patel, Rodriguez, Angel A., Cusimano, Joseph, Weiss, Heidi L., Hong Zhao, Landis, Melissa D., Dave, Bhuvanesh, Gross, Steven S., and Chang, Jenny C.
- Subjects
TRIPLE-negative breast cancer ,BREAST cancer treatment ,NITRIC-oxide synthases ,METASTASIS ,CANCER cell proliferation - Abstract
Introduction: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer with no effective targeted therapy. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is associated with poor survival in patients with breast cancer by increasing tumor aggressiveness. This work aimed to investigate the potential of iNOS inhibitors as a targeted therapy for TNBC. We hypothesized that inhibition of endogenous iNOS would decrease TNBC aggressiveness by reducing tumor initiation and metastasis through modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-inducing factors. Methods: iNOS protein levels were determined in 83 human TNBC tissues and correlated with clinical outcome. Proliferation, mammosphere-forming efficiency, migration, and EMT transcription factors were assessed in vitro after iNOS inhibition. Endogenous iNOS targeting was evaluated as a potential therapy in TNBC mouse models. Results: High endogenous iNOS expression was associated with worse prognosis in patients with TNBC by gene expression as well as immunohistochemical analysis. Selective iNOS (1400 W) and pan-NOS (L-NMMA and L-NAME) inhibitors diminished cell proliferation, cancer stem cell self-renewal, and cell migration in vitro, together with inhibition of EMT transcription factors (Snail, Slug, Twist1, and Zeb1). Impairment of hypoxia-inducible factor 1a, endoplasmic reticulum stress (IRE1a/XBP1), and the crosstalk between activating transcription factor 3/activating transcription factor 4 and transforming growth factor ß was observed. iNOS inhibition significantly reduced tumor growth, the number of lung metastases, tumor initiation, and self-renewal. Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of L-NMMA in decreasing tumor growth and enhancing survival rate in TNBC, we propose a targeted therapeutic clinical trial by re-purposing the pan-NOS inhibitor L-NMMA, which has been extensively investigated for cardiogenic shock as an anti-cancer therapeutic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Limitations of mammography in the diagnosis of breast diseases compared with ultrasonography: a single-center retrospective analysis of 274 cases.
- Author
-
Hong Zhao, Liwei Zou, Xiaoping Geng, and Suisheng Zheng
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Spontaneous control of HIV-1 viremia in a subject with protective HLA-B plus HLA-C alleles and HLA-C associated single nucleotide polymorphisms.
- Author
-
Moroni, Marco, Ghezzi, Silvia, Baroli, Paolo, Heltai, Silvia, Battista, Davide De, Pensieroso, Simone, Cavarelli, Mariangela, Dispinseri, Stefania, Vanni, Irene, Pastori, Claudia, Zerbi, Pietro, Tosoni, Antonella, Vicenzi, Elisa, Nebuloni, Manuela, Kim Wong, Hong Zhao, McHugh, Sarah, Poli, Guido, Lopalco, Lucia, and Scarlatti, Gabriella
- Subjects
VIREMIA ,GENETIC polymorphisms ,VIROLOGY ,DISEASE susceptibility ,ANTIRETROVIRAL agents ,T cells ,ALLELES ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Introduction Understanding the mechanisms by which some individuals are able to naturally control HIV- 1 infection is an important goal of AIDS research. We here describe the case of an HIV-1
+ woman, CASE1, who has spontaneously controlled her viremia for the last 14 of her 20 years of infection. Methods CASE1 has been clinically monitored since 1993. Detailed immunological, virological and histological analyses were performed on samples obtained between 2009 and 2011. Results As for other Elite Controllers, CASE1 is characterized by low to undetectable levels of plasma HIV-1 RNA, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) associated HIV-1 DNA a reduced in vitro susceptibility of target cells to HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, a slow rate of virus evolution was demonstrated in spite the lack of assumption of any antiretroviral agent. CASE1 failed to transmit HIV-1 to either her sexual male partner or to her child born by vaginal delivery. Normal values and ratios of T and B cells were observed, along with normal histology of the intestinal mucosa. Attempts to isolate HIV-1 from her PBMC and gut-derived cells were unsuccessful, despite expression of normal cell surface levels of CD4, CCRC5 and CXCR4. CASE1 did not produce detectable anti-HIV neutralizing antibodies in her serum or genital mucosal fluid although she displayed potent T cell responses against HIV-1 Gag and Nef. CASE1 also possessed multiple genetic polymorphisms, including HLA alleles (B*14, B*57, C*06 and C*08.02) and HLA-C single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs9264942 C/C and rs67384697 del/del), that have been previously individually associated with spontaneous control of plasma viremia, maintenance of high CD4+ T cell counts and delayed disease progression Conclusions CASE1 has controlled her HIV-1 viremia below the limit of detection in the absence of antiretroviral therapy for more than 14 years and has not shown any sign of immunologic deterioration or disease progression. Co-expression of multiple protective HLA alleles, HLA-C SNPs and strong T cell responses against HIV-1 proteins are the most likely explanation of this very benign case of spontaneous control of HIV-1 disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Isolation and epithelial co-culture of mouse renal peritubular endothelial cells.
- Author
-
Ye Zhao, Hong Zhao, Yun Zhang, Tsatralis, Tania, Qi Cao, Ya Wang, Yiping Wang, Yuan Min Wang, Alexander, Steve I, Harris, David C, and Guoping Zheng
- Abstract
Background: Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) has been shown to be a major source of myofibroblasts, contributing to kidney fibrosis. However, in vitro study of endothelial cells often relies on culture of isolated primary endothelial cells due to the unavailability of endothelial cell lines. Our recent study suggested that peritubular endothelial cells could contribute to kidney fibrosis through EndoMT. Therefore, successful isolation and culture of mouse peritubular endothelial cells could provide a new platform for studying kidney fibrosis. This study describes an immunomagnetic separation method for the isolation of mouse renal peritubular endothelial cells using anti-CD146 MicroBeads, followed by co-culture with mouse renal proximal tubular epithelial cells to maintain endothelial phenotype. Results: Flow cytometry showed that after isolation and two days of culture, about 95% of cells were positive for endothelial-specific marker CD146. The percentage of other cells, including dendritic cells (CD11c) and macrophages (F4/80), was less than 1%. Maintenance of endothelial cell phenotype required vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and co-culture with mouse proximal tubular epithelial cells. Conclusion: In this study, we established a method for the isolation of mouse renal peritubular endothelial cells by using immunomagnetic separation with anti-CD146 MicroBeads, followed by co-culture with mouse renal proximal tubular epithelial cells to maintain phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Risk factors for predicting symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration requiring surgery in patients after posterior lumbar fusion.
- Author
-
Jinqian Liang, Yulei Dong, and Hong Zhao
- Subjects
CHI-squared test ,FISHER exact test ,LUMBAR vertebrae ,SPINE diseases ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL hypothesis testing ,T-test (Statistics) ,TIME ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Background Although measures to reduce and treat degenerative changes after fusion are discussed, these are still controversial. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on a consecutive series of 3,799 patients who underwent posterior lumbar fusion for degenerative lumbar disease between January 1999 and January 2009. A total of 28 patients with symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration surgery were identified. Another group of 56 matched patients with degenerative lumbar disease without symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration after spinal fusion were marked as the control group. These two groups were compared for demographic distribution and clinical and radiographic data to investigate the predictive factors of symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration surgery by logistic regression. Results The overall incidence rate of symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration surgery was 0.74%. Strong risk factors for the development of a symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration requiring surgery were preoperative distance from L1 to S1 sagittal plumb line (p = 0.031), preoperative lumbar lordosis (p = 0.005), and preoperative adjacent disc height (p = 0.003). Mean postoperative lumbar lordosis was smaller (p = 0.000) in symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration surgery (SASDS) group compared with in the control group (33.3° vs. 39.8°). Postoperative adjacent disc height was also significantly lower in the former group compared with the latter group (p = 0.002). Logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.75; p = 0.006), preoperative adjacent disc degeneration (ADD) on MRI (OR: 13.52; p = 0.027), and disc bulge in preoperative CT examination (OR: 390.4; p = 0.000) maintained their significance in predicting likelihood of symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration surgery. Conclusions The occurrence of a symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration surgery is most likely multifactorial and is related to BMI, preoperative ADD on MRI, and disc bulge in preoperative CT examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Cryptosporidium andersoni as a novel predominant Cryptosporidium species in outpatients with diarrhea in Jiangsu Province, China.
- Author
-
Yanyan Jiang, Jinhua Ren, Zhongying Yuan, Aiqin Liu, Hong Zhao, Hua Liu, Lei Chu, Wei Pan, Jianping Cao, Yijin Lin, and Yujuan Shen
- Subjects
RIBOSOMAL RNA ,CRYPTOSPORIDIUM ,NUCLEOTIDE sequencing ,CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS ,DIARRHEA ,PATIENTS - Abstract
Background Cryptosporidium hominis and C. parvum are usually considered to be the major pathogens responsible for human cryptosporidiosis. However, there have been few studies regarding the molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in human infections in China. Here we investigated Cryptosporidium infection in patients with diarrhea, in Danyang Hospital of Jiangsu Province, China, at the genotype level. Methods A total of 232 stool specimens were collected from outpatients with diarrhea in Danyang Hospital of Jiangsu Province, China, from February 2012 to January 2013. Each specimen was stained from direct fecal smears and examined for Cryptosporidium using modified acid fast staining and microscopy. Moreover, genomic DNA of each fecal sample was screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium with nested PCR, which was genotyped by analyzing the DNA sequences of small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA). Results The average infection rate of Cryptosporidium was 1.3% (3/232) by microscopy and subjected to PCR amplification of the SSU rRNA gene of Cryptosporidium, with 9.91% (23/232) being positive for Cryptosporidium with a significant peak in autumn. Based on the SSU rRNA gene, two Cryptosporidium spp. were identified, including C. andersoni (n =21) and C. hominis (n =2). Two types of C. andersoni, designated as A
370 + and A370 - , were found in the SSU rRNA gene in our present study, which was 100% homologous to C. andersoni infections derived from dairy calves and goats, respectively. The clinical questionnaires showed no significant difference in age, gender and frequency of diarrhea, but duration of diarrhea was shorter for C. andersoni than that of C. hominis (mean, 2 vs. 4 days; p <0.01). Conclusions C. andersoni is the dominant species in Danyang City of Jiangsu Province. The fact that SSU rRNA sequences of C. andersoni obtained from human stools exhibited 100% homologous to those derived from dairy calves and goats supported that C. andersoni infection might be attributable to animal origin. The difference in the duration of diarrhea of C. andersoni and C. hominis indicated that different Cryptosporidium species might cause different clinical manifestations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Meta-analysis of the risk of cataract in type 2 diabetes.
- Author
-
Li Li, Xiu-hua Wan, and Guo-hong Zhao
- Abstract
Background: This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the risk of cataract. Methods: Databases of Pubmed, Embase, and SpringerLink were retrieved for observational studies published before November 2013. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for estimating the association. All statistical analyses were performed by Stata 10.0 software. Results: A total of 8 studies involving 20837 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of any cataract (AC) in T2D patients was higher than that in non-diabetic subjects (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.45-2.67, P < 0.001). The risks of cortical cataract posterior (CC) (OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.47-1.91, P < 0.001) and posterior subcapsular (PSC) (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.27-1.90, P < 0.001) were significantly elevated in T2D patients, while no significant association was found in nuclear sclerosis (NS) (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.97-1.90, P = 0.070). Conclusion: T2D patients had a higher risk of cataracts, excepting NS. Special attention should be paid on the ophthalmic extermination, especially for cataract in T2D patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Teaching tracheal intubation: Airtraq is superior to Macintosh laryngoscope
- Author
-
Hong Zhao, Yi Feng, and Yanyan Zhou
- Abstract
Background: Tracheal intubation with Macintosh laryngoscope is taught to medical students as it is a lifesaving procedure. However, it is a difficult technique to learn and the consequences of intubation failure are potentially serious. The Airtraq optical laryngoscope is a relatively novel intubation device, which allows visualization of the glottic plane without alignment of the oral, pharyngeal, and tracheal axes, possessing advantages over Macintosh for novice personnel. We introduced a teaching mode featured with a progressive evaluation scheme for preparation and performance of tracheal intubation with medical students in this prospective randomized crossover trial who had no prior airway management experience to find the superior one. Methods: Twenty-six medical students of the 8-year programme in the 6th year participated in this trial, when they did their one-week rotation in the department of anaesthesiology. Each of the students intubated 6 patients, who were scheduled for surgeries under general anaesthesia, each laryngoscope for 3 patients respectively. One hundred and forty-nine consecutive patients scheduled for surgical procedures requiring tracheal intubation were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated to undergo tracheal intubation using Macintosh (n = 75) or Airtraq (n =74) laryngoscope. The progressive evaluation scheme was applied to each intubation attempt. Results: Intubation success rate was significantly higher in Airtraq group than Macintosh group (87.8% vs. 66.7%, P < 0.05). Duration of glottis exposure was significantly shorter in Airtraq group compared to Macintosh group (50 ± 19 s vs. 81 ± 27 s, P < 0.001). A grade I Cormack and Lehane glottic view was obtained in 94.6% of patients in the Airtraq group versus 32% of patients in the Macintosh group (P <0.001). Duration of intubation in Airtraq group was significantly shorter (68 ± 21 s vs. 96 ± 22 s, P < 0.05) compared to Macintosh group. Conclusions: Airtraq laryngoscope is easier to master for novice personnel with a higher intubation success rate and shorter intubation duration compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Disruption of mutated BRAF signaling modulates thyroid cancer phenotype.
- Author
-
Hanly, Elyse K., Rajoria, Shilpi, Darzynkiewicz, Zbigniew, Hong Zhao, Suriano, Robert, Tuli, Neha, George, Andrea L., Bednarczyk, Robert, Shin, Edward J., Geliebter, Jan, and Tiwari, Raj K.
- Abstract
Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine-related cancer in the United States and its incidence is rising rapidly. Since among various genetic lesions identified in thyroid cancer, the BRAFV600E mutation is found in 50% of papillary thyroid cancers and 25% of anaplastic thyroid cancers, this mutation provides an opportunity for targeted drug therapy. Our laboratory evaluated cellular phenotypic effects in response to treatment with PLX4032, a BRAFV600E-specific inhibitor, in normal BRAF-wild-type thyroid cells and in BRAFV600E-positive papillary thyroid cancer cells. Methods: Normal BRAF-wild-type thyroid cells and BRAFV600E-mutated papillary thyroid cancer cells were subjected to proliferation assays and analyzed for cell death by immunofluorescence. Cell cycle status was determined using an EdU uptake assay followed by laser scanning cytometry. In addition, expression of proteins within the MAPK signal transduction pathway was analyzed by Western blot. Results: PLX4032 has potent anti-proliferative effects selectively in BRAF-mutated thyroid cancer cells. These effects appear to be mediated by the drug’s activity of inhibiting phosphorylation of signaling molecules downstream of BRAF within the pro-survival MAPK pathway. Interestingly, PLX4032 promotes the phosphorylation of these signaling molecules in BRAF-wild-type thyroid cells. Conclusions: These findings support further evaluation of combinational therapy that includes BRAFV600E inhibitors in thyroid cancer patients harboring the BRAFV600E mutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Endometrial gene expression profiling in pregnant Meishan and Yorkshire pigs on day 12 of gestation.
- Author
-
Ting Gu, Meng-jin Zhu, Schroyen, Martine, Long Qu, Nettleton, Dan, Kuhar, Dan, Lunney, Joan K., Ross, Jason W., Shu-hong Zhao, and Tuggle, Christopher K.
- Subjects
GENE expression ,GENETIC regulation ,LABORATORY swine ,ANIMAL models in research ,GENE regulatory networks ,SWINE ,MAMMAL reproduction - Abstract
Background Litter size in pigs is a major factor affecting the profitability in the pig industry. The periimplantation window in pigs is characterized by the coordinated interactions between the maternal uterine endometrium and the rapidly elongating conceptuses and represents a period of time during which a large percentage of the developing conceptuses are lost. However, the gene expression and regulatory networks in the endometrium contributing to the establishment of the maternal: placental interface remain poorly understood. Results We characterized the endometrial gene expression profile during the peri-implantation stage of development by comparing two breeds that demonstrate very different reproductive efficiencies. We employed the porcine Affymetrix GeneChip® to assay the transcriptomic profiles of genes expressed in the uterine endometrium obtained from Meishan and Yorkshire gilts (n = 4 for each breed) on day 12 of gestation (M12 and Y12, respectively). Total of 17,076 probesets were identified as "present" in at least two arrays. A mixed model-based statistical analysis predicted a total of 2,656 (q < 0.1) transcripts as differentially expressed between Meishan and Yorkshire pigs. Eighteen differentially expressed transcripts of interest were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Gene ontology (GO) annotation revealed that the known functions of the differentially expressed genes were involved in a series of important biological processes relevant to early pregnancy establishment in the pig. Conclusions The results identified endometrial gene expression profiles of two breeds differing in litter size and identified candidate genes that are related to known physiological pathways related to reproductive prolificacy. These findings provide a deeper understanding of molecular pathways differing between two breeds at the critical peri-implantation stage of pregnancy, which can be utilized to better understand the events contributing to pregnancy establishment in the pig. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Inhibition of heat-induced apoptosis in Rat small intestine and IEC-6 cells through the AKT signaling pathway.
- Author
-
Zhimin Gao, Fenghua Liu, Peng Yin, Changrong Wan, Shasha He, Xiaoxi Liu, Hong Zhao, Tao Liu, Jianqin Xu, and Shining Guo
- Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of heat ,APOPTOSIS ,RAT diseases ,SMALL intestine ,PHOSPHOINOSITIDES ,EPITHELIAL cells - Abstract
Background As the world warms up, heat stress is becoming a major cause of economic loss in the livestock industry. Long-time exposure of animals to hyperthermia causes extensive cell apoptosis, which is harmful to them. AKT and AKT-related serine-threonine kinases are known to be involved in signaling cascades that regulate cell survival, but the mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we demonstrate that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) /AKT signal pathway provides protection against apoptosis induced by heat stress to ascertain the key point for treatment. Results Under heat stress, rats showed increased shedding of intestinal epithelial cells. These rats also had elevated levels of serum cortisol and improved expression of heat shock proteins (Hsp27, Hsp70 and Hsp90) in response to heat stress. Apoptosis analysis by TUNEL assay revealed a higher number of villi epithelial cells that were undergoing apoptosis in heat-treated rats than in the normal control. This is supported by gene expression analysis, which showed an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 (p < 0.05), an important indicator of apoptosis. During heatinduced apoptosis, more AKTs were activated, showing increased phosphorylation. An increase of BAD phosphorylation, which is an inhibitory modification, ensued. In rat IEC-6 cell line, a significant higher level of AKT phosphorylation was observed at 2 h after heat exposure. This coincided with a marked reduction of apoptosis. Conclusion Together, these results suggest that heat stress caused damages to rat jejunum and induced apoptosis to a greater degree. HSPs and pro-survival factors were involved in response to heat stress. Among them, AKT played a key role in inhibiting heat-induced apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Use of dexmedetomidine for prophylactic analgesia and sedation in delayed extubation patients after craniotomy: a study protocol and statistical analysis plan for a randomized controlled trial.
- Author
-
Li-Hong Zhao, Zhong-Hua Shi, Ning-Ning Yin, Jian-Xin Zhou, Zhao, Li-Hong, Shi, Zhong-Hua, Yin, Ning-Ning, and Zhou, Jian-Xin
- Subjects
- *
CRANIOTOMY , *OBSTETRICS surgery , *ANALGESIA , *ANESTHESIA , *EXTUBATION , *CATHETERIZATION , *CRITICAL care medicine - Abstract
Background: Pain and agitation are common in patients after craniotomy. They can result in tachycardia, hypertension, immunosuppression, increased catecholamine production and increased oxygen consumption. Dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 agonist, provides adequate sedation without respiratory depression, while facilitating frequent neurological evaluation.Methods/design: The study is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel-group design. Consecutive patients are randomly assigned to one of the two treatment study groups, labeled 'Dex group' or 'Saline group.' Dexmedetomidine group patients receive a continuous infusion of 0.6 μg/kg/h (10 ug/ml). Placebo group patients receive a maintenance infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride for injection at a volume and rate equal to that of dexmedetomidine. The mean percentages of time in optimal sedation, vital signs, various and adverse events, the percentage of patients requiring propofol for rescue to achieve/maintain targeted sedation (Sedation-Agitation Scale, SAS 3 to 4) and total dose of propofol required throughout the study drug infusion are collected. The percentage of patients requiring fentanyl for additional rescue to analgesia and total dose of fentanyl required are recorded. The effects of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamic and recovery responses during extubation are measured. Intensive care unit and hospital length of stay also are collected. Plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, cortisol, neuron-specific enolase and S100-B are measured before infusion (T1), at two hours (T2), four hours (T3) and eight hours (T4) after infusion and at the end of infusion (T5) in 20 patients in each group.Discussion: The study has been initiated as planned in July 2012. One interim analysis advised continuation of the trial. The study will be completed in July 2013.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials (NCT): ChiCTR-PRC-12002903. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Structural and functional annotation of the porcine immunome.
- Author
-
Dawson, Harry D., Loveland, Jane E., Pascal, Géraldine, Gilbert, James G. R., Uenishi, Hirohide, Mann, Katherine M., Yongming Sang, Jie Zhang, Carvalho-Silva, Denise, Hunt, Toby, Hardy, Matthew, Zhiliang Hu, Shu-Hong Zhao, Anselmo, Anna, Shinkai, Hiroki, Celine Chen, Badaoui, Bouabid, Berman, Daniel, Amid, Clara, and Kay, Mike
- Subjects
PORCINE somatotropin ,PATHOGENIC microorganisms ,SWINE diseases ,IMMUNE system ,LABORATORY swine ,NUCLEOTIDE sequence ,MOLECULAR genetics ,GENETICS - Abstract
Background: The domestic pig is known as an excellent model for human immunology and the two species share many pathogens. Susceptibility to infectious disease is one of the major constraints on swine performance, yet the structure and function of genes comprising the pig immunome are not well-characterized. The completion of the pig genome provides the opportunity to annotate the pig immunome, and compare and contrast pig and human immune systems. Results: The Immune Response Annotation Group (IRAG) used computational curation and manual annotation of the swine genome assembly 10.2 (Sscrofa10.2) to refine the currently available automated annotation of 1,369 immunity-related genes through sequence-based comparison to genes in other species. Within these genes, we annotated 3,472 transcripts. Annotation provided evidence for gene expansions in several immune response families, and identified artiodactyl-specific expansions in the cathelicidin and type 1 Interferon families. We found gene duplications for 18 genes, including 13 immune response genes and five non-immune response genes discovered in the annotation process. Manual annotation provided evidence for many new alternative splice variants and 8 gene duplications. Over 1,100 transcripts without porcine sequence evidence were detected using cross-species annotation. We used a functional approach to discover and accurately annotate porcine immune response genes. A co-expression clustering analysis of transcriptomic data from selected experimental infections or immune stimulations of blood, macrophages or lymph nodes identified a large cluster of genes that exhibited a correlated positive response upon infection across multiple pathogens or immune stimuli. Interestingly, this gene cluster (cluster 4) is enriched for known general human immune response genes, yet contains many un-annotated porcine genes. A phylogenetic analysis of the encoded proteins of cluster 4 genes showed that 15% exhibited an accelerated evolution as compared to 4.1% across the entire genome. Conclusions: This extensive annotation dramatically extends the genome-based knowledge of the molecular genetics and structure of a major portion of the porcine immunome. Our complementary functional approach using co-expression during immune response has provided new putative immune response annotation for over 500 porcine genes. Our phylogenetic analysis of this core immunome cluster confirms rapid evolutionary change in this set of genes, and that, as in other species, such genes are important components of the pig's adaptation to pathogen challenge over evolutionary time. These comprehensive and integrated analyses increase the value of the porcine genome sequence and provide important tools for global analyses and data-mining of the porcine immune response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Characterization of murine macrophages from bone marrow, spleen and peritoneum.
- Author
-
Changqi Wang, Xiao Yu, Qi Cao, Ya Wang, Guoping Zheng, Thian Kui Tan, Hong Zhao, Ye Zhao, Yiping Wang, and Harris, David C. H.
- Subjects
MOUSE leukemia ,MACROPHAGES ,BONE marrow ,SPLEEN ,PERITONEUM ,PHAGOCYTOSIS ,PHENOTYPES ,IMMUNE response ,PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
Background: Macrophages have heterogeneous phenotypes and complex functions within both innate and adaptive immune responses. To date, most experimental studies have been performed on macrophages derived from bone marrow, spleen and peritoneum. However, differences among macrophages from these particular sources remain unclear. In this study, the features of murine macrophages from bone marrow, spleen and peritoneum were compared. Results: We found that peritoneal macrophages (PMs) appear to be more mature than bone marrow derived macrophages (BMs) and splenic macrophages (SPMs) based on their morphology and surface molecular characteristics. BMs showed the strongest capacity for both proliferation and phagocytosis among the three populations of macrophage. Under resting conditions, SPMs maintained high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α), whereas BMs produced high levels of suppressive cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β). However, SPMs activated with LPS not only maintained higher levels of (IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α) than BMs or PMs, but also maintained higher levels of IL-10 and TGF-β. Conclusions: Our results show that BMs, SPMs and PMs are distinct populations with different biological functions, providing clues to guide their further experimental or therapeutic use [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The feasibility of evaluating radiation dose to the heart by integrating kilovoltage-cone beam computed tomography in stereotactic body radiotherapy of early non-small-cell lung cancer patients.
- Author
-
Chengxin Liu, Guanzhong Gong, Chen Guo, Tonghai Liu, Jie Lu, Hong Zhao, Wei Dong, Yong Yin, Liu, Chengxin, Gong, Guanzhong, Guo, Chen, Liu, Tonghai, Lu, Jie, Zhao, Hong, Dong, Wei, and Yin, Yong
- Subjects
SMALL cell lung cancer ,CANCER treatment ,FEASIBILITY studies ,CANCER radiotherapy ,COMPUTED tomography ,STEREOTACTIC radiotherapy ,HEART physiology ,IMAGING of cancer ,LUNG cancer ,COMPUTERS in medicine ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH evaluation ,HEART ,RADIATION measurements ,RESEARCH methodology ,LUNG tumors ,MEDICAL cooperation ,EVALUATION research ,DIAGNOSTIC imaging ,COMPARATIVE studies ,RADIATION doses ,RADIOSURGERY ,RADIOTHERAPY - Abstract
Background: To investigate the feasibility of contouring the planning risk organ volume (PRV) for the heart, and to determine the probability of evaluating radiation dose to the heart using kilovoltage-cone beam computed tomography (kV-CBCT) in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, who received stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).Materials and Methods: Seventeen NSCLC patients who received SBRT (5Gy/f × 10f dose) were enrolled and subjected to CBCT and CT imaging analyses to plan treatment. Sequential planning CBCT images of individual patient's hearts were analyzed for reproducibility of heart contouring and volume. Comparative analyses were made between the planning CT- and CBCT-detected heart margins and dose-volume indices for treatment.Results: The heart volume from planning CT images was significantly smaller than that from CBCT scans (p < 0.05), and the volumes based on the different series of CBCT images were similar (p > 0.05).The overlap of the heart region on the same anatomical section between the first series of CBCT scans and other scans reached 0.985 ± 0.020 without statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). The mean margins of the heart from planning CT and CBCT scans were 10.5 ± 2.8 mm in the left direction, 5.9 ± 2.8 mm in the right direction, 2.2 ± 1.6 mm in the direction of the head, 3.3 ± 2.2 mm in the direction of the foot, 6.7 ± 1.1 mm in the anterior direction, and 4.5 mm ± 2.5 mm in the posterior direction. All relative and absolute dose-volume indices obtained from CBCT images were significantly larger than those from planning CT scans (p < 0.05), with the exception of the volume in the 5Gy region.Conclusion: The PRV of heart contouring based on kV-CBCT is feasible with good reproducibility. More accurate and objective dose-volume indices may be obtained for NSCLC patients by using kV-CBCT, instead of CT, to plan SBRT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.