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Background The provision of tobacco dependence treatment in health care settings, particularly in countries lacking a history of strong tobacco control policy implementation, is limited by continued misconceptions on the part of health professionals and decision-makers regarding its worth and efficacy. In this paper, we rebut 9 arguments against the provision of tobacco dependence treatment that we have encountered in our experiences implementing and maintaining a dedicated smoking cessation service at a large university hospital in southern Germany. Discussion Broadly, the arguments relate to the nature of addiction, the efficacy and safety of stop- smoking medication and behavioural support, and the benefits and challenges of quitting. They include: (a) If smokers really want to quit, they will be able to do it alone (without help); (b) You can't forbid patients from doing what they want; (c) Patients will be upset if you talk to them about their smoking; (d) Stop-smoking medication has side effects that are more dangerous than smoking; (e) You have to be well trained to help smokers to quit (otherwise you can do more harm than good); (f) If you smoke yourself, you lack credibility; (g) If you have cancer, it is too late to quit; (h) Nicotine withdrawal is dangerous for heavy smokers; and (i) Smokers die earlier, thus reducing costs to the health system. Summary It is hoped that the counter-arguments presented here arm tobacco control advocates and practitioners working in health care settings, particularly in countries which have not prioritised tobacco control, to respond appropriately and convincingly to those opposed to the provision of tobacco dependence treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]