1. Unilateral pulmonary vein atresia presenting with recurrent haemoptysis in a child: a case report
- Author
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Wooi Kok Lim, Ing Ping Tang, Anne Rachel John, Kiew Siong Lau, Yek Kee Chor, Olive Pei Yi Lee, Martin Ngie Liong Wong, Hannah Pei Koon Tan, and King Ching Hii
- Subjects
Lung Diseases ,Hemoptysis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vascular Malformations ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Case Report ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,Hyperaemia ,Pneumonectomy ,0302 clinical medicine ,Bronchoscopy ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Lung ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,Haemoptysis ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,Pulmonary vein atresia ,Right pulmonary artery ,Surgery ,030228 respiratory system ,Foreign body aspiration ,Pulmonary Veins ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Angiography ,Etiology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Varices ,Bronchial varices - Abstract
Background Haemoptysis is an uncommon presenting symptom in children and is usually caused by acute lower respiratory tract infection or foreign body aspiration. We report a rare case of right unilateral pulmonary vein atresia (PVA) as the underlying aetiology of recurrent haemoptysis in a child. Case presentation A 4 years old girl presented with history of recurrent haemoptysis. Bronchoscopic evaluation excluded a foreign body aspiration but revealed right bronchial mucosal hyperaemia and varices. Diagnosis of right unilateral PVA was suspected on transthoracic echocardiography which demonstrated hypoplastic right pulmonary artery and non-visualization of right pulmonary veins. Final diagnosis was confirmed on cardiac CT angiography. A conservative treatment approach was opted with consideration for pneumonectomy in future when she is older. Conclusion Rarer causes should be considered when investigating for recurrent haemoptysis in children. Bronchoscopy and cardiac imaging are useful tools to establish the diagnosis of unilateral PVA in our case.
- Published
- 2020