18 results on '"Nan Jiang"'
Search Results
2. Clinical diagnosis and treatment of 37 cases of gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma
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Liu, Feng, Miao, Wentao, Nan, Jiang, Shi, Zhiyong, Zhang, Anhong, Bo, Yunfeng, and Xu, Jun
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- 2024
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3. DMAG, a novel countermeasure for the treatment of thrombocytopenia
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Nan Jiang, Yue-Song Wu, Long Wang, Jianming Wu, Hong Li, Xin Shen, Sha Liu, Jing Lin, and Jing Zeng
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Platelets ,Male ,Platelet Aggregation ,Megakaryocyte differentiation ,RM1-950 ,QD415-436 ,DMAG ,Biochemistry ,Flow cytometry ,Mice ,Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ,Platelet Adhesiveness ,Western blot ,Ellagic Acid ,Bleeding time ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Platelet ,Platelet activation ,Molecular Biology ,Genetics (clinical) ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Cell Differentiation ,Molecular medicine ,Thrombocytopenia ,Molecular Docking Simulation ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Female ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Megakaryocytes ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Research Article ,Network pharmacology - Abstract
Background Thrombocytopenia is one of the most common hematological disease that can be life-threatening caused by bleeding complications. However, the treatment options for thrombocytopenia remain limited. Methods In this study, giemsa staining, phalloidin staining, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to identify the effects of 3,3ʹ-di-O-methylellagic acid 4ʹ-glucoside (DMAG), a natural ellagic acid derived from Sanguisorba officinalis L. (SOL) on megakaryocyte differentiation in HEL cells. Then, thrombocytopenia mice model was constructed by X-ray irradiation to evaluate the therapeutic action of DMAG on thrombocytopenia. Furthermore, the effects of DMAG on platelet function were evaluated by tail bleeding time, platelet aggregation and platelet adhesion assays. Next, network pharmacology approaches were carried out to identify the targets of DMAG. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to elucidate the underling mechanism of DMAG against thrombocytopenia. Finally, molecular docking simulation, molecular dynamics simulation and western blot analysis were used to explore the relationship between DAMG with its targets. Results DMAG significantly promoted megakaryocyte differentiation of HEL cells. DMAG administration accelerated platelet recovery and megakaryopoiesis, shortened tail bleeding time, strengthened platelet aggregation and adhesion in thrombocytopenia mice. Network pharmacology revealed that ITGA2B, ITGB3, VWF, PLEK, TLR2, BCL2, BCL2L1 and TNF were the core targets of DMAG. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses suggested that the core targets of DMAG were enriched in PI3K–Akt signaling pathway, hematopoietic cell lineage, ECM-receptor interaction and platelet activation. Molecular docking simulation and molecular dynamics simulation further indicated that ITGA2B, ITGB3, PLEK and TLR2 displayed strong binding ability with DMAG. Finally, western blot analysis evidenced that DMAG up-regulated the expression of ITGA2B, ITGB3, VWF, p-Akt and PLEK. Conclusion DMAG plays a critical role in promoting megakaryocytes differentiation and platelets production and might be a promising medicine for the treatment of thrombocytopenia. Graphical Abstract
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- 2021
4. Perioperative coronary artery spasm after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in the non-manipulated coronary artery.
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Yunpeng Bai, Yiming Bai, Nan Jiang, Qingliang Chen, Zhigang Guo, Bai, Yunpeng, Bai, Yiming, Jiang, Nan, Chen, Qingliang, and Guo, Zhigang
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CORONARY artery bypass ,CORONARY arteries ,MUCOCUTANEOUS lymph node syndrome ,SPASMS ,CORONARY angiography ,ANGINA pectoris - Abstract
Background: Perioperative coronary artery spasm (CAS) following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a severe or lethal condition that is rarely reported. In addition, rare cases with CAS following CABG in the non-manipulated coronary artery are angiographically documented in the perioperative period. We aimed to report our experiences on the diagnosis and treatment of a case with CAS following off-pump CABG in the non-manipulated coronary artery.Methods: A 57-year old male with coronary heart disease and unstable angina willing to undergo CABG was admitted to our department. CABG was recommended as he showed 90% stenosis in distal left anterior descending artery, 90% stenosis in intermediate branch, 90% stenosis in left circumflex coronary artery, as well as 50% stenosis in proximal right coronary artery (RCA).Results: After CABG, the patient showed Adams-Stokes syndrome and ST-segment elevation. Then CPR was conducted and coronary angiography indicated perioperative CAS in the non-manipulated posterior descending artery. For the treatment, the patient received nitroglycerin injection into the coronary artery by catheter and pumping of diltiazem. Finally, the patient was discharged on day 7 after surgery. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to summarize the studies focused on the diagnosis and treatment of such condition, which indicated that all of the CAS cases occurred in the manipulated vessels, except one study showing CAS in the untouched native coronary artery which was similar with our case.Conclusions: Perioperative CAS in the non-manipulated coronary artery following CABG is a severe or lethal condition that is rarely reported, which deserves close attention by the clinicians in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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5. Mechanical load-induced H2S production by periodontal ligament stem cells activates M1 macrophages to promote bone remodeling and tooth movement via STAT1
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Yan Liu, Huajie Yu, Yanheng Zhou, Shengjie Cui, Danqing He, Xiaoxing Kou, Fuliang Liu, and Nan Jiang
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0301 basic medicine ,Cell signaling ,Periodontal ligament stem cells ,Tooth Movement Techniques ,Periodontal Ligament ,Macrophage polarization ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Stimulation ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) ,Mechanical load ,Bone remodeling ,lcsh:Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Periodontal fiber ,Animals ,lcsh:QD415-436 ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Hydrogen sulfide ,Chemistry ,Research ,Macrophages ,Stem Cells ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,030206 dentistry ,Cell Biology ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,Molecular Medicine ,Bone Remodeling ,Stem cell ,lcsh:Medicine (General) - Abstract
Background Tooth movement is a unique bone remodeling process induced by mechanical stimulation. Macrophages are important in mediating inflammatory processes during mechanical load-induced tooth movement. However, how macrophages are regulated under mechanical stimulation remains unclear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can modulate macrophage polarization during bone remodeling. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can be produced by MSCs and have been linked to bone homeostasis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether H2S contributed to periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC)-regulated macrophage polarization and bone remodeling under mechanical stimulation. Methods An experimental mechanical load-induced tooth movement animal model was established. Changes in cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), markers of M1/M2 macrophages, tooth movement distance, and the number of osteoclasts were examined. The conditioned medium of PDLSCs with or without mechanical loading was utilized to treat THP-1 derived macrophages for 24 h to further investigate the effect of PDLSCs on macrophage polarization. Different treatments with H2S donor, CBS inhibitor, or the inhibitor of STAT1 were used to investigate the related mechanism. Markers of M1/M2 polarization and STAT1 pathway expression were evaluated in macrophages. Results Mechanical load promoted tooth movement and increased the number of M1-like macrophages, M1-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the expression of CBS on the compression side of the periodontal ligament. The injection of CBS inhibitor or H2S donor could further repress or increase the number of M1-like macrophages, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclasts and the distance of tooth movement. Mechanistically, load-induced PDLSCs enhanced H2S production, which increased the expression of M1-associated cytokines in macrophages. These effects could be blocked by the administration of CBS inhibitor. Moreover, load-induced H2S steered M1 macrophage polarization via the STAT1 signaling pathway. Conclusions These data suggest a novel mechanism indicating that mechanical load-stimulated PDLSCs produce H2S to polarize macrophages toward the M1 phenotype via the STAT1 signaling pathway, which contributes to bone remodeling and tooth movement process. These results provide new insights into the role of PDLSCs in regulating macrophage polarization and mediating bone remodeling under mechanical stimulation, and indicate that appropriate H2S supplementation may accelerate tooth movement.
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- 2020
6. Diagnostic performance of individual characteristics and anthropometric measurements in detecting elevated serum alanine aminotransferase among children and adolescents
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Jing Zhang, Chao-Nan Jiang, Yue-Rong Lai, Zan Ding, and Yu-Lan Ou
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Anthropometric measurement ,Overweight ,Body Mass Index ,Elevated serum ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Reference Values ,Internal medicine ,BMI-z ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Obesity ,Alanine aminotransferase ,Child ,Screening study ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Body Weight ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,Area under the curve ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,Alanine Transaminase ,Anthropometry ,Body Height ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Body mass index ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Screening for elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) can help identifying individuals at the risks of chronic and metabolic diseases, but blood collection is invasive and cannot be widely used for investigations. Considered as simple and inexpensive screening indices, individual characteristics and anthropometric measurements can be measured in a large crowd and may be important surrogate markers for ALAT levels. This study aimed to examine the diagnostic performance of individual characteristics and anthropometric parameters as predictive factors for discerning an elevated ALAT activity among Shenzhen children and adolescents. Methods A school-based screening study was performed from 9 high schools in Shenzhen during February 2017 and June 2018. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to examine the diagnostic performance of each variable for detecting elevated ALAT. Results Altogether 7271 students aged 9–17 years were involved. The proportion of elevated ALAT greatly increased with increasing classification of BMI-z. By the sex-specific cut-offs for elevated ALAT (30 U/L boys; 19 U/L girls), BMI showed the highest area under the curve of 0.789 (95% CI 0.765–0.812) and followed by weight (0.779 [0.755–0.802]), BMI-z (0.747 [0.722–0.772]), height (0.622 [0.597–0.647]), and age (0.608 [0.584–0.632]), while height-z was not capable. With the cut-off of 67.8 kg for weight and 22.6 kg/m2 for BMI, the accuracy to identify elevated ALAT was 87.1% for weight and 82.9% for BMI. Conclusions The presence of elevated ALAT was more common in overweight or obese children and adolescents. BMI and weight had the superiority of detecting elevated ALAT, followed by BMI-z, height, and age.
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- 2020
7. A maternally inherited 8.05 Mb Xq21 deletion associated with Choroideremia, deafness, and mental retardation syndrome in a male patient
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Xiaohu Jiang, Nan Jiang, Siying Liang, Shuo Li, and Dongyi Yu
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:QH426-470 ,Hearing loss ,Case Report ,Deafness ,Biochemistry ,Choroideremia ,03 medical and health sciences ,Intellectual disability ,Genetics ,medicine ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,SNP ,Xq21 ,Molecular Biology ,Genetics (clinical) ,SNP arrays ,business.industry ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Cytogenetics ,Mental retardation ,medicine.disease ,Phenotype ,eye diseases ,Human genetics ,lcsh:Genetics ,030104 developmental biology ,Male patient ,Molecular Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background Deletions in Xq21 cause various congenital defects in males including choroideremia, deafness and mental retardation, depending on their size and gene content. Until now only a limited number of patients with Xq21 deletions has been reported. Case presentation Here we describe a 17-year-old male with choroideremia, deafness, and mental retardation syndrome. Using SNP arrays, an 8.05 Mb deletion in Xq21 was identified inherited from the apparently healthy mother. The deleted region harbors 12 OMIM genes, of which POU3F4, CHM, and ZNF711 might have contributed to the patient’s phenotype including hearing loss, poor vision, and intellectual disability. Moreover, the patient’s mother exhibits a normal phenotype while carrying the same deletion, which is often observed in previous studies on female carriers in families with this syndrome. Conclusions Our study confirms the causative effect between the Xq21 deletion in males and choroideremia, deafness and mental retardation.
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- 2017
8. A maternally inherited 8.05 Mb Xq21 deletion associated with Choroideremia, deafness, and mental retardation syndrome in a male patient.
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Siying Liang, Nan Jiang, Shuo Li, Xiaohu Jiang, and Dongyi Yu
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CHOROIDEREMIA , *GENETIC disorders , *INTELLECTUAL disabilities , *DEAFNESS , *NIGHT blindness - Abstract
Background: Deletions in Xq21 cause various congenital defects in males including choroideremia, deafness and mental retardation, depending on their size and gene content. Until now only a limited number of patients with Xq21 deletions has been reported. Case presentation: Here we describe a 17-year-old male with choroideremia, deafness, and mental retardation syndrome. Using SNP arrays, an 8.05 Mb deletion in Xq21 was identified inherited from the apparently healthy mother. The deleted region harbors 12 OMIM genes, of which POU3F4, CHM, and ZNF711 might have contributed to the patient’s phenotype including hearing loss, poor vision, and intellectual disability. Moreover, the patient’s mother exhibits a normal phenotype while carrying the same deletion, which is often observed in previous studies on female carriers in families with this syndrome. Conclusions: Our study confirms the causative effect between the Xq21 deletion in males and choroideremia, deafness and mental retardation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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9. The clinicopathological parameters and prognostic significance of HER2 expression in gastric cancer patients: a meta-analysis of literature.
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Yu-ying Lei, Jin-yu Huang, Qiong-rui Zhao, Nan Jiang, Hui-mian Xu, Zhen-ning Wang, Hai-qing Li, Shi-bo Zhang, and Zhe Sun
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STOMACH cancer patients ,STOMACH cancer treatment ,HER2 gene ,GENE expression ,TRASTUZUMAB ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is regarded as an important and promising target in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancers. However, the correlation of clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance of HER2 overexpression in gastric cancer patients remains unclear. Our aim was to clarify this issue. Methods: Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant articles published up to May 2016. Outcomes of interest contained sex, age, tumor size, tumor site, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis, Lauren's classification, differentiation grade, lymphovascular invasion, neural invasion, and multivariate analysis data for overall survival. Results: A total of 41 studies of 17,494 gastric cancer patients were identified with HER2 test. HER2 positive rate was 19. 07% (95% CI = 9.16, 28.98). There existed statistical significance between HER2 overexpression and patients' prognosis (RR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.09, 1.98). Male patients (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.34, 1.65), proximal tumors (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.07, 1.47), intestinal-type tumors (OR = 3.37, 95% CI = 2.54, 4.47), advanced stage cancers (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.10, 1.66), lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.14, 1.41), well-differentiated cancers (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.15, 2.76), and distant metastasis (OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.08, 3.38) were correlated with higher HER2 expression rates. However, no statistical differences existed in age, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, or neural invasion. Subgroup analysis revealed that HER2 expression rates reported in articles from Asian (19.52%) countries were quantitatively higher than those from European (16.91%) areas. Results were consistent with those reports that define HER2 status according to trastuzumab for gastric cancer (ToGA) criteria. Conclusion: This study showed that HER2 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. HER2 positive rates may be associated with sex, tumor site, TNM staging system, distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis, Lauren's classification, and differentiation grade in gastric cancer patients. The HER2 expression rate in Asians may be higher than that in Europeans. This study offers a convenient way for doctors to select patients for relevant HER2 detection and following treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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10. miRNA-135a promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion by targeting forkhead box O1.
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Yue-Bin Zeng, Xing-Hua Liang, Guang-Xian Zhang, Nan Jiang, Tong Zhang, Jian-Ying Huang, Lei Zhang, and Xian-Cheng Zeng
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LIVER cancer ,CANCER-related mortality ,MICRORNA ,NON-coding RNA ,CANCER cell proliferation - Abstract
Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Many microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, are involved in regulating cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Main methods: We investigated the expression of miR-135a in HCC cell lines and clinical tissues. The effect of miR- 135a on migration and invasion of HepG2 and MHCC-97L were examined using wound healing and Transwell assay. We determined the expression of miR-135a, forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and Snail using real-time PCR and western blotting. Key findings: We found miR-135a was upregulated in HCC cell lines and tissues. miR-135a overexpression promoted HCC cells migration and invasion, whereas miR-135a inhibition suppressed HCC cells migration and invasion. miR- 135a overexpression could upregulate the expression of MMP2, Snail and the phosphorylation of AKT, but decreased FOXO3a phosporylation. Tumor suppressor FOXO1 was the direct target for miR-135a. Significance: Our results suggested that miR-135a might play an important role in promoting migration and invasion in HCC and presents a novel mechanism of miRNA-mediated direct suppression of FOXO1 in HCC cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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11. Electronic cigarette use among adolescents: a cross-sectional study in Hong Kong.
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Nan Jiang, Man Ping Wang, Sai Yin Ho, Lok Tung Leung, Tai Hing Lam, Jiang, Nan, Wang, Man Ping, Ho, Sai Yin, Leung, Lok Tung, and Lam, Tai Hing
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ELECTRONIC cigarettes , *SMOKING , *SMOKING paraphernalia , *CIGARETTES , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *STUDENTS , *SURVEYS , *CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Background: Little is known about electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among Chinese adolescents. We examined the prevalence of current (past 30-day) e-cigarette use and its associated factors in a large sample of adolescents in Hong Kong.Methods: We analyzed data of the School-based Survey on Smoking among Students 2012/13 from a representative sample of 45,857 secondary school students (mean age: 14.8 ± 1.9). We conducted chi-square tests and t-test to compare current e-cigarette use by covariates. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between current e-cigarette use and demographic variables, parental smoking, peer smoking, knowledge about the harm of cigarette smoking, attitudes toward cigarette smoking, cigarette smoking status, use of other tobacco products, and alcohol consumption.Results: Overall, 1.1% of students reported current e-cigarette use. Of e-cigarette users, 11.7% were never-cigarette smokers, 15.8% were experimental cigarette smokers, 39.3% were former cigarette smokers, and 33.2% were current cigarette smokers. Current e-cigarette use was associated with male sex, poor knowledge about the harm of smoking, cigarette smoking, use of other tobacco products, and alcohol consumption.Conclusions: Surveillance and intervention efforts should address a wide range of tobacco products, including e-cigarettes. Tobacco cessation programs should also address alcohol use collectively. Policies prohibiting e-cigarette sales to minors may help prevent e-cigarette uptake among adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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12. Two di-leucine motifs regulate trafficking and function of mouse ASIC2a.
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Junjun Wu, Tiandong Leng, Lan Jing, Nan Jiang, Daijie Chen, Youjia Hu, Zhi-Gang Xiong, and Xiang-ming Zha
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ACID-sensing ion channels ,NEURAL physiology ,PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of leucine ,LABORATORY mice ,CURRENT density (Electromagnetism) ,HYDROGEN-ion concentration - Abstract
Background: Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are proton-gated cation channels that mediate acid-induced responses in neurons. ASICs are important for mechanosensation, learning and memory, fear, pain, and neuronal injury. ASIC2a is widely expressed in the nervous system and modulates ASIC channel trafficking and activity in both central and peripheral systems. Here, to better understand mechanisms regulating ASIC2a, we searched for potential protein motifs that regulate ASIC2a trafficking. Results and conclusions: We identified a LLDLL sequence in the C-terminal juxtamembrane region of ASIC2a. Deleting or mutating the LLDLL sequence increased total expression and surface levels of ASIC2a in CHO cells. Mutating either of the two LL motifs had a similar effect. We further assessed ASIC2a localization in organotypic hippocampal slice neurons. The LL motif mutants exhibited increased dendritic trafficking and elevated targeting to dendritic spines. Consistent with an efficient trafficking, the LL motif mutants increased acid-activated current density. In addition, mutating the second LL motif increased pH sensitivity of the channel. These data identify the LL motifs as a negative regulator of ASIC2a trafficking and function, and suggest novel regulatory mechanisms in acid signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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13. A retrospective analysis of eleven cases of invasive rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis presented with orbital apex syndrome initially.
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Nan Jiang, Guiqiu Zhao, Shanshan Yang, Jing Lin, Liting Hu, Chengye Che, Qian Wang, Qiang Xu, Jiang, Nan, Zhao, Guiqiu, Yang, Shanshan, Lin, Jing, Hu, Liting, Che, Chengye, Wang, Qian, and Xu, Qiang
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MUCORMYCOSIS ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,OCULAR manifestations of general diseases ,DIABETES ,IMMUNOCOMPROMISED patients ,DEBRIDEMENT ,OPTIC nerve ,SURGICAL decompression - Abstract
Background: Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis(ROCM) is an invasive fungal infection that usually occurs in immunocompromised patients and sometimes presents as orbital apex syndrome(OAS) initially. It is rapidly fatal without an early diagnosis and treatment. We report the cases of invasive ROCM presenting with OAS initially in order to raise the attention of clinicians.Methods: We retrospectively investigated eleven cases of invasive ROCM presenting initially with OAS admitted between January 2006 and December 2013. We analyzed clinical features, results of laboratory and radiological examinations, nasal endoscopy, aggressive surgical excision and debridement, and medical management outcomes of each case.Results: A total of eleven cases of invasive ROCM with OAS as an initial sign were presented. Mucormycosis was accompanied by type II diabetes mellitus in nine cases, renal transplant in one case, and injury caused by traffic accident in one case. Anterior rhinoscopy revealed palatine or nasal necrotic lesions in all patients, and transethmoidal optic nerve decompression was carried out in three patients at the same time. CT scan revealed rhino-orbital-cerebral involvement in every patient. All patients were given intravenous amphotericin B. Nine patients underwent surgical debridement of necrotic tissue. Three patients survived.Conclusions: ROCM is a severe, emergent and fatal infection requiring multidisciplinary management. It may often present with OAS initially. For ophthalmologist, mucormycosis must be considered in immunocompromised patients presenting with OAS initially, and anterior rhinoscopy is imperative before hormonotherapy, even in the cases absent of ketoacidosis induced by diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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14. Lifelong learning of Chinese rural physicians: preliminary psychometrics and influencing factors.
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Honghe Li, Ziwei Wang, Nan Jiang, Yang Liu, and Deliang Wen
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PHYSICIANS ,RURAL geography ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,MEDICAL education ,MEDICAL research - Abstract
Background: There are more than 4.9 million rural health workers undertaking the health care need of rural population of over 629 million in China. The lifelong learning of physicians is vital in maintaining up-to-date and qualified health care, but rural physicians in many developing countries lack adequate medical professional developments. There has also been no empirical research focused on the lifelong learning of rural physician populations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the primary levels of lifelong learning of the rural physicians and to analyze group differences. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 1197 rural physicians using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Lifelong Learning (JSPLL). Cronbach's a coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls test were performed to analyze the data. Results: For Chinese rural physicians, the JSPLL was reliable (Cronbach's a coefficient = 0.872) and valid, with exploratory factor analysis fitting a 3-factor model and accounting for a total of 60.46% of the variance. The mean lifelong learning score was 45.56. Rural physicians generally performed worse in the technical skills in seeking information domain. Rural physicians with 21-30 working years have a lower score of lifelong learning (P < 0.05) than other phases of working years. Career satisfaction and professional titles had a significantly positive influence on physicians' orientation towards lifelong learning (P < 0.05). The overall lifelong learning scores of physicians who received more training after completion of medical school were higher than those with less additional post-medical school training (P <0.05). Conclusions: The JSPLL is effective for the Chinese rural physician population. In order to cope with impacting factors on rural physicians' lifelong learning, the results of the study reinforced the importance of continuing medical education and career satisfaction for lifelong learning and the need for medical schools and hospitals to provide reasonable strategies and necessary support for rural physicians with different amounts of working years. Providing rural physicians more educational opportunities and helping them access educational resources may be an effective strategy for improving their orientation to lifelong learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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15. Downregulation of miR-610 promotes proliferation and tumorigenicity and activates Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Xian-Cheng Zeng, Fo-Qiu Liu, Rong Yan, Hui-Min Yi, Tong Zhang, Guo-Ying Wang, Yang Li, and Nan Jiang
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LIVER cancer ,MICRORNA ,NEOPLASTIC cell transformation ,CATENINS ,WNT genes ,CELL proliferation ,CELLULAR signal transduction ,DOWNREGULATION - Abstract
Background Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway plays important roles in human cancer progression. Better understanding the mechanism underlying regulation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway might provide novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Methods miR-610 expression levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines, HCC tissues and 76 archived HCC specimens were determined using real-time PCR. Cell viability was measured by 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The level of DNA synthesis was determined by BrdU incorporation assay. Flow cytometry analysis was used to analyze cell cycle progression. The cells proliferation and tumorigenesis were determined by colony formation and anchorage-independent growth assays in vitro, and by xenograft tumors in vivo. Luciferase assay and micro-ribonucleoprotein complex immunoprecipitation assay were used to confirm the association of the targeted mRNAs with miR-610. Results miR-610 was downregulated in human HCC cells and tissues, and correlated with HCC progression and patient survival. Inhibition of miR-610 promoted, but overexpression of miR-610 reduced, HCC cell proliferation and tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that inhibiting miR-610 activated, but overexpressing miR-610 decreased, the Wnt/ß-catenin activity through directly suppressing lipoprotein receptorrelated protein 6 (LRP6) and transducin ß-like protein 1 (TBL1X). The in vitro analysis was consistent with the inverse correlation detected between miR-610 levels with expression of LRP6 and TBL1X in a cohort of human HCC samples. Conclusions Our results indicate that miR-610 downregulation plays essential roles in HCC progression and reduced miR-610 is correlated with Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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16. Association between tobacco and alcohol use among young adult bar patrons: a cross-sectional study in three cities.
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Nan Jiang, Lee, Youn O., and Ling, Pamela M.
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ALCOHOL drinking , *TOBACCO , *CROSS-sectional method , *NIGHTCLUBS , *SUBSTANCE-induced disorders , *EDUCATION , *LOGISTIC regression analysis - Abstract
Background Bars and nightclubs are key public venues where young adults congregate and use both tobacco and alcohol, and young adult bar patrons are at high risk for substance use. This study examined the association between cigarette smoking and alcohol use among a random sample of young adult bar patrons from three different cities in the USA. Methods Cross-sectional data was collected from a random sample of young adult bar patrons aged 18-29 in San Diego, CA (N = 1,150), Portland, ME (N = 1,019), and Tulsa, OK (N = 1,106) from 2007-2010 (response rate 88%) using randomized time location sampling. Respondents reported the number of days they smoked cigarettes, drank alcohol, and binge drank in the past 30 days. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the association between smoking (nonsmoker, occasional smoker, and regular smoker) and drinking and binge drinking for each city controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education. Predicted probabilities of each smoking category were calculated by drinking and binge drinking status. The association between smoking and drinking and binge drinking among combined samples was also analyzed, controlling for demographic variables and city. Results Respondents reported high current smoking rates, ranging from 51% in Portland to 58% in Tulsa. Respondents in Tulsa were more likely to report regular smoking than those in San Diego and Portland, with demographic variables being controlled. Young adult bar patrons also exhibited a strong association between smoking and drinking. In general, as the frequency of drinking and binge drinking increased, the predicted probability of being a smoker, especially a regular smoker, increased in each city. Conclusions Young adult bar patrons consistently reported a high smoking rate and a strong relationship between smoking and drinking, regardless of the different bar cultures and tobacco control contexts in each of the three cities. While smoke-free bar policies were negatively associated with regular smoking, these policies alone may not be enough to influence the association between smoking and drinking, particularly if tobacco marketing continues in these venues, or in the absence of programs specifically addressing the co-use of tobacco and alcohol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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17. Down-regulation of the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase gene in switchgrass reveals a novel monolignol analog.
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Tschaplinski, Timothy J., Standaert, Robert F., Engle, Nancy L., Martin, Madhavi Z., Sangha, Amandeep K., Parks, Jerry M., Smith, Jeremy C., Samuel, Reichel, Nan Jiang, Yunqiao Pu, Ragauskas, Arthur J., Hamilton, Choo Y., Chunxiang Fu, Zeng-Yu Wang, Davison, Brian H., Dixon, Richard A., and Mielenz, Jonathan R.
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ALCOHOL ,SWITCHGRASS ,METABOLITES ,CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis ,FERMENTATION ,PHENOLIC acids - Abstract
Background: Down-regulation of the caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase EC 2.1.1.68 (COMT) gene in the lignin biosynthetic pathway of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) resulted in cell walls of transgenic plants releasing more constituent sugars after pretreatment by dilute acid and treatment with glycosyl hydrolases from an added enzyme preparation and from Clostridium thermocellum. Fermentation of both wild-type and transgenic switchgrass after milder hot water pretreatment with no water washing showed that only the transgenic switchgrass inhibited C. thermocellum. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS)-based metabolomics were undertaken on cell wall aqueous extracts to determine the nature of the microbial inhibitors. Results: GCMS confirmed the increased concentration of a number of phenolic acids and aldehydes that are known inhibitors of microbial fermentation. Metabolomic analyses of the transgenic biomass additionally revealed the presence of a novel monolignol-like metabolite, identified as trans-3, 4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol (iso-sinapyl alcohol) in both non-pretreated, as well as hot water pretreated samples. iso-Sinapyl alcohol and itsglucoside were subsequently generated by organic synthesis and the identity of natural and synthetic materials were confirmed by mass spectrometric and NMR analyses. The additional novel presence of iso-sinapic acid, iso-sinapyl aldehyde, and iso-syringin suggest the increased activity of a para-methyltransferase, concomitant with the reduced COMT activity, a strict meta-methyltransferase. Quantum chemical calculations were used to predict the most likely homodimeric lignans generated from dehydration reactions, but these products were not evident in plant samples. Conclusions: Down-regulation of COMT activity in switchgrass resulted in the accumulation of previously undetected metabolites resembling sinapyl alcohol and its related metabolites, but that are derived from para-methylation of 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol, and related precursors and products; the accumulation of which suggests altered metabolism of 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol in switchgrass. Given that there was no indication that iso-sinapyl alcohol was integrated in cell walls, it is considered a monolignol analog. Diversion of substrates from sinapyl alcohol to free iso-sinapyl alcohol, its glucoside, and associated upstream lignin pathway changes, including increased phenolic aldehydes and acids, are together associated with more facile cell wall deconstruction, and to the observed inhibitory effect on microbial growth. However, iso-sinapyl alcohol and iso-sinapic acid, added separately to media, were not inhibitory to C. thermocellum cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Prevention of hyperglycemia-induced myocardial apoptosis by gene silencing of Toll-like receptor-4.
- Author
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Yuwei Zhang, Tianqing Peng, Huaqing Zhu, Xiufen Zheng, Xusheng Zhang, Nan Jiang, Xiaoshu Cheng, Xiaoyan Lai, Shunnar, Aminah, Singh, Manpreet, Riordan, Neil, Bogin, Vladimir, Nanwei Tong, and Wei-Ping Min
- Subjects
HYPERGLYCEMIA ,APOPTOSIS ,DIABETES ,CARDIOMYOPATHIES ,GENE silencing - Abstract
Background: Apoptosis is an early event involved in cardiomyopathy associated with diabetes mellitus. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling triggers cell apoptosis through multiple mechanisms. Up-regulation of TLR4 expression has been shown in diabetic mice. This study aimed to delineate the role of TLR4 in myocardial apoptosis, and to block this process through gene silencing of TLR4 in the myocardia of diabetic mice. Methods: Diabetes was induced in C57/BL6 mice by the injection of streptozotocin. Diabetic mice were treated with 50 μg of TLR4 siRNA or scrambled siRNA as control. Myocardial apoptosis was determined by TUNEL assay. Results: After 7 days of hyperglycemia, the level of TLR4 mRNA in myocardial tissue was significantly elevated. Treatment of TLR4 siRNA knocked down gene expression as well as diminished its elevation in diabetic mice. Apoptosis was evident in cardiac tissues of diabetic mice as detected by a TUNEL assay. In contrast, treatment with TLR4 siRNA minimized apoptosis in myocardial tissues. Mechanistically, caspase-3 activation was significantly inhibited in mice that were treated with TLR4 siRNA, but not in mice treated with control siRNA. Additionally, gene silencing of TLR4 resulted in suppression of apoptotic cascades, such as Fas and caspase-3 gene expression. TLR4 deficiency resulted in inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and NADPH oxidase activity, suggesting suppression of hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis by TLR4 is associated with attenuation of oxidative stress to the cardiomyocytes. Conclusions: In summary, we present novel evidence that TLR4 plays a critical role in cardiac apoptosis. This is the first demonstration of the prevention of cardiac apoptosis in diabetic mice through silencing of the TLR4 gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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