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Start Over Author "Spotin, A" Publisher biomed central
8 results on '"Spotin, A"'

7. Nanostructured lipid carriers of ivermectin as a novel drug delivery system in hydatidosis

Author

Hamed Hamishehkar, Maryam Mohammadi, Peyman Heydarian, Roghayeh Norouzi, Gregorio Perez-Cordon, Saba Rajabi, Ehsan Ahmadpour, Sanam Nami, Zahra Godrati-Azar, and Adel Spotin

Subjects
Drug, Genotyping Techniques, media_common.quotation_subject, Mebendazole, Apoptosis, DNA Fragmentation, Biology, Pharmacology, Nano lipid carriers, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Albendazole, Electron Transport Complex IV, Ivermectin, In vivo, Echinococcosis, medicine, Animals, lcsh:RC109-216, RNA, Messenger, Echinococcus granulosus, media_common, Scolicidal, Analysis of Variance, Drug Carriers, Sheep, Antiparasitic Agents, urogenital system, Caspase 3, Research, biology.organism_classification, Lipids, Nanostructures, Treatment, Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Hydatid cyst, Drug delivery, embryonic structures, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background The larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent of hydatid disease in humans. This zoonotic parasitic infection remains a major health problem in certain areas of the world where is still endemic. In view of the ineffectiveness of some drug treatments, the surgical removal of cysts remains the preferred treatment option together with the administration of albendazole and mebendazole. However, severe side effects of these drugs have been reported which demands developing new scolicidal agents that confer suitable efficacy and fewer side effects during surgery. Methods To that purpose, in the present work we assessed the effectiveness of ivermectin (IVM), a macrocyclic lactone endectocide that has shown to be an effective nematocidal drug against other important parasitic infections. To overcome the limitations observed in some drug formulations and resistance, we used nano lipid carriers (NLCs) as a targeted and sustained drug delivery system for IVM. We evaluated the in vitro cestocidal and apoptotic effects of NLCs-loaded IVM versus IVM by quantifying the expression of caspase-3 mRNA. Results We found that after 60 and 120 min of administration, 800 μg/ml and 400 μg/ml NLCs-loaded IVM induced 100% mortality, respectively. On the other hand, the 800 μg/ml of IVM induced 100% mortality rate 150 min after administration. Additionally, we found that NLCs-loaded IVM induced higher mRNA caspase-3 expression suggesting a more potent apoptotic effect on the parasite. Conclusions These data suggest that NLCs-loaded IVM may be a promising alternative to current treatments although in vivo studies are needed.

Published
2019

8. The first morphometric and phylogenetic perspective on molecular epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in stray dogs in a hyperendemic Middle East focus, northwestern Iran.

Author

Shariatzadeh, Seyyed Ali, Spotin, Adel, Gholami, Shirzad, Fallah, Esmaeil, Hazratian, Teimour, Mahami-Oskouei, Mahmoud, Montazeri, Fattaneh, Moslemzadeh, Hamid Reza, and Shahbazi, Abbas

Subjects
*MOLECULAR epidemiology, *ECHINOCOCCOSIS, *PHYLOGENY, *ECHINOCOCCUS granulosus, *ZOONOSES, *FERAL dogs, *DISEASES
Abstract

Background: Hydatidosis is considered to be a neglected cyclo-zoonotic disease in Middle East countries particularly northwestern Iran which is caused by metacestode of tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. Human hydatidosis is a high public health priority in the area, however there is little known from a morphometric and phylogenetic perspective on molecular epidemiology of adult Echinococcus spp. in Iranian stray dogs. Methods: 80 dogs (38 males and 42 females) were collected during June 2013 to April 2014 in northwestern Iran. The isolated parasites from each dog were distinguished by morphometric keys including small, large hook length and blade length. Subsequently, isolates were confirmed by sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene. Results: 16 (8 males and 8 females) (Prevalence 20 %) out of 80 dogs were infected to genus Echinococcus. With regard to demographic factors, the frequency of parasitism in both male, female adults and their age groups showed no difference (P > 0.05). The phylogenetic analyses of cox1 sequences firmly revealed the 13 sheep strains (G1), one buffalo strain (G3), one camel strain (G6) and one mixed infection. The findings of rostellar hook morphology show an intraspecies variation range among G1 isolates. However, hook measurements in Echinococcus derived from G1 (sheep strain) were not a significant difference from those G6 and G3 strains. Six unique haplotypes were identified containing a high range of diversity (Haplotype diversity 0.873 vs. Nucleotide diversity 0.02). Conclusions: First presence of camel strain (G6) in this region seems to indicate that potential intermediate hosts play a secondary role in the maintenance of camel-dog biology. Current findings have heightened our knowledge about determination of Echinococcus prevalence, strains of taxonomy and genotypic trait of parasite in Iranian stray dogs which will also help in the development of strategies for monitoring and control of infected stray dogs in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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