1. Non-islet cell tumour-induced hypoglycaemia: a review of the literature including two new cases.
- Author
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de Groot JW, Rikhof B, van Doorn J, Bilo HJ, Alleman MA, Honkoop AH, and van der Graaf WT
- Subjects
- Aged, 80 and over, Blood Glucose metabolism, Female, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor II genetics, Male, Middle Aged, Palliative Care, Pancreatic Neoplasms genetics, Pancreatic Neoplasms therapy, RNA, Messenger genetics, Hypoglycemia etiology, Pancreatic Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
This review focuses on the tumour types and symptoms associated with non-islet cell tumour-induced hypoglycaemia (NICTH) as well as the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of this rare paraneoplastic phenomenon. In addition, we report two illustrative cases of patients suffering from NICTH caused by a solid fibrous tumour and a haemangiopericytoma respectively. In the first case, NICTH resolved following complete resection of the tumour, but in the second case the patient needed long-term treatment aimed at controlling hypoglycaemia because of non-resectable metastases. Many tumour types have been associated with NICTH. The crucial event in the development of NICTH seems to be overexpression of the IGF-II gene by the tumour. NICTH is characterised by recurrent fasting hypoglycaemia and is associated with the secretion of incompletely processed precursors of IGF-II ('big'-IGF-II) by the tumour. This induces dramatic secondary changes in the circulating levels of insulin, GH, IGF-I and IGF-binding proteins, resulting in an insulin-like hypoglycaemic activity of 'big'-IGF-II.
- Published
- 2007
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