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Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman aristocrat, politician, and general who used his military success to gain political dominance during the closing years of the Roman Republic. His Gallic Wars represent one of the largest acquisitions of territory by a single Roman general and brought Caesar the wealth, prestige, and veteran army that allowed him to establish himself through force as dictator in Rome. Far-reaching political and social reforms followed, until on the eve of leaving Rome for a campaign against the Parthians, Caesar was assassinated by a conspiracy of former enemies and allies. Keywords: ancient history; biography; Roman history