1. Induced thiacloprid insensitivity in honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) is associated with up-regulation of detoxification genes.
- Author
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Alptekin S, Bass C, Nicholls C, Paine MJ, Clark SJ, Field L, and Moores GD
- Subjects
- Anabasine pharmacology, Animals, Bees metabolism, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System drug effects, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Insecticides pharmacology, Neonicotinoids, Pyridines pharmacology, Thiazines pharmacology, Transcriptional Activation drug effects, Bees drug effects, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System genetics, Inactivation, Metabolic genetics
- Abstract
Honey bees, Apis mellifera, are markedly less sensitive to neonicotinoid insecticides containing a cyanoimino pharmacophore than to those with a nitroimino group. Although previous work has suggested that this results from enhanced metabolism of the former by detoxification enzymes, the specific enzyme(s) involved remain to be characterized. In this work, a pretreatment of honey bees with a sublethal dose of thiacloprid resulted in induced insensitivity to the same compound immediately following thiacloprid feeding. A longer pretreatment time resulted in no, or increased, sensitivity. Transcriptome profiling, using microarrays, identified a number of genes encoding detoxification enzymes that were over-expressed significantly in insecticide-treated bees compared with untreated controls. These included five P450s, CYP6BE1, CYP305D1, CYP6AS5, CYP315A1, CYP301A1, and a carboxyl/cholinesterase (CCE) CCE8. Four of these P450s were functionally expressed in Escherichia coli and their ability to metabolize thiacloprid examined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis., (© 2016 The Royal Entomological Society.)
- Published
- 2016
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