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Background: The etiology of dental fear (DF) is multifactorial and involves other contributing factors than dental traumatic experiences., Aim: To study, among adolescents, associations between DF and exposure to child physical abuse (CPA), intimate partner violence (IPV), and bullying., Design: We extracted data from a population-based survey of 4977 adolescents who were 15-17 years old in 2017. The questionnaire queried socioeconomic background factors, DF, self-perceived oral health, general health, and exposure to child abuse. To estimate associations between DF and exposure to child abuse, we used multivariate logistic regression analysis., Results: Overall, 8.2% reported DF, girls (10.5%) reported DF significantly more often than boys (5%), and adolescents not identifying themselves as girl or boy reported the highest prevalence of DF (25.5%; p < .001). 15.3% had been exposed to child physical abuse; 11.1%, to IPV; and 11.2%, to bullying. Experiences of IPV and bullying, but not physical abuse, were statistically significantly associated with DF. The odds of developing DF for adolescents exposed to any type of violence was 1.9 times the odds for adolescents with no exposure to child abuse., Conclusion: Exposure to violence is associated with dental fear in adolescents., (© 2022 The Authors. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry published by BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are multifactorial, and high levels of stress seem to increase symptoms. The association with exposure to violence has not been explored in adolescent populations., Objective: To examine the association of self-reported symptoms of temporomandibular pain and jaw dysfunction with child physical abuse, intimate partner violence, forced sexual intercourse, and bullying victimisation., Methods: An epidemiological, cross-sectional, school-based study was conducted in Olinda, northeast Brazil. The sample comprised 2,431 adolescents aged 14-19 years. TMD-related symptoms and exposure to violence were assessed with questions from the 3Q/TMD screener and queries on exposure to different forms of violence. Multilevel logistic regressions were conducted to evaluate how 3Q screen-positive responses are associated with self-reported exposure to violence., Results: Self-reported TMD-related symptoms had a prevalence of 40.5%. Significantly more females than males screened positive to all 3Q/TMD questions (p < .001). Adolescents experiencing intimate partner violence (p = .012) and bullying (p < .001) had significantly higher odds of 3Q positive responses than those who reported no exposure to violence. Significant associations of TMD-related symptoms with forced sexual intercourse (p = .014) and with bullying (p = .007) were observed., Conclusion: Adolescents with self-reported symptoms of temporomandibular pain and jaw dysfunction were significantly more often exposed to some type of violence. The number of adolescents reporting TMD-related symptoms increased in a dose-response manner with the number of violence forms the individual had experienced., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Self-perceived oral health (SPOH) is a summary of multiple determinants related to oral health and has been suggested for use in clinical practice as a health assessment tool., Aim: To analyse determinants of SPOH among adolescents., Design: In 2018, we selected 1742 participants from eight high schools in Olinda/PE, Brazil, using a multistage stratified cluster sample. The main survey item of SPOH was 'How would you rate your oral health'. Determinants of were queried with a questionnaire and a clinical examination: socio-demographic variables, exposure to family violence, somatic symptoms, and orofacial and general health factors. Pearson's chi-square test and logistic regressions evaluated associations between determinants and SPOH., Results: Very poor SPOH had a prevalence of 8.7%. Nearly half (43.5%) rated their oral health as 'fair'. Very poor SPOH was associated with poor self-perceived general health (OR = 2.60), anterior open bite (OR = 2.24), not cohabiting with one or both parents (OR = 2.40), caries experience (OR = 1.93), dental pain (OR = 1.91), and temporomandibular disorders (OR = 1.77)., Conclusion: Very poor self-perceived oral health indicates life stress and associates with poor oral conditions. Assessments should be used to explore individual treatment needs and abilities to comply with recommendations., (© 2020 The Authors. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry published by BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Since birth outcome is associated with maternal and newborn health, it can be a predictor of the future health of the child., Aim: To investigate the association between adverse birth outcomes and dental caries., Design: The present registry-based cohort study included all children born in 2000-2003, residing in Stockholm County, Sweden and who received a dental examination at the age of 3 years (n = 74 748). National registries supplied data on socioeconomic conditions, maternal health, maternal health behavior, and birth outcomes. Forward stepwise binary logistic regression was performed to determine predictors of caries experience in the 3-year-olds., Results: Of the subjects, 6.0% had caries experience (decayed, extracted, and filled teeth [deft] ≥ 1), 5.6% were born preterm (<37 weeks); 2.2% were born small (SGA) and 3.7% large (LGA) for gestational age. Of the studied adverse birth outcomes, only SGA was significantly associated with caries experience at 3 years of age, and only for mothers who had refrained from smoking during pregnancy., Conclusions: SGA is associated with caries experience in 3-year-old children; however, this relationship occurs only in mothers who did not smoke during pregnancy., (© 2020 The Authors. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry published by BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: No longitudinal study has evaluated the mutual relationship between dental fear and oral health in the same investigation., Aim: To evaluate the reciprocal longitudinal relationship between dental fear and oral health in schoolchildren., Design: This longitudinal study monitored 416 Brazilian children aged 5-7 years of age at baseline for 2 years. The decayed, filled and missing teeth were clinically assessed for each child. Dental fear was evaluated by Dental Anxiety Question. Multilevel mixed-effects linear and logistic regressions analysed the reciprocal relationship between dental fear and oral health., Results: Children with caries experience had 1.8 times higher odds of dental fear compared to children who were caries free. The presence of a carious tooth increased the odds of dental fear by 1.2 times. Children with dental fear had 0.46 additional carious tooth; an additional 0.22 tooth indicated for extraction; and a 0.67 higher caries experience score compared to children without dental fear., Conclusions: We observed a reciprocal relationship between dental fear and poor oral health. Both parents and dentists should provide realistic information for the children, discouraging biased negative expectations regarding dental treatment. Ultimately, the child would acquire positive perceptions of the dental environment, reducing their phobia and consequently improving oral health., (© 2019 BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Dental professionals are required to report suspicions of child maltreatment to the social services. As yet, no studies assess the prevalence of these mandated reports from dental care services or their content., Aim: This study investigates the prevalence and characteristics of mandated reports from dental professionals to the social services. Furthermore, it analyses associations between dental professionals reporting suspicions of maltreatment with such reports from other sources., Design: The study collected dental mandatory reports from within one municipality of Sweden during 2008-2014. The material consisted of a total of 147 reports by dental professionals regarding 111 children., Results: The total prevalence of reports from dental care services to the social services was 1.5 per 1000 children with a significant increase between 2008 and 2011 (P < 0.001). The primary cause for a report concerned parental deficiencies in care (n = 93) and secondly, a concern for dental neglect (n = 52) (P < 0.001). Among all reports, 86% involved children with prior contacts with the social services., Conclusion: Reports to the social services from dental care services on suspicions of child maltreatment concern parental deficiencies (failure to attend appointments) and neglect (dental neglect). Mandated reports from dental care services often co-occur with other mandated reports., (© 2016 BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: There is a high prevalence of dental anxiety in children and adolescents. Cognitive behavioral therapy is emerging as a treatment option., Aim: The purpose of this study is to explore how children with dental anxiety and their parents experience cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in dentistry., Design: We interviewed 12 children and one of their parents and conducted a thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews., Results: Perspective shift emerged as overarching theme in our thematic analysis. This theme consisted of three main themes, which were mastery, safety, and reduced fear. Six subthemes were also identified according to our analyses. Mastery includes two subthemes, gradual exposure and autonomy and control. Subthemes and sources for safety feeling were therapeutic alliance and changed appraisal. The theme reduced fear also consisted of two subthemes; reduced anticipatory anxiety and coping., Conclusions: The results show that parents and children had positive experiences of CBT and its outcome and were able to benefit from this psychological treatment when dealing with dental anxiety., (© 2015 BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

BACKGROUND. Childhood cancer survivors may have experienced a high number of invasive medical and dental procedures, which may affect their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). AIM. To compare children who have survived cancer and children without cancer with respect to OHRQoL. DESIGN. In a cross-sectional study, we compared the OHRQoL of children treated for cancer at Aalborg Hospital with the OHRQoL of classmates without cancer. All children answered The Danish version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ). Children aged 8-10 (n = 95) answered CPQ(8-10) , with 27 questions, and children aged 11-14 (n = 138) answered the CPQ(11-14,) with 39 questions. RESULTS. Children with cancer rated their OHRQoL better or equal to those without cancer. The mean overall CPQ(8-10) score was 5.6 (95% CI: 2.5-8.6) among 18 children who have survived cancer and 8.8 (95% CI: 7.3-10.3) among those without cancer (n = 77); the mean difference was -3.3 (95% CI: -6.5 to 0.1). The overall mean CPQ(11-14) score was 12.5 (95% CI: 6.8-18.2) among 24 children who have survived cancer and 11.8 (95% CI: 10.3-13.3) among those without cancer (n = 114); the mean difference was -0.7 (95% CI: -4.9 to 6.3). CONCLUSION. Cancer and cancer treatment during childhood was not associated with a decreased OHRQoL., (© 2011 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2011 BSPD, IAPD and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.)

Background: Childhood cancer survivors may have experienced a high number of invasive medical and dental procedures which are known to be risk factors for dental anxiety., Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of dental anxiety among children who have survived cancer., Design: In a cross-sectional study, we examined 51 6- to 14-year-old children who had been treated for cancer at Aalborg Hospital, and 192 children without cancer. All children answered the Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule. Dental anxiety was defined as a dental anxiety score exceeding the mean dental anxiety score + 1 standard deviation for the children without cancer., Results: Children with cancer did not have an increased prevalence of dental anxiety compared with children without cancer: the prevalence ratio was 0.41 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10-1.24]. The mean dental anxiety score was 23.1 (95% CI: 21.2-25.0) among children who had been treated for cancer, and 24.7 (95% CI: 23.4-26.0) among children without cancer (mean difference: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1-4.3)., Conclusion: Cancer and cancer treatment during childhood were not associated with an increased risk of dental anxiety in this population.

Background: Presentation of scientific information at international meetings is important for the dissemination of new scientific research. It is often assumed that the information contained in an abstract will subsequently be published in a scientific journal in full-length form., Objective: The aim of this investigation was to study the publication rate of abstracts presented to the International Association of Paediatric Dentistry (IAPD) congresses in London 1999 and Paris 2001, and factors that predict subsequent publication were also investigated., Materials and Methods: Abstracts presented at the IAPD congresses were reviewed. A Medline/PubMed search, encompassing 1999-2006, was performed., Results: At the two IAPD congresses, a total of 771 abstracts were presented, 231 (30%) as oral presentations, 327 (42%) as poster discussion presentations, and 212 (28%) as poster presentations. During the period studied, 204 (27%) of the 771 abstracts were expanded into articles published in Medline/PubMed indexed journals. The publication ratio for orally presented abstracts was 40%, poster discussion presentation 21%, and for poster presentations 19% (P < 0.0001). The mean time from the congress to publication was 20 months., Conclusion: The results of this study show that 40% of orally presented abstracts at IAPD congresses were followed by a subsequent scientific publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Objective: Total body irradiation (TBI) and cyclophosphamide (CY) during allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) cause salivary gland dysfunction in children. The aim of this investigation was to study the scintigraphic functional changes over time of the parotid and submandibular glands in children and young adults one year after treatment with CY and TBI at ASCT., Methods: Salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) was performed before ASCT, and 3-6 months and 12 months after ASCT. The three male patients who fulfilled the scintigraphic study had a mean age (+/- SD) of 17.3 +/- 9.8 years at ASCT., Results: The parotid secretion capacity (SPar) was 83.5 +/- 3.2% before ASCT and 48.5 +/- 25.8% during the next 3-6 months (P < 0.05). The SPar did not increase (48.1 +/- 12.4%) during the rest of the first year after ASCT. The submandibular emptying capacity (SSub) was 91.3 +/- 12.9% before ASCT and 35.4 +/- 2.3% after 3-6 months (P < 0.05). The SSub was 87.9 +/- 17.9% one year after ASCT., Conclusions: The parotid glands were more sensitive to irradiation since they did not recover lost capacity to secrete saliva, while the submandibular glands recovered the secretion capacity at the one-year follow-up.