Search

Abstract Background The aim of this systematic review was to determine whether introduction of oral feeding for infants and children receiving nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) or high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) respiratory support facilitates achievement of full oral feeding without adverse effects, compared to no oral feeding (NPO; nil per oral) on CPAP or HFNC. Methods A protocol was lodged with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. We searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL and AustHealth from database inception to 10th June 2020. Study population included children (preterm to

Abstract Background Cochrane primarily aims to systematically review trials of effectiveness that are important to inform clinical decisions. Editorial groups support authors to achieve high-quality reviews and prioritise review proposals in their clinical domain that are submitted or elicited. Prioritising proposals requires two approaches, identifying (1) clinical practises for which the evidence of effectiveness is uncertain and (2) interventions in which there are trials of effectiveness (especially randomised controlled trials (RCTs)) not systematically reviewed. This study addresses this second approach for the Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infections Group (CARIG) in order to identify RCTs of acute respiratory infections that have not been systematically reviewed. Methods We exported, on the 9th of September 2014, and then compared the group’s trials register of RCTs against a list of current Cochrane ARI (systematic) Reviews to identify gaps in topics (the same intervention and health condition) where completed trials have not been systematically reviewed. We assigned a principle intervention and health condition to each of 157 Cochrane reviews (CRs) and 5393 RCTs. Results A majority of topics had been systematically reviewed; however, a substantial number (2174 or 41%) of RCTs were not included in any review. The topic that had been systematically reviewed the most was antibiotic vs placebo for pneumonia with 11 CRs and 205 RCTs. The topic that was the subject of most RCTs was vaccination for influenza with 525 RCTs and 6 CRs. Also, 6 CRs had no RCTs (‘empty reviews’). Conclusions We identified many RCT topics that have not been systematically reviewed. They need to be addressed in a separate process to establish their priority to clinicians.

Abstract Background Medical nutrition therapy is fundamental for diabetes management, however there is a lack of evidence supporting an ideal recommended carbohydrate intake for maintaining optimal glycaemia in individuals living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Adults with T1D are increasingly drawn to very low carbohydrate (≤ 50 g/day or

Abstract Background Worldwide, the culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) population is increasing, and is predicted to reach 405 million by 2050. The delivery of emergency care for the CALD population can be complex due to cultural, social, and language factors. The extent to which cultural, social, and contextual factors influence care delivery to patients from CALD backgrounds throughout their emergency care journey is unclear. Using a systematic approach, this review aims to map the existing evidence regarding emergency healthcare delivery for patients from CALD backgrounds and uses a social ecological framework to provide a broader perspective on cultural, social, and contextual influence on emergency care delivery. Methods The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology will be used to guide this review. The population is patients from CALD backgrounds who received care and emergency care clinicians who provided direct care. The concept is healthcare delivery to patients from CALD backgrounds. The context is emergency care. This review will include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies published in English from January 1, 2012, onwards. Searches will be conducted in the databases of CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), SocINDEX (EBSCO), Scopus (Elsevier), and a web search of Google Scholar. A PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) flow diagram will be used to present the search decision process. All included articles will be appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data will be presented in tabular form and accompanied by a narrative synthesis of the literature. Discussion Despite the increased use of emergency care service by patients from CALD backgrounds, there has been no comprehensive review of healthcare delivery to patients from CALD backgrounds in the emergency care context (ED and prehospital settings) that includes consideration of cultural, social, and contextual influences. The results of this scoping review may be used to inform future research and strategies that aim to enhance care delivery and experiences for people from CALD backgrounds who require emergency care. Systematic review registration This scoping review has been registered in the Open Science Framework https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/HTMKQ