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Abstract Background Gastric cancer is a significant global malignancy with poor prognosis. Although the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) prolonged the duration of survival, resistance and progression are inevitable. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in immunotherapy beyond progression (IBP). Method We divided the advanced gastric cancer patients who received two lines immunotherapy into same regimen group (with same PD-1 inhibitor regime after IBP) and different regimen group (with different PD-1 inhibitor regime after IBP). Statistical analysis conducted to compare patient characteristics and evaluate survival differences between groups. Result The clinical outcome analysis showed that the same PD-1 inhibitor regime seemed to exhibit a higher disease control rate (DCR) (51.8% vs. 29.2%, P = 0.062), significantly prolonged progression-free survival 2 (PFS2) (162 vs. 75 days, P = 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (312 vs. 166 days, P = 0.022) when compared with those of cross line. In the multivariate analysis, when using different regimen group as reference, the same regimen group was found to be independently associated with improved PFS2 [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.467, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.267–0.816, P = 0.008] and OS (HR = 0.508, 95%CI: 0.278–0.927, P = 0.027). Conclusion Continuation of the same type of PD-1 inhibitor regime in IBP shows clinical benefits and represents a promising therapeutic approach.

Abstract Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death. This is attributed to the dramatic changes in the myocardial microenvironment post-MI. Therefore, effective intervention in the early stages of MI is significant for inhibiting its progression and improving cardiac function. Herein, an injectable composite hydrogel scaffold (Gel-pBP@Mg) was developed by integrating magnesium (Mg)-modified black phosphorus nanosheets (pBP@Mg) into a reactive oxygen species-responsive hydrogel (Gel). This loose and porous Gel provides a natural platform for carrying pBP@Mg. In situ, sustained release of pBP@Mg is achieved via responsive ROS degradation in the infarct site. The high ROS reactivity of Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) can effectively inhibit the progression of oxidative stress in the infarct area and reduce inflammatory response by down-regulating the NF-κB pathway. Additionally, the sustained release of Mg loaded on the surface of BPNSs can effectively promote angiogenesis in MI, which is significant for the long-term prognosis after infarction. Our developed Gel-pBP@Mg effectively blocked infarction progression and improved myocardial function by sustainably inhibiting the “oxidative stress-inflammation” reaction chain and pro-angiogenesis. This study reveals Gel-pBP@Mg composite therapeutic potential in treating MI through In vitro and In vivo studies, providing a promising modality for MI treatment. Graphical abstract

Abstract Purpose Recent studies have indicated some differences in the prognosis of patients with stage III-N2 lung adenocarcinoma, and the prognosis of patients with skip N2 lymph node metastasis (SKN2) is good. This study grouped patients with stage III-N2 lung adenocarcinoma by propensity score matching (PSM) to evaluate the impact of SKN2 on the prognosis of these patients. Methods The clinical data for patients who underwent radical lobectomy and had a postoperative pathological diagnosis of stage III-N2 lung adenocarcinoma at our centre from 2016 to 2018 were collected, and PSM was performed at a ratio of 1:1. Results A total of 456 patients were enrolled in this study. After PSM, 112 patients were included in the SKN2 group, and 112 patients were included in the non-SKN2 group. When comparing the SKN2 group with the non-SKN2 group, the 3-year OS rate was (71.4% vs. 12.5%, p

Abstract Purpose In 2015, the World Health Organization renamed mucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma as pulmonary invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA). Due to its low incidence and unclear prognosis with surgical treatment, previous studies have presented opposing survival outcomes. We aimed to investigate the differences in surgical prognosis and prognosis-related risk factors by comparing IMA with non-mucinous invasive adenocarcinoma (NMA). Methods A total of 20,914 patients diagnosed with IMA or NMA from 2000 to 2014 were screened from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The screened patients were subjected to propensity score matching (PSM) in a 1:4 ratio to explore the survival differences between patients with IMA and NMA and the factors influencing prognosis. Results For all patients, IMA was prevalent in the lower lobes of the lungs (p