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The article describes the case of a mother and son who both developed variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). vCJD has certain characteristics that distinguish it from sporadic CJD. These include a causal association with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prions mainly through ingestion, lower sensitivity for 14-3-3 protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), absence of triphasic periodic Electroencephalography (EEG), and death at younger age.

The article examines whether basal forebrain atrophy mediates or moderates the effect of hippocampal atrophy on the risk for mild cognitive impairment. According to the author, the hippocampus has had a significant role in the understanding of memory and is an ideal field for research since it is easily identified, anatomically well organised, and has well defined intra- and inter-regional connections. The author notes that small variations in spatial alignment in analysis have an impact on the ability to detect change in basal forebrain (BFA) volume.