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The article focuses on the truth about the evidence that exercise associated hyponatraemic encephalopathy is due to overdrinking. The first case happened on June 1, 1981, when a 46-year-old lady was admitted in a coma to a hospital in Durban, South Africa. In 1985, another three cases were reported in the paper "Water Intoxication: A Possible Complication of Endurance Exercise" which concluded that intake of hypotonic fluid in excess of that required to balance sweat and urine losses may be hazardous in some individuals. The paper also found that etiology of hyponatremia in the athletes was due to overhydration.

Presents several medical case studies. Association of water intoxication with carbamazepine treatment; Diagnosis of Miliary Crohn's disease; Effect of glibenclamide on antidiuretic hormones.

Sixty-four infants and children showing signs of decerebrate rigidity admitted to a paediatric unit have been studied. Cases of head injury, myelomeningocoele, and tumours were excluded from the series. The aetiological factors causing decerebration in the remainder fell into four main groups: infections, hypoxia, metabolic disease, and intracranial haemorrhage. Increased intracranial pressure was diagnosed in 87%. Defects in homeostasis occurred in 75%, respiratory abnormalities were present in 66%, cardiovascular in 33%, hypothermia in 30%, and hyponatraemia in 17%. Early recognition and treatment of raised intracranial pressure and defects in homeostasis are of the utmost importance if morbidity and mortality are to be minimized. There was a 31% mortality from the acute illness: 30% of the survivors were normal at follow-up examination; the remainder showed varying degrees of handicap. The severity of decerebration showed no correlation with aetiology or prognosis. The study shows that a wide range of disorders can lead to the clinical picture of decerebration in the young child, and that the prognosis is probably much better than in adults showing the same symptoms and signs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the incidence of water intoxication in schizophrenic patients. Occurrence of excessive water drinking in psychiatric disorder; Symptoms of water intoxication; Analysis on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying self induced water intoxication.

The clinical course is described of an infant who accidentally received an adult dose of Syntometrine (synthetic oxytocin + ergometrine) at delivery. The infant soon became ill with convulsions and ventilatory failure, and later with water intoxication. Similar reported cases are reviewed and recommendations are given for the management of future cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article addresses some challenging beliefs in sports nutrition. It rejects the belief that endurance athletes should drink large amounts of water or sports drinks even if they were not thirsty in order to prevent dehydration and heat illness. Endurance athletes are warned about the danger of excessive fluid overload because it would lead to water intoxication. The effectiveness of low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets is compared.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to articles related to water intoxication and heat wave.

Examines the effects of accidental water intoxication on the brain. Cause of the neurological dysfunction; Occurrence of the symptoms; Dependency of the degree of brain dysfunction on the rapidity of the development of the hyponatremia.

Presents cases of water intoxication due to carbamazepine. Clinical features of the patients; Factors contributing to the development symptoms and biochemical changes of water intoxication; Level of urine osmolality in both patients.

Focuses on the danger of water intoxication. Discovery of neurotic traits and vague illnesses from the past; Occurrence of delusions, depression, agitation or hysterical behavior; Symptoms of the syndrome.

Examines the efficacy of using oxytocin on patients with water intoxication during mid-trimester therapeutic abortions in Great Britain. Pattern of water intoxication; Symptoms of the disease; Assessment on the antidiuretic effect of infusion of oxytocin on patients.

Investigates the raised plasma arginine vasopressin concentration in carbamazepine-induced water intoxication. Effects of carbamazepine on the patient; Measurement of plasma concentration; Association of hyponatremia with carbamazepine treatment.

Focuses on the incidence of water intoxication associated with oxytocin infusions. Risk factors of water intoxication; Physiological effects of water intoxication; Discussion on the prevention and treatment of the disease.