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Background: Depression is one of the most probable side effects of myocardial infarction (MI) besides its sudden occurrence, and is affected by various factors, such as personality traits. Objectives: Hence, the present study was conducted to compare 10-item and 60-item big five inventories in explaining the symptoms of depression in patients with acute MI. Methods: The study population in this cross-sectional study comprised 250 patients with MI in Iran. The patients responded to 60-item NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), 10-item Big Five Inventory- Short Version (BFI-SV), and depression subscale from Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) from April to September 2018. Data was analyzed using chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Patients’ mean age (69.2% males) was 62.1 ± 11.1 years. The results showed a significant relationship between depression and factors of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness in BFI-SV and factors of extroversion, neuroticism, and agreeableness in NEO-FFI (P < 0.05). The results of regression analysis showed that BFI-SV explained 6.7% and NEO-FFI explained 5.8% of the variance of depression score (P < 0.05). Conclusions: BFI-SV explains the symptoms of depression in patients with MI as much as NEO-FFI. Thus, the researchers can use the 10-item version to assess the personality traits of patients with MI in future studies.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common chronic disease of the nervous system. A problem facing MS patients is cognitive impairments, including executive functions as the most major deficiency. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in executive functions in MS patients. Methods: The present controlled quasi-experimental study was conducted on a population comprising all MS patients who were members of the MS Society in Kermanshah, Iran using a pretest-posttest approach. The computerized form of Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) was administered on 60 patients, of whom 20 were selected and randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 10). The experimental group participated in twelve 50-minute sessions of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation intervention, whereas the controls did not undergo any interventions. After completing the intervention, the post-test was performed in both groups, and the data were analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: The findings suggested significant statistical differences (P < 0.001) in the posttest results of the patients’ performance compared to the pretest stage in the experimental and control groups. Conclusions: The findings obtained suggest that cognitive rehabilitation improves executive functions in MS patients. This method is recommended to be used in rehabilitation centers and psychological clinics to improve cognitive problems in MS patients.