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Seven Graphis species are reported as new to Europe from the Serra de Sintra and the Planalto das Cezaredas, two regions of Portugal where graphidoid Graphidaceae are abundant and diverse. The following species were identified: Graphis cincta, G. crebra, G. handelii, G. leptospora, G. lineola, G. plumierae, and G. verminosa. Many of these share two characters: a densely inspersed hymenium and the presence of norstictic acid in the thallus. A key to the Graphis species known from Europe is provided. The possible reasons for the high, previously unknown, diversity of graphidoid Graphidaceae in this region are discussed. Global warming might be a contributory factor. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

One new species and six new records of the crustose lichenized genus Graphis are reported from Thailand. Graphis koratensis Pitakpong, Kraichak & Lücking sp. nov. is characterized by lirelline ascocarps with whitish grey or grey-green pruina along the slit, transversely septate ascospores, and the presence of norstictic acid. Phylogenetic analyses with two loci (mtSSU and nuLSU) show the distinct position of this new species within the genus. Six new records for Thailand are reported, including G. cincta (Pers.) Aptroot, G. jejuensis K. H. Moon et al., G. nigrocarpa Adaw. & Makhija, G. renschiana (Müll. Arg.) Stizenb., G. seminuda Müll. Arg., and G. subserpentina Nyl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three species of Graphis (Graphidaceae) are described from Mexico from two research stations of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM): Chamela Biological Station in the Cuixmala-Chamela Biosphere Reserve, Jalisco, and Los Tuxtlas Tropical Biological Station in the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve, Veracruz. The new species Graphis bungartzii Barcenas-Peña, Lücking, Herrera-Campos & R. Miranda is characterized by erumpent lirellae with a lateral thalline margin, striate labia and laterally carbonized exciple, transversely septate ascospores, and norstictic and connorstictic acids. Graphis chamelensis Barcenas-Peña & Lücking has prominent lirellae with a basal to lateral thalline margin, entire labia and completely carbonized exciple, transversely septate ascospores, and norstictic acid. Finally, Graphis rosae-emiliae Barcenas-Peña & Lücking is characterized by erumpent lirellae with lateral thalline margin, striate labia and completely carbonized exciple, transversely septate ascospores, and no substances detected by TLC. We present updates to the world key to Graphis for 41 newly described or reinstated species since the world key was published in 2009. The following new combination is proposed: Pallidogramme parvicarpum (B. O. Sharma & Khadilkar) Lücking comb. nov., based on Graphis parvicarpa B. O. Sharma & Khadilkar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A saxicolous Graphis discovered in the southern part of South Korea is described as new to science. The new species, Graphis koreana sp. nov., is characterized by a green to brownish green, thick, rimose thallus, completely carbonized proper exciple, trans-septate to submuriform ascospores and the presence of norstictic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Three names in the genus Graphis are validated: Graphisnorvestitoides Sutjaritturakan, G. rongklaensis Sutjaritturakan, and Graphis arbusculaeformis (Vain.) Lücking. In addition, the new species G. pseudoaquilonia Lücking is described, differing from G. norvestitoides in the clear versus inspersed hymenium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphis parvicarpa and Pallidogramme bengalense are described as new to science from India. Graphis parvicarpa is characterized by a striate excipulum, inspersed hymenium, muriform ascospores, and norstictic acid in the thallus. Pallidogramme bengalense is characterized by a striate exciple, muriform, hyaline to pale brown ascospores, inspersed hymenium and no lichen substances in the thallus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new genus Halegrapha is introduced, with six species (five new species and one new combination) from Australia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Kenya, Mexico, and the United States: H. chimaera Rivas Plata & Lücking (type species; Philippines), H. floridana Common & Lücking (United States: Florida), H. intergrapha Hale ex Lücking (Malaysia), H. kenyana Kalb & Lücking (Kenya), H. mexicana A. B. Peña & Lücking (Mexico), and H. mucronata (Stirt.) Lücking (Australia). The genus resembles Graphis morphologically in the strongly carbonized, black lirellae and white-grey thallus strongly encrusted with calcium oxalate crystals, but has a Phaeographis-type hymenium (clear in two species) and ascospores, making it a ‘chimera’ between the two genera. Molecular data suggest the genus to be closely related to Phaeographis and allies but genetically distinct from any of the genera currently recognized, including Platygramme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the restudy describing a new lichen specie, Medusulina Chilena C. W. Dodge, which is not related to Arthoniales but belongs in Graphidaceae. It says that the name for the Chilean species was combined in Graphis as G. petraea. It mentions that the type material of Opegrapha Petraea and Medusulina chilean which is best placed in Carbacanthographis.