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Introduction: A heterogeneous group of disorders which includes different diagnoses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, psychosis nor otherwise specified or developmental disorders with psychotic features are all included within the title of "Early onset psychosis" when they appeared prior to 18 years old. Due to this variety of psychosis-like symptoms and the variety of diagnosis, low rates of diagnostic stability is proven to last during the first two years after first psychotic episode as the symptoms changes presentation. Studies have shown that the lack of diagnostic stability still represents a pervasive difficulty in the diagnostic legitimacy of some types of early onset psychosis. Objectives: Discuss the diagnosis of a 12 year old patient that presents whiting 5 months a psychotic episode with all possible positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, thoughts disorder and behaviour disorder) followed by a maniac episode. Methods: Explained the patients' two episodes and present all the clinical reviews he has had during the time hewas admitted in a child and adolescent psychiatry unit at a university hospital in Spain. Results: As a result the patient was diagnosed Schizoaffective disorder treated with Clozapine and Lithium as he was resistant to high dose of Risperidone and Aripiprazole. Discharged completely well and asymptomatic with no positive symptoms and euthymic. Conclusions: Diagnostic stability has been defined as the degree to which an original diagnosis at intake is confirmed during follow-up. The degree of diagnostic stability is important as regards the validity of the different diagnostic criteria which are established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Valle Inclán Nursing Home is a multifunctional centre of Gerontology, that offers social and health services to elderly people, either with physical independence or with physical and psychic disabilities. Mental illness is studied from a multidisciplinary point of view, and these different therapeutic programs are implemented: psychological support for adjustment disorders, cognitive-behavioural therapy for mood disorders and overall medical examination of dementia. The total sample of patients that are studied is 445, chronologically distributed according the next data: N: 234 (2006), N: 264 (2007), N: 258 (2008) y N: 243 (2009). Objectives: To know the prevalence of the main psychiatric pathologies and to compare to data found in scientific literature. To find data that can be used in order to improve the quality of medical care and psycho-social attention. Method: The prevalence of different psychiatric conditions treated by this mental health department, and the variation of these data for the last four years are showed. These data are compared with those in scientific literature. Results: Mental illness prevalence distribution is similar to the prevalence that is found in scientific literature. Dementia is the most prevalent pathology, and mood disorders are in the second place. Conclusions: The decrease in the prevalence of mood disorders is probably on account of the implementation of specific psychotherapeutic programs. An increase in the prevalence of dementia can be explained by the improvement of screening of this illness and/or the increasing social request for admission to these nursing homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Currently, in mental health teams there is overload in the first consultations, therefore, patients cannot be treated properly. Objective This study tries to reflect the differences between preferential and ordinary consultations, as well as the differences in the delay in the support between them. Methodology This is a retrospective observational study where data are collected for 3 months of the first consultations that are taken to a mental health center. Results The study reflects that preferential or normal (ordinary) derivation has no influence when it comes to the patient going or not going to the consultation. On the other hand, there are very significant differences statistically in the waiting time between patients with normal and preferential priority. Conclusions According to the results observed would be advisable to use appropriate criteria to decide the priority of a patient's cares. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction It often happens that primary care teams sends to specialized care any type of demand without discriminating on many times. Objective Study of diagnoses that get to the consultations. Methodology Retrospective observational study with data gathered during 3 months of diagnosis carried out in the first consultations. Results The study guides that there is much minor pathology in the first consultation. Conclusions Currently, attention on mental health is overcrowded because there is an excess of derivation from minor pathologies. So, an adequate coordination and communication with primary care could improve patients’ care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction To the specialized attention arrives as preferred patients with minor diagnosis. Objective We do a relation between the type (normal/preferential) derivation of the first consultations and their corresponding diagnosis. Methodology Retrospective observational study with data gathered during 3 months, which handle 2 variables: on the one hand, type of derivation and on the other, effected diagnosis. Results The most frequent diagnosis found are adaptative disorders and affective disorders, corresponding to 45.45% and 9.1%, respectively of preferred leads. Conclusions Almost half of preferential queries (consultations) could be treated in first instance by primary care physicians releasing mental health care burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Play is often considered an indicator and promotor of animal welfare and may facilitate closer cat-human relationships. However, few studies have empirically investigated these associations. The current study aimed to investigate play-related factors associated with four welfare outcome measures in cats ( Felis catus ) including: cat quality of life; cat-guardian relationship quality; problem behaviour prevalence; and behavioural changes. An online survey was developed using demographic information, questions related to play and resources, free text sections and the following validated measures: cat quality of life (QOL), the cat owner relationship scale, and the adult playfulness trait scale. Responses were completed by 1,591 cat guardians from 55 countries. Higher cat playfulness scores and a greater number of games played were significantly associated with higher cat QOL scores while longer amounts of daily play, greater number of games, both cat and guardian initiating play and higher guardian playfulness scores were all significantly associated with higher cat-guardian relationship scores. Exclusively indoor housing was significantly associated with both higher cat QOL and higher cat-guardian relationships scores compared to cats with outdoor access. Behavioural changes associated with distress in cats were reported when play was absent. Play may be an important factor in assessing and maintaining cat welfare. Further research into the mechanisms of how play impacts welfare and cat-guardian relationships is needed., Competing Interests: None. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results., (© The Author(s) 2023.)

Background: Past reviews of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for anger have focused on outcome in specific subpopulations, with few questions posed about research design and methodology. Since the turn of the century, there has been a surge of methodologically varied studies awaiting systematic review., Aims: The basic aim was to review this recent literature in terms of trends and patterns in research design, operationalization of anger, and covariates such as social desirability bias (SDB). Also of interest was clinical outcome., Method: After successive culling, 42 relevant studies were retained. These were subjected to a rapid evidence assessment (REA) with special attention to design (ranked on the Scientific Methods Scale) measurement methodology (self-monitored behaviour, anger questionnaires, and others' ratings), SDB assessment, and statistical versus clinical significance., Results: The randomized controlled trial characterized 60% of the studies, and the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory was the dominant measure of anger. All but one of the studies reported statistically significant outcome, and all but one of the 21 studies evaluating clinical significance laid claim to it. The one study with neither statistical nor clinical significance was the only one that had assessed and corrected for SDB., Conclusions: Measures remain relatively narrow in scope, but study designs have improved, and the outcomes suggest efficacy and clinical effectiveness. In conjunction with previous findings of an inverse relationship between anger and SDB, the results raise the possibility that the favourable picture of CBT for anger may need closer scrutiny with SDB and other methodological details in mind.

Background: There is a growing quest for anger management techniques especially in underserved populations. Patients with a substance abuse history often have untreated anger problems., Aims: To test a new comprehensive program for prevention, intervention, and remediation of anger in chemically-dependent patients. A secondary aim was to explore any anger differences between males versus females., Method: Twenty-six participants (13 male, 13 female) completed three phases of treatment plus follow-up. Dependent measures were six subscales of the (STAXI) questionnaire and self-monitored frequency, duration, and intensity of anger., Results: A significant multivariate effect of phase of study accounted for 42% of the variance in STAXI scores. Univariate F-tests confirmed significant changes on all STAXI subscales. Most of these were between pre and post phases of the study, the effect sizes = +0.8 for state anger and +0.99 for trait anger. For self-monitored variables, significant reductions emerged between treatment phases, the average pre-post effect size = +1.02. Gender did not affect STAXI scores although females had more self-monitored anger, particularly anger episodes., Conclusions: Findings suggest cumulative efficacy of the anger treatment program. That trait anger declined more than state anger may indicate characterological change in addition to situational change; anger frequency and duration declined more than intensity in keeping with other reports that intensity peaks suddenly and is less modifiable. That males and females were generally similar in anger is worth noting in relation to other studies. Finally, participant attrition is discussed as a problem and a possible index of treatment outcome.

Alterations of the p53 gene are the most frequently documented genetic abnormalities in human cancer. The aim of the present study was to analyse if this alteration is an early event in oral tumorigenesis and if the suprabasal expression of p53 is a marker of the presence and severity of epithelial dysplasia. Immunohistochemical p53 expression in 78 specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma and non-tumoral adjacent epithelium was analysed. Non-tumoral epithelium was observed in 53 cases (67.9 per cent), being normal in six cases (7.6 per cent), hyperplastic in 24 cases (30.7 per cent) and dysplastic in 48 cases (61.5 per cent). Epithelial dysplasia was mild (23 cases, 47.9 per cent); moderate (23 cases, 47.9 per cent) and severe (two cases, 4.1 per cent). Twenty-one cases of the dysplasias (43.8 per cent) expressed p53. No p53 expression appeared in any normal epithelium. Basal p53 expression always appeared in mild dysplasias (two cases). Suprabasal p53 expression appeared in mild and moderate dysplasias in nine cases and in one severe dysplasia. No statistical correlation was observed between suprabasal expression of p53 and the presence or severity of the dysplasia. The expression of p53 is an early event in oral tumorigenesis but it does not behave as an objective marker of the presence or severity of epithelial dysplasia.