1. Comparison of an integrated crop–livestock system with soybean only: Economic and production responses in southern Brazil
- Author
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Carolina Bremm, Anibal de Moraes, Carlos Alberto Oliveira de Oliveira, Taise Robinson Kunrath, Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho, and Ibanor Anghinoni
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,Lolium multiflorum ,biology.organism_classification ,Pasture ,Gross margin ,Stocking ,Agronomy ,Grazing ,Economics ,Cropping system ,Cover crop ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Hectare ,Food Science - Abstract
In Brazil, as well as globally, land use has been increasingly addressed for environmental impacts and economic improvements. Integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLSs) are a potential strategy to optimize use of land, increase total production and reduce economic risk through diversification. We compared production and economic outcomes of a soybean-only system with ICLS differing in sward management. The study area was managed since 2001 using no-till in southern Brazil. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was rotated with a mixture of black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) either for: (i) grazing (ICLS) or (ii) cover crops as cropping system only (CS) with no livestock grazing. Four sward height management methods (10, 20, 30 or 40 cm) were evaluated under put-and-take stocking. Across years, soybean yield (2516±103 kg ha−1) was not affected by treatment, but was affected by year (PP<0.001). Average daily gain was lower when pasture was managed at 10 cm than between 20 and 40 cm. With increasing sward height, a gradual reduction in cattle GPH was observed (P
- Published
- 2013