1. Effects of season and parity on performance of lactating sows in a tropical climate
- Author
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Jean-Luc Gourdine, Jean Pierre Bidanel, David Renaudeau, Jean Noblet, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques (URZ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité mixte de recherche veau et porc (UMR VP), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Rennes-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Station de Génétique Quantitative et Appliquée (SGQA)
- Subjects
2. Zero hunger ,Estrous cycle ,Food intake ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Humid subtropical climate ,Large white ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Biology ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Animal science ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,13. Climate action ,[SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies ,Lactation ,Tropical climate ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,medicine ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Weaning ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Parity (mathematics) ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
The effects of season in a tropical climate and parity on lactation performance of 106 Large White sows over several reproductive cycles (301 lactations in total) were studied in Guadeloupe (French West Indies, 16°N latitude, 61°W longitude) between January 1999 and March 2003. Two seasons were determined a posteriori from climatic parameters recorded continuously in a station close to the experimental unit. During the warm season, ambient temperature and relative humidity averaged 23-5°C and 0-831, respectively. In the hot season, the corresponding values were 26-0°C and 0-834, respectively. Over the 28-day lactation period, average daily food intake (ADFI) was lower (P < 0-001) and live-weight (LW) loss was higher (P < 0-05) during the hot season than during the warm season (3-9 v. 4-7 kg/day and 17 v. 12 kg, respectively). Growth rate and mean LW of piglets at weaning were lower (P < 0-05) during the hot season (203 v. 220 g/day and 7-0 v. 7-5 kg, respectively). However, the weaning-to-oestrus interval was not affected by season (5-4 days on average). The effect of season on ad libitum ADFI was less accentuated for primiparous than for multiparous sows (warm-hot 360 v. 2002 g/day). Irrespective of the season, ADFI was lower (P < 0-01) and piglet growth rate tended to be lower (P < 0-2) in primiparous than in multiparous sows (4-0 v. 4-4 kg/day and 205 v. 215 g/day, respectively). Moreover, the percentage of sows that returned to oestrus later than 5 days after weaning was higher in primiparous than in multiparous sows (25 v. 2%, P < 0-001). This study confirmed the negative effects of the hot season on performance of lactating sows raised in a humid tropical climate; the effects of season are dependent on parity number.
- Published
- 2004