1. Urinary iodine concentration identifies pregnant women as iodine deficient yet school-aged children as iodine sufficient in rural Niger
- Author
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K. Ryan Wessells, Michael B. Zimmermann, Sonja Y. Hess, Rebecca R Young, Césaire T. Ouédraogo, Sara Stinca, and Ibrahim Foungotin Bamba
- Subjects
Male ,Rural Population ,0301 basic medicine ,Thyrotropin ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Salt iodization ,Prevalence ,Medicine ,Niger ,Child ,Dried blood ,Family Characteristics ,education.field_of_study ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,School age child ,Research Papers ,Female ,Iodine ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Nutritional Status ,chemistry.chemical_element ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Thyroglobulin ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Environmental health ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Sodium Chloride, Dietary ,education ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,medicine.disease ,Iodine deficiency ,Spot urine sample ,Thyroxine ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Endocrinology ,Socioeconomic Factors ,chemistry ,Sample Size ,Dried Blood Spot Testing ,Urinary iodine ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
ObjectiveTo assess iodine status among pregnant women in rural Zinder, Niger and to compare their status with the iodine status of school-aged children from the same households.DesignSeventy-three villages in the catchment area of sixteen health centres were randomly selected to participate in the cross-sectional survey.SettingSalt iodization is mandatory in Niger, requiring 20–60 ppm iodine at the retail level.SubjectsA spot urine sample was collected from randomly selected pregnant women (n662) and one school-aged child from the same household (n373). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was assessed as an indicator of iodine status in both groups. Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected from venous blood samples of pregnant women and thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid-stimulating hormone and total thyroxine were measured. Iodine content of household salt samples (n108) was assessed by titration.ResultsMedian iodine content of salt samples was 5·5 ppm (range 0–41 ppm), 98 % had an iodine content 40 µg/l.ConclusionsIn this region of Niger, most salt is inadequately iodized. UIC in pregnant women indicated iodine deficiency, whereas UIC of school-aged children indicated marginally adequate iodine status. Thus, estimating population iodine status based solely on monitoring of UIC among school-aged children may underestimate the risk of iodine deficiency in pregnant women.
- Published
- 2016
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