Platinum compounds, such as cisplatin and other high- Z materials, are increasingly common in biomedical applications. The absorption and emission of high-energy X-rays can occur via the 1s-2p Kα transitions in ions of heavy elements involving deep inner-shells. Oscillator strengths ( f), line strengths ( S), and radiative decay rates ( A), for the 1s-2p transitions for the nine ionic states from hydrogen-like to fluorine-like, are presented for platinum and uranium. For platinum ions the Kα transitions are found to be in the hard X-ray region, 64-71 keV (0.18-0.17 Å), and for uranium ions they are in the range 94-105 keV (0.12-0.13 Å). Since the number of electrons in each ionic state of the element is different, the number of Kα transitions varies considerably. While there are two 1s-2p transitions (1s 2S1/2-2p 2P1/2,3/2o) in H-like ions, there are 2, 6, 2, 14, 35, 35, and 14 transitions in He-like, Li-like, Be-like, B-like, C-like, N-like, and O-like ions, respectively, for a total of 112 Kα transitions for each element. These include both types of electric dipole (E1) allowed transitions, same-spin multiplicity and intercombination. The former dipole allowed transitions are in general strong; their radiative decay rates are of the order of A ∼ 1016 s-1. However, there are also many weaker transitions. We demonstrate the importance of these Kα transitions, as they appear as resonances in photo-ionization, which is relevant to the enhanced production of Auger electrons for possible radiation diagnostics and therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]