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The author demonstrates, through examples and through discussion supported by economic modelling and empirical evidence, the effects of carbon prices and other fiscal policies on efforts to green the economy. Global and national goals and targets are considered, along with the outcomes that may be reasonably expected from the policies in place today. There follows a more detailed analysis of the impacts of carbon-pricing policies on three major industrial sectors: oil sands, electricity, and, to a lesser degree, hydrogen. The author considers the effects of long-term policy uncertainty, of the output-based allocations of emissions credits, and of investment tax credits, and finds significant variations in the optimal emissions-abatement strategies of oil sands firms depending on the policy parameters and the long-term certainty of the policy. It is also found that the incentives for clean electricity provided by Canadian policies are very different from those provided by Albertan policies, and the author highlights a result from previous work that shows how climate change policies have made low-emissions blue hydrogen cheaper than the higher-emissions alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]