1. Respiratory mucosal delivery of next-generation COVID-19 vaccine provides robust protection against both ancestral and variant strains of SARS-CoV-2.
- Author
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Afkhami, Sam, D'Agostino, Michael R., Zhang, Ali, Stacey, Hannah D., Marzok, Art, Kang, Alisha, Singh, Ramandeep, Bavananthasivam, Jegarubee, Ye, Gluke, Luo, Xiangqian, Wang, Fuan, Ang, Jann C., Zganiacz, Anna, Sankar, Uma, Kazhdan, Natallia, Koenig, Joshua F.E., Phelps, Allyssa, Gameiro, Steven F., Tang, Shangguo, and Jordana, Manel
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SARS-CoV-2 , *T cells , *COVID-19 vaccines , *COMBINED vaccines , *IMMUNOLOGIC memory , *NATURAL immunity - Abstract
The emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) threaten the effectiveness of current COVID-19 vaccines administered intramuscularly and designed to only target the spike protein. There is a pressing need to develop next-generation vaccine strategies for broader and long-lasting protection. Using adenoviral vectors (Ad) of human and chimpanzee origin, we evaluated Ad-vectored trivalent COVID-19 vaccines expressing spike-1, nucleocapsid, and RdRp antigens in murine models. We show that single-dose intranasal immunization, particularly with chimpanzee Ad-vectored vaccine, is superior to intramuscular immunization in induction of the tripartite protective immunity consisting of local and systemic antibody responses, mucosal tissue-resident memory T cells and mucosal trained innate immunity. We further show that intranasal immunization provides protection against both the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and two VOC, B.1.1.7 and B.1.351. Our findings indicate that respiratory mucosal delivery of Ad-vectored multivalent vaccine represents an effective next-generation COVID-19 vaccine strategy to induce all-around mucosal immunity against current and future VOC. [Display omitted] • Two trivalent adenoviral-vectored COVID-19 vaccines were developed and evaluated • Intranasal, but not intramuscular, immunization induces tripartite mucosal immunity • Intranasal immunization protects against ancestral and variant strains of SARS-CoV-2 • Optimal protection requires B and T cell immunity and trained innate immunity Respiratory mucosal immunization with a next-generation adenoviral-vectored trivalent COVID-19 vaccine expressing spike, nucleocapsid, and RdRp antigens, induces all-around protective mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2 via induction of systemic and local antibodies, lung-tissue-resident memory T cells, and trained alveolar macrophages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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