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Focuses on the academic employment market in Europe focused on young talent, higher-education analysts as of March 8, 2002. Working conditions in British academies; Estimated number of French institutes' scientists who will retire in the next twenty years; Salary range for professors in Poland; Recruitment trends in Ireland.

Reports on the plan of European colleges to standardize academic degrees and course credits, as of September 2003. Benefits of the reform; Countries supporting the changes; Opposition from students and faculty members.

Discusses the response of U.S. universities and graduate schools to the three-year undergraduate program adopted by European higher education ministers. Issues arising from the three-year diploma programs in Europe; Basis for the decision of U.S. college admissions officers to accept the three-year bachelor degrees in Great Britain; Approaches of graduate schools in the U.S. to dealing with applications from European students.

Reports that public pressure has put a damper on biotechnology research in Europe. Fears of the so-called `Frankenfood' and mad cow disease; Cutbacks in support even for noted scientists; Need to pay attention to public opinion; Shift of the debate to Asia.

Discusses efforts by European countries to harmonize their higher education systems. Signing of the Bologna Declaration by senior education officials from several countries in June 1999; Need for mobility between institutions and countries; Goal of compatibility; Guidelines of the declaration; Suspicion by student organizations.

Focuses on the European Consortium of Innovative Universities (ECIU), a group of universities which explored alternatives to Europe's dominant model of a conservative institution wholly dependent on the state. Members of ECIU; Expansion of revenue sources; Promotion of technological spinoffs; Pooling of resources by universities in response to falling state support.

Reports on Europe's increasing number of enrollments in higher education. Influence of fast-moving global economy; Cultural and demographic changes; Expansion of European higher education; Differences in educational systems; Overcrowding; Concerns over academic quality.

Reports on the European union's proposal of a new academic exchange program to improve student and faculty mobility in it's 12 member nations. Reflections on the new umbrella program `Socrates'; Effect of higher education on the economy of Europe; Europe's wide standard on education.

Reports on the changes occurring within European universities and colleges. How the institutions are becoming increasingly more autonomous; Reasons for the changes; Adoption of framework laws and what they mean; Attempts by European governments to make universities more accountable. INSET: Twente U. adapts to changes European, by Burton Bullag..

Reports on the condition of higher education in Eastern Europe as of 1996. How educational reforms have not matched economic reforms; The need for fundamental structural reform; The use of outdated teaching and learning methods still practiced; The use of Romania as role model.

Praises two highly respected universities in Eastern Europe in 1996. The Graduate School of Social Research in Warsaw, Poland; Its approach to education; Its reputation as a model for new learning institutions in Eastern Europe; The Palacky University in Olomouc in the Czech Republic; Its winning of the 1996 Hannah Arendt Prize; The traditional approach used.

Reports on efforts of universities in Europe, which are traditionally supported by the state, to seek new sources of money. Comments from Joseph Maria Bricall, president of the Association of European Universities; Decline in the level of spending per student; Possible employment of commercial activities by universities; Tuition as a source of significant revenue.

Reports on unease among teachers in Western Europe of governments' efforts to assess their competence and effectivity. Assertions that quality review should be in the hands of `autonomous bodies of higher education'; Conference of European Rectors; Difficulty of measuring the quality of teaching, as compared with the quality of research; Linkage of quality of teaching with government funding.

Reports on the development of higher education in minority languages in Europe. Event which made possible the development of higher education in minority languages; Ethnic groups in Eastern Europe that will have universities that teach their languages.

Presents news briefs on universities, as of September 13, 2002. Damages caused by floods at Dresden University of Technology in Germany and Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; Warning from Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, supreme religious leader of Iran, to college students about an unnamed foe.

Reports the declaration from several European country top education officials to change their diverse higher education systems that will make them more compatible with one another. Development of a European Higher Education Area; Details of the declaration; Comments from Ortensio Zecchino, Italy's Minister of Universities and Research.

Comments on the European Union's closure of an office responsible for administering one of its larger student programs, the Leonardo program, amid accusations of financial mismanagement and possible fraud. Referral of four specific accusations of wrongdoing to Belgian prosecutors for investigation; What the charges involve; Charges of cronyism against the head of the company hired to run the program; Resulting criticism of the European Commission.

Reports on the formation of the Academic Cooperation Association to coordinate academic exchanges in Europe. Major European university exchange organizations; Academic credit as a key element; Emphasis on academic quality evaluation and recognition of academic work at foreign institutions; Market concepts.

Focuses on how European universities are planning reform in the way of diversifying their sources of support. How traditionally European universities have been funding by the state; Why they may need to diversify their programs and cooperate with industry; Other reform ideas by 20 leading European universities.

Looks at the ways in which colleges and universities in Europe are pooling their research and other resources in the face of stricter scrutiny from national governments. The explosion of networking among European institutions; The role of the European Union in encouraging such interconnectedness; Examples of such networking.

Focuses on scientific research in Europe. Efficiency and productivity; Western support; Fund distribution concerns; Comments from scholars.

Reports on highlights of the 1995 meeting of the Association of European Universities in Arhus, Denmark. Efforts of higher education institutions in Europe to find money-making activities to improve their financial situation; Research for business and industry and provision of continuing education programs as the most popular ways of raising revenue.

Reports on the launching of the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS), a program to facilitate the transfer of academic credits among universities in Europe. Significance of the system in Europe's economic and political integration; Increase of demands for foreign study; Enthusiasm by Trans-European Exchange and Transfer Consortium members to the introduction of the system.

Reports on the plans of the European Union to open exchanges with Eastern European schools. Sharing of costs and benefits of joint research programs; Exchange student and teacher programs; Development of compatible curricula; Advantage of scheme in not requiring major funds; Mutual recognition of degrees awarded in either venue.

Focuses on the Conference of European Rectors and the pressure faced by their institution to change. Similarities of pressure to those in the United States; Conservative higher education system in European countries; Differences in the length to obtain degrees in different countries.