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Objective: To characterize the visual and ocular morbidity of the population treated in Colombia based on the reports from the individual records of the provision of health services (RIPS), Chapter VII of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Version (ICD-10), years 2009-2010. Materials and methods: A descriptive retrospective observational study was conducted of the visual and ocular morbidity of the population treated in Colombia according to the RIPS reports; the 58 diagnostic codes were reclassified into 18 categories, according to the Reisvo classification; the demographic variables of age, gender and health protection scheme were taken into consideration, as well as the clinical variable of diagnosis code; univariate and bivariate analysis were performed. Results: 775,989 RIPS from 2009 and 1,605,714 from 2010 were analyzed, corresponding to Chapter VII of ICD-10; most of them were female, 54.3% from 2009 and 58.4% from 2010. The predominant health scheme was the contributive scheme, with 73% for both years. The most frequent diagnostic groups in 2009 were disorders of the conjunctiva (55.9 %), accommodation and refractive disorders (23.1 %), eyelid disorders (9.9%), blindness and decreased visual acuity (2.2 %); for 2010, they were: accommodation and refractive disorders (44 %), disorders of the conjunctiva (23.4 %), eyelid disorders (4.4 %), blindness and decreased visual acuity (3.8 %) and glaucoma (3.7 %). Conclusions: The most prevalent diagnoses in the two years evaluated were: accommodation and refractive disorders, and disorders of the conjunctiva. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amblyopia is the most common cause of visual loss in children and young adults. This condition limits the ability to perform activities of learning and development. Optical prescription for ametropias and a timely diagnosis can prevent this, while providing the visual conditions required for an adequate performance in school. Objective: To review the relationship between refractive and strabismic amblyopia and visual-motor and visualperceptual conditions in the reading process. Similarly, to describe visual-motor conditions and alterations in amblyopia, as well as their relationship to reading. Methodology: A literature search was conducted in databases and in texts published until 2015, in English and in Spanish, with search words such as amblyopia, reading, learning, visual-motor conditions, and visual-perceptual conditions. Conclusions: Refractive and strabismic amblyopia affect the development of visual-motor and visual-perceptual skills such as fixation, oculomotor movements, tracking and saccades, accommodation, contrast sensitivity, and, in some cases, vergences, all of them indispensable in the reading process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]