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3. The summertime Boreal forest field measurement intensive (HUMPPA-COPEC-2010): an overview of meteorological and chemical influences

Author

Williams, J., Crowley, J., Fischer, H., Harder, H., Martínez, M., Petäjä, Tuukka, Rinne, J., Bäck, Jaana, Boy, M., Dal Maso, M., Hakala, J., Kajos, M., Keronen, P., Rantala, P., Aalto, J., Aaltonen, H., Paatero, J., Vesala, T., Hakola, H., Levula, J., Pohja, T., Herrmann, T., Auld, J., Mesarchaki, E., Song, W., Yassaa, N., Nölscher, A., Johnson, A. M., Custer, T., Sinha, V., Thieser, J., Pouvesle, N., Taraborrelli, D., Tang, M. J., Bozem, H., Hosaynali-Beygi, Z., Axinte, R., Oswald, R., Novelli, A., Kubistin, D., Hens, K., Javed, U., Trawny, K., Breitenberger, C., Hidalgo Fernández, Pablo José, Ebben, C. J., Geiger, F. M., Corrigan, A. L., Russell, L. M., Ouwersloot, H. G., Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, J., Ganzeveld, L., Vogel, A., Beck, M., Bayerle, A., Kampf, C. J., Bertelmann, M., Köllner, F., Hoffmann, T., Valverde, J., González, D., Riekkola, M. L., Kulmala, M., and Lelieveld, J.

Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry, lcsh:QD1-999, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 13. Climate action, Boreal forest, HUMPPA-COPEC, 15. Life on land, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

This paper describes the background, instrumentation, goals, and the regional influences on the HUMPPACOPEC intensive field measurement campaign, conducted at the Boreal forest research station SMEAR II (Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relation) in Hyyti¨al¨a, Finland from 12 July–12 August 2010. The prevailing meteorological conditions during the campaign are examined and contrasted with those of the past six years. Back trajectory analyses show that meteorological conditions at the site in 2010 were characterized by a higher proportion of southerly flow than in the other years studied. As a result the summer of 2010 was anomalously warm and high in ozone making the campaign relevant for the analysis of possible future climates. A comprehensive land use analysis, provided on both 5 and 50 km scales, shows that the main vegetation types surrounding the site on both the regional and local scales are: coniferous forest (Scots pine and/or Norway spruce); mixed forest (Birch and conifers); and woodland scrub (e.g. Willows, Aspen); indicating that the campaign results can be taken as representative of the Boreal forest ecosystem. In addition to the influence of biogenic emissions, the measurement site was occasionally impacted by sources other than vegetation. Specific tracers have been used here to identify the time periods when such sources have impacted the site namely: biomass burning (acetonitrile and CO), urban anthropogenic pollution (pentane and SO2) and the nearby Korkeakoski sawmill (enantiomeric ratio of chiral monoterpenes). None of these sources dominated the study period, allowing the Boreal forest summertime emissions to be assessed and contrasted with various other source signatures.

Published
2011
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4. Aerosol size distribution and new particle formation in the western Yangtze River Delta of China: 2 years of measurements at the SORPES station

Author

Qi, X. M., primary, Ding, A. J., additional, Nie, W., additional, Petäjä, T., additional, Kerminen, V.-M., additional, Herrmann, E., additional, Xie, Y. N., additional, Zheng, L. F., additional, Manninen, H., additional, Aalto, P., additional, Sun, J. N., additional, Xu, Z. N., additional, Chi, X. G., additional, Huang, X., additional, Boy, M., additional, Virkkula, A., additional, Yang, X.-Q., additional, Fu, C. B., additional, and Kulmala, M., additional

Published
2015
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6. Modelling the contribution of biogenic volatile organic compounds to new particle formation in the Jülich plant atmosphere chamber

Author

Roldin, P., primary, Liao, L., additional, Mogensen, D., additional, Dal Maso, M., additional, Rusanen, A., additional, Kerminen, V.-M., additional, Mentel, T. F., additional, Wildt, J., additional, Kleist, E., additional, Kiendler-Scharr, A., additional, Tillmann, R., additional, Ehn, M., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, and Boy, M., additional

Published
2015
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7. Contribution from biogenic organic compounds to particle growth during the 2010 BEACHON-ROCS campaign in a Colorado temperate needleleaf forest

Author

Zhou, L., primary, Gierens, R., additional, Sogachev, A., additional, Mogensen, D., additional, Ortega, J., additional, Smith, J. N., additional, Harley, P. C., additional, Prenni, A. J., additional, Levin, E. J. T., additional, Turnipseed, A., additional, Rusanen, A., additional, Smolander, S., additional, Guenther, A. B., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, Karl, T., additional, and Boy, M., additional

Published
2015
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9. Aerosol size distribution and new particle formation in western Yangtze River Delta of China: two-year measurement at the SORPES station

Author

Qi, X. M., primary, Ding, A. J., additional, Nie, W., additional, Petäjä, T., additional, Kerminen, V.-M., additional, Herrmann, E., additional, Xie, Y. N., additional, Zheng, L. F., additional, Manninen, H., additional, Aalto, P., additional, Sun, J. N., additional, Xu, Z. N., additional, Chi, X. G., additional, Huang, X., additional, Boy, M., additional, Virkkula, A., additional, Yang, X.-Q., additional, Fu, C. B., additional, and Kulmala, M., additional

Published
2015
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11. Contribution from biogenic organic compounds to particle growth during the 2010 BEACHON-ROCS campaign in a Colorado temperate needle leaf forest

Author

Zhou, L., primary, Gierens, R., additional, Sogachev, A., additional, Mogensen, D., additional, Ortega, J., additional, Smith, J. N., additional, Harley, P. C., additional, Prenni, A. J., additional, Levin, E. J. T., additional, Turnipseed, A., additional, Rusanen, A., additional, Smolander, S., additional, Guenther, A. B., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, Karl, T., additional, and Boy, M., additional

Published
2015
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13. Modelling non-equilibrium secondary organic aerosol formation and evaporation with the aerosol dynamics, gas- and particle-phase chemistry kinetic multilayer model ADCHAM

Author

Roldin, Pontus, Eriksson, Axel, Nordin, Erik, Öström, Emilie, Mogensen, D., Rusanen, A., Boy, M., Swietlicki, Erik, Svenningsson, Birgitta, Zelenyuk, A., Pagels, Joakim, Roldin, Pontus, Eriksson, Axel, Nordin, Erik, Öström, Emilie, Mogensen, D., Rusanen, A., Boy, M., Swietlicki, Erik, Svenningsson, Birgitta, Zelenyuk, A., and Pagels, Joakim

Abstract

We have developed the novel Aerosol Dynamics, gas- and particle-phase chemistry model for laboratory CHAMber studies (ADCHAM). The model combines the detailed gas-phase Master Chemical Mechanism version 3.2 (MCMv3.2), an aerosol dynamics and particle-phase chemistry module (which considers acid-catalysed oligomerization, heterogeneous oxidation reactions in the particle phase and non-ideal interactions between organic compounds, water and inorganic ions) and a kinetic multilayer module for diffusion-limited transport of compounds between the gas phase, particle surface and particle bulk phase. In this article we describe and use ADCHAM to study (1) the evaporation of liquid dioctyl phthalate (DOP) particles, (2) the slow and almost particle-size-independent evaporation of alpha-pinene ozonolysis secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles, (3) the mass-transfer-limited uptake of ammonia (NH3) and formation of organic salts between ammonium (NH4+) and carboxylic acids (RCOOH), and (4) the influence of chamber wall effects on the observed SOA formation in smog chambers. ADCHAM is able to capture the observed alpha-pinene SOA mass increase in the presence of NH3(g). Organic salts of ammonium and carboxylic acids predominantly form during the early stage of SOA formation. In the smog chamber experiments, these salts contribute substantially to the initial growth of the homogeneously nucleated particles. The model simulations of evaporating alpha-pinene SOA particles support the recent experimental findings that these particles have a semi-solid tar-like amorphous-phase state. ADCHAM is able to reproduce the main features of the observed slow evaporation rates if the concentration of low-volatility and viscous oligomerized SOA material at the particle surface increases upon evaporation. The evaporation rate is mainly governed by the reversible decomposition of oligomers back to monomers. Finally, we demonstrate that the mass-transfer-limited uptake of condensable organic c

Published
2014

14. Factors influencing the contribution of ion-induced nucleation in a boreal forest, Finland

Author

Gagné, S., Nieminen, T., Kurtén, T., Manninen, H. E., Petäjä, T., Laakso, L., Kerminen, V.-M., Boy, M., and Kulmala, M.

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 13. Climate action, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We present the longest series of measurements so far (2 years and 7 months) made with an Ion-DMPS at the SMEAR II measurement station in Hyytiälä, Southern Finland. We show that the classification of overcharged (implying some participation of ion-induced nucleation) and undercharged (implying no or very little participation of ion-induced nucleation) days based on Ion-DMPS measurements agrees with the fraction of ion-induced nucleation based on NAIS measurements. We analyzed the influence of different parameters on the contribution of ion-induced nucleation to the total particle formation rate. We found that the fraction of ion-induced nucleation is typically higher on warmer, drier and sunnier days compared to colder days with less solar radiation and a higher relative humidity. Also, we observed that bigger concentrations of new particles were produced on days with a smaller fraction of ion-induced nucleation. Moreover, sulfuric acid concentrations were smaller for days with a bigger fraction of ion-induced nucleation. Finally, we propose tentative explanations on how these different parameters influence the different nucleation mechanisms, and show that the different mechanisms seem to take place at the same time during an event. The relative contribution of the different mechanisms seems to vary depending on the surrounding conditions.

Published
2009
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15. Aerosol dynamics simulations on the connection of sulphuric acid and new particle formation

Author

Sihto, S-L, Vuollekoski, H., Leppa, J., Riipinen, I., Kerminen, V-M, Korhonen, H., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Boy, M., Markku Kulmala, and EGU, Publication

Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry, lcsh:QD1-999, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We have performed a series of simulations with an aerosol dynamics box model to study the connection between new particle formation and sulphuric acid concentration. For nucleation either activation mechanism with a linear dependence on the sulphuric acid concentration, kinetic mechanism with a squared dependence on the sulphuric acid concentration or ternary H2O-H2SO4-NH3 nucleation was assumed. The aim was to study the factors that affect the sulphuric acid dependence during the early stages of particle growth, and specifically to find conditions which would yield the linear dependence between the particle number concentration at 3–6 nm and sulphuric acid, as observed in field experiments. The simulations showed that the correlation with sulphuric acid may change during the growth from nucleation size to 3–6 nm size range, the main reason being the size dependent growth rate between 1 and 3 nm. In addition, the assumed size for the nucleated clusters had a crucial impact on the sulphuric acid dependence at 3 nm. A linear dependence between the particle number concentration at 3 nm and sulphuric acid was achieved, when activation nucleation mechanism was used with a low saturation vapour pressure for the condensable organic vapour, or with nucleation taking place at ~2 nm instead of ~1 nm. Simulations with activation, kinetic and ternary nucleation showed that ternary nucleation reproduces too steep dependence on sulphuric acid as compared to the linear or square dependence observed in field measurements.

Published
2008
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16. The contribution of sulphuric acid to atmospheric particle formation and growth: a comparison between boundary layers in Northern and Central Europe

Author

Fiedler, V., Dal Maso, M., Boy, M., Aufmhoff, H., Hoffmann, J., Schuck, T., Birmili, W., Arnold, F., Kulmala, M., and EGU, Publication

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere
Abstract

Atmospheric gaseous sulphuric acid was measured and its influence on particle formation and growth was investigated building on aerosol data. The measurements were part of the EU-project QUEST and took place at two different measurement sites in Northern and Central Europe (Hyytiälä, Finland, March?April 2003 and Heidelberg, Germany, March?April 2004). From a comprehensive data set including particle number size distributions, sulphuric acid, and meteorological data, particle growth rates, particle formation rates and source rates of condensable vapors were calculated. Growth rates were determined in two different ways, from particle size distributions as well as from a so-called timeshift analysis. Moreover, correlations between sulphuric acid and particle number concentration between 3 and 6 nm were examined and the influence of different air masses was analyzed. Measured concentrations of sulphuric acid were in the range from 2·106 to 16·106 cm-3. The gaseous sulphuric acid lifetime with respect to condensation on aerosol particles ranged from 2 to 33 min in Hyytiälä and from 28 s to 8 min in Heidelberg. Most calculated values (growth rates, formation rates, vapor source rates) were considerably higher in Central Europe (Heidelberg), due to the more polluted air and higher preexistent aerosol concentrations. Close correlations between H2SO4 and nucleation mode particles (size range: 3?6 nm) were found on many days at both sites but several observation days also lacked such correlations. The percentage contribution of sulphuric acid to particle growth was below 10% at both places, to initial growth below 20%. An air mass analysis indicated that at Heidelberg new particles were formed predominantly in air advected from southwesterly directions.

Published
2005
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18. Modelling the contribution of biogenic VOCs to new particle formation in the Jülich plant atmosphere chamber

Author

Liao, L., primary, Dal Maso, M., additional, Mogensen, D., additional, Roldin, P., additional, Rusanen, A., additional, Kerminen, V.-M., additional, Mentel, T. F., additional, Wildt, J., additional, Kleist, E., additional, Kiendler-Scharr, A., additional, Tillmann, R., additional, Ehn, M., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, and Boy, M., additional

Published
2014
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22. Modelling non-equilibrium secondary organic aerosol formation and evaporation with the aerosol dynamics, gas- and particle-phase chemistry kinetic multilayer model ADCHAM

Author

Roldin, P., primary, Eriksson, A. C., additional, Nordin, E. Z., additional, Hermansson, E., additional, Mogensen, D., additional, Rusanen, A., additional, Boy, M., additional, Swietlicki, E., additional, Svenningsson, B., additional, Zelenyuk, A., additional, and Pagels, J., additional

Published
2014
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24. Modelling non-equilibrium secondary organic aerosol formation and evaporation with the aerosol dynamics, gas- and particle-phase chemistry kinetic multi-layer model ADCHAM

Author

Roldin, P., primary, Eriksson, A. C., additional, Nordin, E. Z., additional, Hermansson, E., additional, Mogensen, D., additional, Rusanen, A., additional, Boy, M., additional, Swietlicki, E., additional, Svenningsson, B., additional, Zelenyuk, A., additional, and Pagels, J., additional

Published
2014
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25. Supplementary material to "Modelling non-equilibrium secondary organic aerosol formation and evaporation with the aerosol dynamics, gas- and particle-phase chemistry kinetic multi-layer model ADCHAM"

Author

Roldin, P., primary, Eriksson, A. C., additional, Nordin, E. Z., additional, Hermansson, E., additional, Mogensen, D., additional, Rusanen, A., additional, Boy, M., additional, Swietlicki, E., additional, Svenningsson, B., additional, Zelenyuk, A., additional, and Pagels, J., additional

Published
2014
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29. Oxidation of SO<sub>2</sub> by stabilized Criegee intermediate (sCI) radicals as a crucial source for atmospheric sulfuric acid concentrations

Author

Boy, M., primary, Mogensen, D., additional, Smolander, S., additional, Zhou, L., additional, Nieminen, T., additional, Paasonen, P., additional, Plass-Dülmer, C., additional, Sipilä, M., additional, Petäjä, T., additional, Mauldin, L., additional, Berresheim, H., additional, and Kulmala, M., additional

Published
2013
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32. Oxidation of SO<sub>2</sub> by stabilized Criegee Intermediate (sCI) radicals as a crucial source for atmospheric sulphuric acid concentrations

Author

Boy, M., primary, Mogensen, D., additional, Smolander, S., additional, Zhou, L., additional, Nieminen, T., additional, Paasonen, P., additional, Plass-Dülmer, C., additional, Sipilä, M., additional, Petäjä, T., additional, Mauldin, L., additional, Berresheim, H., additional, and Kulmala, M., additional

Published
2012
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33. New insights into nocturnal nucleation

Author

Ortega, I. K., primary, Suni, T., additional, Boy, M., additional, Grönholm, T., additional, Manninen, H. E., additional, Nieminen, T., additional, Ehn, M., additional, Junninen, H., additional, Hakola, H., additional, Hellén, H., additional, Valmari, T., additional, Arvela, H., additional, Zegelin, S., additional, Hughes, D., additional, Kitchen, M., additional, Cleugh, H., additional, Worsnop, D. R., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, and Kerminen, V.-M., additional

Published
2012
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37. A review of operational, regional-scale, chemical weather forecasting models in Europe

Author

Kukkonen, J., primary, Olsson, T., additional, Schultz, D. M., additional, Baklanov, A., additional, Klein, T., additional, Miranda, A. I., additional, Monteiro, A., additional, Hirtl, M., additional, Tarvainen, V., additional, Boy, M., additional, Peuch, V.-H., additional, Poupkou, A., additional, Kioutsioukis, I., additional, Finardi, S., additional, Sofiev, M., additional, Sokhi, R., additional, Lehtinen, K. E. J., additional, Karatzas, K., additional, San José, R., additional, Astitha, M., additional, Kallos, G., additional, Schaap, M., additional, Reimer, E., additional, Jakobs, H., additional, and Eben, K., additional

Published
2012
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40. New insights into nocturnal nucleation

Author

Ortega, I. K., primary, Suni, T., additional, Boy, M., additional, Grönholm, T., additional, Manninen, H. E., additional, Nieminen, T., additional, Ehn, M., additional, Junninen, H., additional, Hakola, H., additional, Hellén, H., additional, Valmari, T., additional, Arvela, H., additional, Zegelin, S., additional, Hughes, D., additional, Kitchen, M., additional, Cleugh, H., additional, Worsnop, D., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, and Kerminen, V.-M., additional

Published
2011
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41. A statistical proxy for sulphuric acid concentration

Author

Mikkonen, S., primary, Romakkaniemi, S., additional, Smith, J. N., additional, Korhonen, H., additional, Petäjä, T., additional, Plass-Duelmer, C., additional, Boy, M., additional, McMurry, P. H., additional, Lehtinen, K. E. J., additional, Joutsensaari, J., additional, Hamed, A., additional, Mauldin III, R. L., additional, Birmili, W., additional, Spindler, G., additional, Arnold, F., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, and Laaksonen, A., additional

Published
2011
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42. The summertime Boreal forest field measurement intensive (HUMPPA-COPEC-2010): an overview of meteorological and chemical influences

Author

Williams, J., primary, Crowley, J., additional, Fischer, H., additional, Harder, H., additional, Martinez, M., additional, Petäjä, T., additional, Rinne, J., additional, Bäck, J., additional, Boy, M., additional, Dal Maso, M., additional, Hakala, J., additional, Kajos, M., additional, Keronen, P., additional, Rantala, P., additional, Aalto, J., additional, Aaltonen, H., additional, Paatero, J., additional, Vesala, T., additional, Hakola, H., additional, Levula, J., additional, Pohja, T., additional, Herrmann, F., additional, Auld, J., additional, Mesarchaki, E., additional, Song, W., additional, Yassaa, N., additional, Nölscher, A., additional, Johnson, A. M., additional, Custer, T., additional, Sinha, V., additional, Thieser, J., additional, Pouvesle, N., additional, Taraborrelli, D., additional, Tang, M. J., additional, Bozem, H., additional, Hosaynali-Beygi, Z., additional, Axinte, R., additional, Oswald, R., additional, Novelli, A., additional, Kubistin, D., additional, Hens, K., additional, Javed, U., additional, Trawny, K., additional, Breitenberger, C., additional, Hidalgo, P. J., additional, Ebben, C. J., additional, Geiger, F. M., additional, Corrigan, A. L., additional, Russell, L. M., additional, Ouwersloot, H. G., additional, Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, J., additional, Ganzeveld, L., additional, Vogel, A., additional, Beck, M., additional, Bayerle, A., additional, Kampf, C. J., additional, Bertelmann, M., additional, Köllner, F., additional, Hoffmann, T., additional, Valverde, J., additional, González, D., additional, Riekkola, M.-L., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, and Lelieveld, J., additional

Published
2011
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44. Modelling atmospheric OH-reactivity in a boreal forest ecosystem

Author

Mogensen, D., primary, Smolander, S., additional, Sogachev, A., additional, Zhou, L., additional, Sinha, V., additional, Guenther, A., additional, Williams, J., additional, Nieminen, T., additional, Kajos, M. K., additional, Rinne, J., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, and Boy, M., additional

Published
2011
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46. Large methane releases lead to strong aerosol forcing and reduced cloudiness

Author

Kurtén, T., primary, Zhou, L., additional, Makkonen, R., additional, Merikanto, J., additional, Räisänen, P., additional, Boy, M., additional, Richards, N., additional, Rap, A., additional, Smolander, S., additional, Sogachev, A., additional, Guenther, A., additional, Mann, G. W., additional, Carslaw, K., additional, and Kulmala, M., additional

Published
2011
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49. Operational, regional-scale, chemical weather forecasting models in Europe

Author

Kukkonen, J., primary, Balk, T., additional, Schultz, D. M., additional, Baklanov, A., additional, Klein, T., additional, Miranda, A. I., additional, Monteiro, A., additional, Hirtl, M., additional, Tarvainen, V., additional, Boy, M., additional, Peuch, V.-H., additional, Poupkou, A., additional, Kioutsioukis, I., additional, Finardi, S., additional, Sofiev, M., additional, Sokhi, R., additional, Lehtinen, K., additional, Karatzas, K., additional, San José, R., additional, Astitha, M., additional, Kallos, G., additional, Schaap, M., additional, Reimer, E., additional, Jakobs, H., additional, and Eben, K., additional

Published
2011
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